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이성범,정창주,노상하,Lee, Sung Bum,Chung, Chang Joo,Noh, Sang Ha 한국농업기계학회 1983 바이오시스템공학 Vol.8 No.1
The milling process is considered as causing one of the greatest grain losses among all the processes in rice post-production. Major source of grain losses in the rice milling is considered as the whitening process. This study was attempted to develop an abrasive-type whitener, the whitening chamber of which being supplied by jet-air evenly and continuously. To investigate the milling performance by the new whitener, three kind of emery-stone grit(#36, #41, and #46), and three levels of rotational speed of emery stone roller (950, 1070, and 1200 rpm) were tested. The jet-air abrasive-type whitener was also compared with the conventional abrasive-type having no jet-air blower in terms of their milling performance. In addition, the effect of different combinations of sequential uses of the abrasive- and friction-type whiteners on the milling performance was also experimentally evaluated. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. In general, the whitening system combined with the abrasive type whitener with jet-air supply, which was newly designed, and the existing jet-air friction type whiteners produces more milled- and head-rice by about 0.3% points and 2.8% points, respectively than the system combined with the existing abrasive type without the jet-air supply under the same operational conditions. The former also consumed less electricity by 0.024 KwH per 100kg of milled rice production and gave more milling capacity by about 35 kg/hr. As compared with the conventional whitening system consisting of jet-air friction type whiteners only, the former yielded more milled- and head-rice by 1.5% points and 4.4% points, respectively. 2. The abrasive roller having 46 grit emery was better than the roller having 36 grit in aspects of milling performance and machine efficiency, in general. 3. With regard to the effect of combination method of abrasive type and friction type whiteners, one pass in abrasive type plus three passes in friction type gave better milling performance and energy efficiency than the two passes in abrasive type plus two passes in friction type regardless of the designs of the emery stone rollers. 4. The increase in rotational speed of the emery stone roller from 950 rpm to 1200 rpm presented negative effects on milled and head-rice yields and machine efficiency, but slightly positive effect on milling capacity.
분말활성탄을 이용한 극미량 농도 Nitrosomethylamine의 흡착 제거
이성범,윤여민,최창규,김문일,Lee. Sung-Bum,Yoon. Yeo-Min,Choi. Chang-Kyoo,Kim. Moon-Il 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1
Recently, the results of vital tissue test showed that nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a disinfection by-product (DBP), could be regarded as a carcinogen because a tumor was observed in organs. U.S.EPA indicated 0.7 ng/L as exposure concentration of NDMA based on a risk assessment target with a lifetime cancer risk of <TEX>$10^{-6}$</TEX>. Several recent studies have shown that UV oxidation could remove NDMA. However, UV oxidation is uneconomical and can reform NDMA after treating. In addition, the treatment mechanism of adsorption has not been founddue to the uncertainty of NDMA pathway. In addtion, NDMA has a radioisotope <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-labeled which can be analyzed at low concentration of NDMA by Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC). This study has investigated NDMA determination using LSC at an extremely low range from 1 to 100 ng/L and NDMA removal by powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption. For <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA by LSC, the highest correlation over 99% between count number and NDMA concentrationwas obtained with possibility of <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA concentration up to 1 ng/L. In the presence of PAC ranging from 50 to 10,000 mg/L, <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA was removed from 18% to 97% for Sigma-Aldrich corporation (S-A co.) and from 9% to 93% by PAC for Daejung corporation (Dj co.). Hence it was found that the removal efficiency by PAC adsorption could vary depending on PAC types from different companies. For PAC adsorption capacity of <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA using the Freundlich isotherm, <TEX>$K_f$</TEX> and 1/n of PAC from S-A co. were <TEX>$2.67\times10^{-3}$</TEX> ng/mg and 1.009, while those of PAC from Dj co. were <TEX>$1.30\times10^{-3}$</TEX> ng/mg and 0.994, respectively. Thus, PAC from S-A co. showed twice higher adsorption capacity than Dj co.
