靈岩灣 貝類의 重金屬 含量에 關한 硏究

장인애,류일광 광주보건대학 1976 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

A. A. S에 依하여 靈岩濟 具類中에 함유되어 있는 Cu, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn, Hg등 6개 중금속을 分析하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Cu(구리)는 채취장소 Ⅰ에서 0.55∼0.57ppm, Ⅱ에서 0.82∼1.04ppm, Ⅲ에서 0.89∼1.13ppm, Ⅳ에서 0.29∼0.39ppm, Ⅴ에서 0.85ppm으로 나타났다. 2. Pd(鉛)는 채취장소 Ⅰ에서 0.04∼1.02ppm, Ⅱ에서 0.27∼0.98ppm, Ⅲ에 있어서는 0.20∼0.40ppm, Ⅳ에서 0.22∼0.29ppm, Ⅴ에서 0.29ppm으로 나타났다. 3. Mn(망간)은 채취장소 Ⅰ에서 2.05∼6.87ppm, Ⅱ에서 8.73∼16.97ppm, Ⅲ에서 5.12∼12.50ppm, Ⅳ에서 3.28∼11.68ppm, Ⅴ에서 10.66ppm으로 나타났다. 4. Cd(카드뮴)은 채취장소 Ⅰ에서는 檢出되지 않았고 Ⅱ에서 0.04∼005ppm, Ⅲ에서 0.11∼0.25ppm, Ⅳ에서는 1.25∼1.40ppm, Ⅴ에서 0.05ppm으로 나타났다. 5. Zu(아연)의 경우는 채취장소 Ⅰ에서 14.9∼16.0ppm, Ⅱ에서 20.1∼23.3ppm, Ⅲ에서 22.1∼23.3ppm, Ⅳ에서 14.1∼22.7ppm, Ⅴ에 있어서는 11.8ppm으로 나타났다. 6. Hg(수은)은 채취장소 Ⅰ에서 0.34ppm, Ⅱ에서는 檢出되지 않았고 Ⅲ에서 0.48ppm, Ⅳ에서 0.05ppm, Ⅴ에서 0.13ppm으로 나타났다. A survey was performed to determine the concentrations of six heavy metals (i. e., Cu, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn and Hg) in several kinds of shellfishes which were collected in the Young-Ahm Bay during June to August 1976. The contents of six heavy metals were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(Perkm-Elmer Model 403). The results were summarized as follows: 1. Mean value of Cu, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn and Hg contents was 0.73, 0.41, 8.65, 0.35, 18.59 and 0.20 ppm respectively. 2. In general, their concentrations were relatively low not to be significant in water pollution, but those of Cu and Hg appeared to be significant, for the maximal concentrations of Cd and Hg came to 1.40 and 0.48 ppm.

Induction of Regenerative Responses of Injured Sciatic Nerve by Pharmacopuncture Therapy in Rats

장인애,남궁욱 사단법인약침학회 2013 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.6 No.2

Although recent studies report that combined treatment of herbal drugs with acupuncture can improve clinical efficacy in traditional oriental medicine, experimental evidence that supports this pharmacopuncture therapy is rare thus far. Here, we investigated the effects of the herbal drug recipe Sciatica 5 (SCTA5) and acupuncture stimulation on gall bladder 30 (GB30) on regenerative responses of injured sciatic nerve in rats. Treatment of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with SCTA5 improved neurite outgrowth. In vivo regenerative responses, in terms of distal extension of regenerating axons and retrogradely-labeled DRG neurons, were improved by either injury site application of SCTA5 or GB30 acupuncture stimulation and further increased by SCTA5 pharmacopuncture on GB30 acupoint. Moreover, combined treatment of SCTA5 and GB30 was more effective than singular treatments in inducing Cdc2 kinase and accompanying vimentin phosphorylation in Schwann cells of the injured nerve. These results suggest that SCTA5 and GB30 therapies may be cooperative in facilitating axonal regeneration in the injured peripheral nerves.

電氣亞鉛鍍金上의 Chromate 皮膜에 대한 染色性

장인애,류일광 광주보건대학 1975 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The dyeability of chromate-conversion-treated coating on the zinc electroplated was discussed according to the dyeing method of anod-oxide-coating in aluminum. And the effects of dyeing were investigated by measuring the absorbed amount of dyestiff by means of spectrophotometry. The results are as follows: 1. The absorbed amount of dyestuffs was increased when the concentration of dyeing solution was increased and the temperature of it rose higher. 2. The absorbed was amount of dyestuffs tended to be decreased in the case of over 10 g/l and 50℃. 3. The absorbed amount of dyestuffs was increased in accordance with the length period. 4. The adjustment of pH was very significant, the best result was ganinde while it was approximate to pH10. And while it was pH(6 and pH)11, chromate film was corrded.

