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이병우,Lee, Byeong-U Korean Society of Marine Engineers 1996 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.20 No.5
Laser-induced plume and laser-target interaction during pulsed laser deposition are demonstrated for a lead zirconate titanate (PZT). A KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248nm) was used and the laser was pulsed at 20Hz, with nominal pulse width of 20ns. The laser fluence was~$16J/cm^2,$ with 100mJ per pulse. The laser-induced plasma plume for nanosecond laser irradiation on PZT target has been investigated by optical emission spectra using an optical multichannel analyzer(OMA) and by direct observation of the plume using an ICCD high speed photography. OMA analysis showed two distinct ionic species with different expansion velocities of fast or slow according to their ionization states. The ion velocity of the front surface of the developing plume was about $10^7$cm/sec and corresponding kinetic energy was about 100eV. ICCD photograph showed another kind of even slower moving particles ejected from the target. These particles considered expelled molten parts of the target. SEM morphologies of the laser irradiated targets showed drastic melting and material removal by the laser pulse, and also showed the evidence of the molten particle ejection. The physics of the plasma(plume) formation and particle ejection has been discussed.
체외순환 개심술 환자의 혈청 및 뇨중 Amylase 변동에 관한 연구
이병우,김근호,Lee, Byeong-U,Kim, Geun-Ho 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1983 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.16 No.1
During the period of March 1981 to September 1982 a series of survey has been done on the value of amylase in blood and urine of 24 patients who went through the operation of heart surgery, for congenital and acquired heart diseases, with extracorporeal circulation at the Department of Thoracic _ Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Hanyang University. In order to analyze the iteration and inter-relation of the value of amylase in blood and urine and the extra corporeal circulation time. The duration of extra-corporeal circulation time up to 60 minutes was classified as Group A while above 60 minutes was classified as Group B. The results are as follow; 1. 3 patients [23.07%] among 13 patients of Group A and 3 patients [27.27%] among 11 patients, showed increased amylase value after the surgery. 2. The average value in blood after operation was 120.3190.71 unit in Group A and 130.90113.15 unit in Group B. It was 11.59 units [9.63%] higher in Group A than in Group B. 3. 1 patient [7.7%] among 13 patients of Group A and 2 patients[18.18%] among 11 patients of Group B, the frequency of Group B was 10.48% higher. 4. The average Value of amylase in urine after the surgery was 111.9254.87 unit in Group A and 151.54111.17 unit in Group B. It was 39.62 unit [32.72%] higher in Group A than in Group B. 5. The longer the duration of extra corporeal circulation time showed the higher the amylase value in blood and urine after the operation. 6. Although the value of amylase in blood and urine was increased after operation, no patients Were found to have developed clinical pancreatitis.
Fe-22Cr-5Al-X(X=Zr,Y)합금의 고온 부식거동에 관한 연구
이병우,박흥일,김중선,이광학,김흥식,Lee, Byeong-U,Park, Heung-Il,Kim, Jung-Seon,Lee, Gwang-Hak,Kim, Heung-Sik 한국재료학회 1997 한국재료학회지 Vol.7 No.10
Fe-22Cr-5AI-X(X=Zr, Y)합금을 1143K, 고온 황화(P$s_{2}$=1.11x$10^{-7}$atm, P$O_{s}$ =3.11x$10^{-20atm}$) 및 황화/산화 (P$s_{2}$=8.31x$10^{-8}$atm, P$O_{s}$ =3.31x$10^{-18atm}$) 환경의 복합가스 분위기에서 1-30시간동안 노출하여 합금표면에 형성된 부식층을 관찰하여 SEM/EDS로 분석하였다. Fe-22Cr-5AI합금은 고온 부식환경에서 부식 생성물의 성장은 포물선법칙을 따르고 주요 성분은 결함이 많고 다공질인 철과 크롬의 황화물[(Fe, Cr)Sx]이므로 고온 내식성이 감소하였다. Zr을 1wt%첨가한 Fe-22Cr-5AI합금의 고온 부식거동은 Y을 1wt%첨가한 합금과 비슷한 거동을 나타내었다. 황화환경에서는 Cr의 선택 황화에 의한 크롬 황화물(CrS)이 생성되고 노출시간의 경과에 따라 (Fe, Cr)Sx나 (Cr, Fe)Sx 등의 황화물의 성장으로 고온 내식성이 감소하였다. 그러나 황화/산화환경에서는 초기에는 알루미늄산화물(A $I_{2}$ $O_{3}$)및 지르코늄산화물(Zr $O_{2}$)등이 생성되어 보호적이었으나 15시간이후 부터 (Fe, Cr)Sx나 (Cr, Fe)Sx 의 황화물의 성장으로 고온 내식성이 감소하였다.