광고 전략의 이분법적 도식으로서 Simpson’s Schema에 대하여
이성범(LEE Sungbom) 서강대학교 인문과학연구소 2010 서강인문논총 Vol.0 No.27
현대인들은 광고의 홍수라고 해도 과언이 아닐 정도로 수많은 광고 속에 살고있다. 광고가 범람하면 할수록 광고가 타겟으로 하는 잠재적 소비자들의 광고에 대한 신뢰도는 떨어지게 된다. 그 결과 광고주들은 새롭고도 다양한 기법과 전략으로 소비자들의 관심을 끌고 궁극적으로 자신들의 메시지를 받아들이게끔 유도한다. 그런 과정에서 광고주들이 가장 심혈을 기울이는 것 중의 하나는 소비자들에게 전달할 광고 메시지의 기본이 되는 광고 문안의 작성과 제시라고 할 수 있다. 이와 관련하여 Simpson(2001)은 광고주들의 전략에 따른 광고 담화의 유형을 2가지로 구분하는 유명한 도식(schema)을 제시하고 있다. ‘심슨 스키마’로 알려진 이 도식은 상품을 구매해야 할 이유를 제시하는 방식에서의 직접성 정도에 초점을 맞추고 있는데 그 동안 광고 담화의 연구에서 거의 무비판적으로 받아들여져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 이 도식의 문제점들을 화용론적 관점에서 지적하고 있고 단순히 직접성/간접성의 1차원적인 분석보다는 직접성/간접성과 별도로 이유지향성을 설정하는 2차원적 접근을 대안으로 제시하고 실제 광고 사례에 유형별로 적용하고 있다. This paper focuses on what is known as Simpson’s Schema, which is a schematic representation of a variety of distinctions found in advertising texts. The schema is based on the binary distinction of ‘reason’and ‘tackle’ proposed by Bernstein (1974) and expands on some key notions of major theories of pragmatics. Although Simpson (2001) argues that Bernstein’s distinction can be accommodated systematically within contemporary frameworks of language and discourse, this study points out that the direct-oblique continuum that plays a central role in Simpson’s Schema is not analogous to what Simpson calls ‘maximal efficiency to implicature’continuum. Nor is it to the politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). Moreover, Simpson’s directness/indirectness distinction does not always parallel strong/weak relevance distinction made by Sperber and Wilson (1986). Using the real advertising data, the present study shows that the distinction between ‘reason’and ‘tickle’ or between ‘direct’and ‘oblique’ does not correspond to those key notions of various pragmatic theories, but can be utilized in a complementary manner in accounting for the pragmatic characteristics of advertising language.
이성범(Lee Sungbom),홍승진(Hong Seungjin) 담화·인지언어학회 2009 담화와 인지 Vol.16 No.1
Ellipsis has been one of the best studied and most intriguing subjects in syntax and semantics over the last forty years since Ross's seminal 1969 article. Although it has drawn keen and immense attention, it has remained largely unanswered why elliptical utterances are so frequently used in our daily conversation. Instead, the main focus of the ellipsis studies has been on questions such as how ellipsis is resolved, whether there is syntactic structure internal to the ellipsis site, and whether the identity requirement on ellipsis is syntactic or semantic. Few attempts have been made to explicate the reasons why ellipsis is prevalent. This study is an attempt to fill that gap. We explore what pragmatic and metapragmatic roles elliptical utterances can play and point out that they have important metapragmatic functions. Whether it is intrasentential or not, ellipsis can serve the fundamental communicative goals of maintaining a smooth conversation and carrying out risk management. Thus this study sheds new light on one of the most central and long-overdue questions in the study of ellipsis, and has important implications for understanding the relations between syntax and pragmatics.
이성범 ( Sung Bom Lee ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2007 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.8 No.-
This paper deals with how the semantic/pragmatic processing of the Korean quantificational expression `ta` occurs. To this end, we first characterize `ta` as an event quantifier as well as an entity quantifier. After examining a recent analysis of the quantifier by Choi (2005), we analyze `ta` as an operator allowing Strawson-entailment as defined by von Fintel (1999, 2001). Being a Strawson-entailment operator, `ta` requires a procedure of processing which is different from for an ordinary universal quantifier. This is captured by the parallel processing model of semantic/pragmatic information proposed by Lee (2004). In doing so, we focus on how an utterance with negative implicatures induced by the use of `ta` is processed and on how the interaction takes place between the different modules of the model.