에탄올-물 混合溶媒에서 벤조산 및 오르토-치환 벤조산의 解離常數에 關한 硏究

장인애 광주보건대학 1984 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The dissociation constants of benzoic acid, o-fluorobenzoic acid, o-chlorobenzoic acid and o-bromobenzoic acid have been determined at 25℃, in ethanol-water mixtures containing 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 80 weight percent of ethanol by the Gelb's method involving titration of the acid sample and pure solvent with perchloric acid reagent. From the results, the effects of solvent and substituent on the dissociation have been discussed. The pK values of acid samples increased with increasing ethanol content in the mixtures. And hence, the ease of the dissociation was guessed to be the following order; o-bromobenzoic acid o-chlorobenzoic acid>o-fluorobenzoic acid> benzoic acid.

허난설헌(許蘭雪軒)과 서영수합(徐令壽閤)의 한시(漢詩)에 나타난 여성상(女性像)

장인애 ( In Ae Jang ) 근역한문학회 2012 한문학논집(漢文學論集) Vol.34 No.-

Heo Nanseolheon and Seo Yeongsuhap are two of the utmost female literary figures that left such traces in the history of Chinese literature during Joseon. This study set out to examine and analyze their poems and their poetic consciousness in them according to their perceptions of reality and pursuits in reality. Nanseolheon led such a short life of 27 years from 1563 to 1589, while Yeongsuhap enjoyed her natural span of life of 75 years from 1753 to 1828. Both of them were born in a prestigious family during Joseon when the decorum pressures were heavy on women. Even though the times did not allow women to read books, they learned and studied before getting married into another prestigious family and leading a noble life as the wife of an illustrious official. They also left anthologies behind thanks to the kind considerations of their families. Nanseolheon left 210 poems in Nanseolheonjip published by her young brother Heo Gyun after her death, while Yeongsuhap left 192 poems in Yeongsuhapgo, a supplement to her husband Hong In-mo`s collection, Joksudangjip. Even though they shared very similar social and family backgrounds, their poetic worlds were widely different. Their different poetic worlds were examined according to their perceptions of reality and pursuits in reality. In the first area of life as a woman, Nanseolheon had pain from her real life, in which a romantic love she used to dream before marriage did not come true. Her solitude never to be overcome in real life turned into her heartburning yearning for love never to come. Yeongsuhap did not depict a feeling of yearning in her poems. She showed no solitude or sorrow in her works, accepting a given daily life in a serene manner. In the second area of life as a mother, Nanseolheon lost her two very young children to death. Their death was one of the factors that made her poetry rich in a heartburning sentiment. In many of her poems, Yeongsuhap expressed her pride for her children, worries as their mother, and lectures for them to become great figures as a mother loyal to the Confucian and ethical norms of the times. In the third area of deviations from the daily life, both of them regarded themselves as virtuous people that used to live in the good world. In the fourth area of pursuit of extreme good, Nanseolheon pointed out the incompetence of the ruling class, the common people victimized by the ruling class, and the injustice of class discrimination, whereas Yeongsuhap showed no social criticism. She understood that an ideal world was found in her home, where she raised her children, assisted her husband, and shared friendship with her neighbors although he had an aspiration for the good world and missed the country. Nanseolheon and Yeongsuhap lived in similar family environments during similar times but expressed such different poetic consciousness. There is no judging which of them is right or better because their different worlds reflected the lives they lived to their best and contained such significant accomplishments in the history of Chinese poetry by female poets.

오리고기의 근원섬유 단백질에 관한 연구

장인애(In-Yae Chang),남현근(Hyun Keun Nam) 한국식품영양과학회 1980 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