Connector용 Cu-Ni-Si-P합금의 특성에 미치는 Ni및 Si의 영향에 관한연구
노한신,이병우,이광학,김홍식,No, Han-Sin,Lee, Byeong-U,Lee, Gwang-Hak,Kim, Hong-Sik 한국재료학회 1994 한국재료학회지 Vol.4 No.8
강도, 소전율, 스프링성, 내열성 및 굽힘 가공성등의 적절한 조화를 갖는 콘넥팅재료를 개발하기 위하여 Cu-Ni-Si-P합금에 대하여 연구하였다. Ni와 Si의 조성을 달리한 3종류의 합금을 용해, 주조하여 약 $900^{\circ}C$에 열간압연 후 수냉하고, 그 후 냉간압연하여 $450^{\circ}C$. $500^{\circ}C$ 및 $550^{\circ}C$에서 시효처리한 후 기계적 성질 변화와 도전율 등을 조사하였다. 고강도와 고존도율의 적절한 조화를 나타내는 Cu-2.7%Ni-0.53% Si-0.029%P 합금을 만들었다. 합금 1을 0.5mm두께의 콘넥팅재료로 가공한 후 여러가지 특성은 인청동(C 5210R-H)과 황동(C2600R-EH)에 비해 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. Cu-Ni-Si-P alloys have been studied in order to develop connector material which has a favorable combination of strength, electrical conductivity, elastic limit, thermal softening resistence and bend formability. Three kinds of trial alloys with various nickel and silicon content were melted and cast, hot rolled at about $900^{\circ}C$ and cold rolled. Mechanical properties and electrical conductivities of these alloys annealed at $450^{\circ}C$, $500^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$ were investigated. An alloy with the composition of Cu-2.7%Ni-0.53%Si-O.O29%P, which shows a favorable combination of high strength and high electrical conductivity, has been developed. Various characteristics of the alloy 1 connector material were evaluated and compared with phospher bronze(C521OR-H) and brass(C26OOR-EH) connector material.
Zr-Al-Cu-Ni계 합금의 비정질형성능에 미치는 Pd과 Ag 복합첨가의 영향
김미혜 ( Kim Mi Hye ),이병우 ( Lee Byeong U ),김성규 ( Kim Seong Gyu ),배차헌 ( Bae Cha Heon ),정해용 ( Jeong Hae Yong ) 한국주조공학회 2004 한국주조공학회지 Vol.24 No.1
N/A The intluence of Pd and Ag additions on the thermal stability, the glass forming ability (GFA) and mechanical property of Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) (x = 0-5at%) alloys obtained by melt spun and injection casting method have been investigated by using of X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis (DTA. DSC) and micro-Vickers hardness(Hv) testing. The thermal properties of melt-spun Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) (x = 0-5at%) alloys exhibit a supercooled liquid region(AT,) exceeding 91 K betore crystallization. The largest AT, reaches as large as 126 K for the Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) alloy. The reduced glass transition temperature, TrF increased with increasing Ag content. The largest T,, is obtained for the Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) alloy. The Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) bulk amorphous alloy rod with 3 mm in diameter was fabricated by injection casting. Hv increased with increasing Ag content and the largest value was obtained for the Zr_(55)Al_(30)Cu_(20)Ni_(10)Pd_(15)_(10)Ag_(5) bulk amorphous alloy.