우리나라에서 사육되는 오리고기로 부터 Myofibrillar protein 을 추출하여 생채 촉매인 ATPase의 활성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다.<br/> 1. Mg- activated ATPase 활성은 이온 강도가 낮을때 활성은 증가하고 이온농도가 높으면 활성은 감소되었으며 바다오리와 사육장오리고기 사이에 차이가 있었다.<br/> 2. Myofibrillar protein 의 ATPase 활성에 EDTA의 영향은 4.6㎍을 넣었을때 ATPase 활성은 오히려 증가 되었으나 6.9㎍이상인때 활성이 감소되었다.<br/> 3. Myofibrillar protein의 ATPase 활성에 Ca^(++)의 영향은 3㎍ 이상을 첨가할때 활성이 현저히 감소되었다.<br/> 4. Myofibrillar protein의 ATPase 활성에 Mg^(++)의 영향은 3.6㎍을 첨가하면서 활성은 현저히 감소되었다. Myofibrilar Protein from Korean Duck Muscle was extracted and ATPase activities were studied.<br/> The results were as follows:<br/> 1. Mg-activated ATPase activity of Myofibril from Korean Duck, muscle exhibited a biphasic response, ATPase activity was high at a low ionic strength and low activity was showed at high ionic strength.<br/> 2. Effect of EDTA on the Myofibrillar protein ATPase activity was studied, it was investigated that the EDTA inhibition was showed at the concentration of 6.9 ㎍ and it above.<br/> 3. It showed that the effect of Ca++ on ATPase activity was decreased at the lower than 3㎍. Inhibition showed at the concentration of 3.6 ㎍ and it above.<br/> 4. It showed that the effect of Mg++ on ATPase activity was decreased at the lower than 3.6㎍. Inhibition showed at the concentration of 3.6 ㎍ and it above.

좌골신경 손상 모델에서 보양환오탕 처리에 의한 축삭 재생반응성 분석

장인애 ( Chang In Ae ),김기중 ( Kim Ki Joong ),남궁욱 ( Namgung Uk ) 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2016 한의학연구소 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

While axons in the peripheral nerve can regenerate and lead to functional recovery to a certain extent after injury, its efficacy varies depending on the severity and duration of the injury. Here, we investigated the effects of Boyanghwano-tang (BYHOT) treatment on the regenerative responses in the sciatic nerves after prolonged transection and coaptation surgery. In mice given crush injury, axonal regeneration was completed when analyzed 1 week later and did not show any difference in regenerative reponses in the distal portion of the nerve between saline- and BYHOT-treated groups. In animal models with transection and reconnection, axonal regeneration was markedly retarded compared to animals with crush injury. Regenerating axons were extended into the reconnected distal portion of the nerve more actively in animals treated with BYHOT than saline controls. Cdc2 protein was similarly induced in nerves with crush injury and with transection and recollection, and its level was lower in BYHOT-treated animal than saline control when measured 2 weeks after nerve reconnection. These results suggest that BYHOT may be useful to promote axonal regeneration in the peripheral nerve after severe injury.

Characterization of Korean Leptospira interrogans Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis of Not Ⅰ Digests of DNA

Yim, Eun-Kyoung,Chang, In-Ae,Lee, Jin-Sang,Kim, Yoon-Won,Woo, Soo-Dong,Ahn, Jee-Yin,Park, Seung-Kee,Cho, Min-Kee 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.2

배경 : 1984년 한국에서 처음으로 렙토스피라증 환자가 확진된 이래 환자와 들쥐로부터 많은 수의 렙토스피라균이 분리되었으며 혈청학적 방법에 의해 혈청형이 동정된 바 있으나 혈청형 동정에 도움이 되는 것으로 알려진 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)가 시행된 바는 없다. 이에 국내에서 분리된 균주들의 PFGE 양상을 파악하고 그 결과를 고전적인 혈청형 동정방법과 비교하고자 하였다. 방법 : 표준균주 29와 한국에서 분리된 분리균주 29주의 렙토스피라균을 대상으로 이들 균주들의 chromosome을 Not I 제한효소로 처리하여 contous-clamped omogeneous field (CHEF) 전기영동장치(CHEF-DRII, Bio-Rad)를 사용하여 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis를 실시하였다. 결과 : 혈청군 Icterohemorrhagiae에 속하는 17 혈청형 표준균주의 Not I 제한효소 절단양상은 각기 다르게 나타났으며, 국내 분리균주들(29주)은 세 가지의 다른 PFGE 양상을 보였다. 혈청학적인 방법에 의해 혈청형 Iai로 동정되었던 국내 분리균주들은 표준균주 Iai와 똑같은 PFGE 양상을 보였다. 혈청학적 방법으로는 혈청형 Iai와 구분되었던 AP31, CH89-19 및 N13균주도 표준균주 Iai와 같은 PFGE 양상을 보였으나, 혈청형 Iai로 동정된 바 있는 HY2 균주와 혈청형 Iai와 구분되었던 30R 균주는 표준균주 Iai와 약간 다른 PFGE 양상을 보였다. 결론 : 혈청형 Iai로 동정된 한국 분리균주들의 대부분은 표준균주 Iai와 같은 PFGE 양상을 보였다. DNA의 Not I 절단에 의한 PFGE는 분리균주의 혈청형 동정에 크게 도움이 될 뿐 아니라, 서로 관련된 혈청형 내의 유전적 다양성을 조사하는데 좋은 방법이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Background : Many strains of Leptospira interrogans have been isolated in Korea since 1984. Most isolates were identified as serovar lai by serological methods. The pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of Korean isolates have not been investigated currently. Methods : 29 reference strains and 29 Korean isolates of Leptospira interrogans were characterized by PFGE. Chromosomes were digested by the Not Ⅰ restriction enzyme and subsequently PFGE was performed in CHEF-DRⅡ(Bio Rad Lab) with 3 pulse times (30 seconds 13 hours. 60 seconds 13 hours, 120 seconds 14 hours) at 150 V (4.3 V/㎝). Results : 12 serogroup reference strains and most 17 serovars reference strains in the serogroup Icterohaemoffhagie showed the unique Not I restriction patterns. Most isolates identified serologically as serovar lai showed the same PFGE patterns as the serovar lai reference strain. The strain HM3 and 18R identified serologically as new serovars yeonchon and hongchon respectively showed the same PFGE patterns as serovar lai. The strain AP31, CH88-19 and NR13 that were different from serovar lai by serological methods showed the PFGE patterns indistinguishable from serovar lai reference strain. The strain HY2 that was identified as serovar lai, and the strain 30R that was different from serovar lai serologically showed the PFGE patterns slightly different from serovar lai reference strain. Conclusion : The PFGE profile of most Korean isolates Leptospira interrogans serologically identified as serovar lai is identical to the reference strain serovar lai. PFGE analysis thus may be applied to identify serovar of isolates and to investigate the genetic diversity of related serovar.

植物性食用油로 사육한 토끼근육의 근원섬유 단백질의 ATPase활성에 미치는 금속의 영향

남현근,장인애 광주보건대학 1980 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In order to study ATPase activity, Myofibrillar protein of Rabbit fed Vegetable oils was extracted from Cbin-Chillaspecies. The ATPase activity was tested by using various concentrations of divalant metal ions(Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+)) in order to determine inhibitory effect. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The ATPase activity in Myofibrillar protein of Rabbit exhibited a common-biphasic response, and the ATPase activity is high at a lower ionic strength and low at a higher ionic strength. 2. The effect of EDTA on the ATPass activity of Myofibrillar protein extracted from Rabbit fed vegetable oills was tested by using various concentrations. The AT-Pase activity wasinh ibited from 0.2mM and over concentration of EDTA. 3. The ATPase activity in Myofibrillar protein was decreased remarkably in 0.2mM and over concentration for Mg^(2+), and in 1.0 mM and over concentration for Ca^(2+) 4. In vitro, the digestibilities in A,B,C and D groups of Rabbit muscle treated with Pepsin and Trypsin for 30 minutes at 36˚C water bath were 71.66%, 73.87%;70.62%, 77.93%; 67.93%, 76.52%; and 86.79%, 90.22%, respectively.

표고버섯의 건조조건에 따른 GMP와 Lenthionine함량의 변화

최춘순,장인애,조덕봉 광주보건대학 1981 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

For the dried shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes), its two characteristic components GMP (guanosine mono phosphate) and Lenthionine contents were analysed through the HPLC and sublimation apparatus, and their results are studied with the effect of dehydration temperature and air velocity. In the commonly used temperature range 45∼50℃, GMP contents were increased with the temperature increase, and above the range 50℃, showed flattened curve, but the lower temperature 40℃ revealed high content. GMP contents were showed sharp increase for the range 1.5m/see to 2.0m/sec, but above the range showed the small difference. Lenthionine contents were decreased in relation to the temperature increase, and their decreasing trends showed more sharply with the air velocity increase 1.5m./sec to 2.0m./sec. From those results, the better qualified shiitake mushroom represented as GMP and Lenthionine content were obtained near the dehydration temperature 40℃. Whence, in case of commonly used dehydration temperature 45∼50℃, other controlled operations should be required, which could obtain the mushroom inner temperature 40℃, such as humidity control. Optimum air velocity could be selected as 2m/sec, which have made possible high content GMP and coincide with reasonable dehydration rate.