Brassinosteroid의 대사공학

이미옥,송기홍,이현경,정지윤,최빛나리,최성화,Lee, Mi-Ock,Song, Ki-Hong,Lee, Hyun-Kyung,Jung, Ji-Yoon,Choe, Vit-Nary,Choe, Sung-Hwa 한국식물생명공학회 2002 식물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Sterols play two major roles in plants: a bulk component in biological membranes and precursors of plant steroid hormones. Physiological effects of plant steroids, brassinosteroids (BRs), include cell elongation, cell division, stress tolerance, and senescence acceleration. Arabidopsis mutants that carry genetic defects in BR biosynthesis or its signaling display characteristic phenotypes, such as short robust inflorescences, dark-green round leaves, and sterility. Currently there are more than 100 dwarf mutants representing 7 genetic loci in Arabidopsis. Mutants of 6 loci, dwf1/dim1/cbb1, cpd/dwf3, dwf4, dwf5, det2/dwf6, dwf7 are rescued by exogenous application of BRs, whereas bri1/dwf2 shares phenotypes with the above 6 loci but are resistant to BRs. These suggest that the 6 loci are defective in BR biosynthesis, and the one locus is in BR signaling. Biochemical analyses, such as intermediate feeding tests, examining the levels of endogenous BR, and molecular cloning of the genes revealed that dwf7, dwf5, and dwf1 are defective in the three consecutive steps of sterol biosynthesis, from episterol to campesterol via 5-dehydroepisterol. Similarly, det2/dwf6, dwf4, and cpd /dwf3 were shown to be blocked in D$^4$reduction, 22a-hydroxylation, and 23 a-hydroxylation, respectively. A signaling mutant bril/dwf2 carries mutations in a Leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase. Interestingly, the bri1 mutant was shown to accumulate significant amount of BRs, suggesting that signaling and biosynthesis are dynamically coupled in Arabidopsis. Thus it is likely that transgenic plants over-expressing the rate-limiting step enzyme DWF4 as well as blocking its use by BRIl could dramatically increase the biosynthetic yield of BRs. When applied industrially, BRs will boost new sector of plant biotechnology because of its potential use as a precursor of human steroid hormones, a novel lead compound for cholesterol-lowering effects, and a various application in plant protection.

성별에 따른 전통 떡류에 대한 인지도, 활용도, 편의도 및 선호도가 구매의도에 미치는 영향의 차이연구

이미옥,Lee, Mi Ock 한국데이터정보과학회 2015 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 전통 떡류에 대한 인지도, 활용도, 편의도 및 선호도가 구매의도에 미치는 영향이 성별에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는지의 여부를 검정하는 것이다. 이러한 검정을 위하여 부산지역의 대학생을 대상으로, 남녀 성별에 따른 전통떡류에 대한 소비행태 즉, 인지도, 활용도, 편의성, 선호도가 구매의도에 미치는 영향의 정도가 다른지 여부를 조사하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 남학생 47.5%, 여학생 52.5%였고, 가계소득 수준은 500만 원 이하가 51.0%, 500만 원 이상이 49.0%였으며, 생활 형태는 부모와 함께 거주하는 경우가 46.0%, 단독이 54.0%였다. 각 설문문항별 각 요인들은 리커트 7점 척도에서 4.0과 6.0 사이로 나타났다. 인지도, 활용도, 편의도, 선호도가 구매의도에 미치는 영향이 성별에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는지의 여부를 검정하기 위하여 차우의 F (Chow's F) 검정을 한 결과, 성별에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 인지도 변수의 경우는 의미가 약하므로 제외하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences by gender in influence recognition, usage, convenience and preference on purchase intention for traditional Korean rice cake. For this study, the effect of the gender-based consumption patterns-degree of recognition, usage, convenience, and preference towards the traditional Korean rice cake-on purchasing intention was investigated among the university students in Busan area. Of the entire students, 47.5% were male and 52.5% female; 51.0% had less than \5,000,000 and 49.0% had \5,000,000 or more in household income level per month; and 46.0% live with parent(s) whereas 54.0% by themselves. The findings showed that consumption patterns lie between 4.0 and 6.0 in Likert-type 7-point scale. It showed differences by gender in all of the degree of recognition, usage, convenience, and preference.

이문열과 위화 소설에 나타난 폭력성 비교연구

이미옥(Lee, Mi-Ock) 동북아시아문화학회 2018 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.55

This study is going to figure out difference between Yu Hua and Lee Mun-yeol regarding their recognition of violence. It is a meaningful attempt to understand the ideological gap between the two authors and examine the detailed aspects of violence in the two countries which their ideological discourse is grounded on. In the 1980’s, Lee Mun-yeol began his journey of literature and created works actively, and it was the period that started with the Gwangju Democratic Movement against the military dictatorship. The 1980’s was the period when culture and ideology represented as ‘the National People’s Movement’ were prevalent; however, even in the circumstances, Lee Mun-yeol tried to dig deeply into the ultimate meaning of humans, not historic realism. As what is written on his novels, Lee Mun-yeol did not put his trust in the crowd realizing any true revolution even under the democratic system. He thinks that the people can never be the main agents of history due to their snobbish and selfish nature, and who grasps authority does not matter as authority will spoil, and the people will lead their lives according to that. He maintained that tendency consistently, and it is revealed in other works like 『Son of a Man』, too. On account of his tendency of writing works like that, Lee Mun-yeol was criticized by some critics as being “a conformer to the system”. On the contrary, Yu Hua did show changes gradually. In the 1990’s, he transferred from demagogic literature to folk literature. This is not unassociated with Yu Hua’s experience of Tiananmen Massacre in 1989. Although they failed to bring revolution, Yu Hua found individuals’ power and potential through the explosion of the people’s energy and cohesiveness then. Despite that enormous alteration, however, in Yu Hua’s novels, the people are still depicted as the victims of violence within the great tide of history and fragile individuals that can never escape from the bonds of destiny no matter how hard they try. They just appear to suffer pathetically and desperately in order to survive as a human that is more humane. Yu Hua focuses on the people’s joys and sorrows more like this while Lee Mun-yeol pays more attention to snobbery internalized in the crowd. But the aspects of violence cannot but

문화 : 전통 떡류에 나타난 대학생들의 문화의식에 관한 연구

이미옥 ( Mi Ock Lee ) 영산대학교 동양문화연구원 2015 동양문화연구 Vol.21 No.-

전통떡류에 나타난 대학생들의 문화의식을 연구하고자, 대학생들의 성별과 가계소득수준에 따라 전통떡류에 대한 소비패턴 즉, 인지도, 활용도, 편의도 및 선호도에 차이가 있는지의 여부를 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 부산지역 대학생 200명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과 전통떡류에 대한 인지도, 활용도, 편의도 및 선호도는 Likert-type 7점 척도에서 4.0 ~ 6.0으로 매우 높게 나타났다. 구체적으로 살펴보면 인지도가 가장 높았고, 활용도는 다소 낮았다. 전통떡류에 대한 인지도,활용도, 편의도 및 선호도가 대학생들의 성별과 가계소득수준에 따라차이가 있는지의 여부를 검정하기 위하여 t-Test를 하였다. 분석결과 인지도, 활용도, 편의도 및 선호도 모두 대학생들의 성별과 가계소득수준에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 설정한 가설은 채택되었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of consumption patterns-degree of recognition, usage, convenience and preference for traditional Korean rice cake between university students`` sex and household income level. Self administration questionnaires were collected from 200 university students inBusan area. The findings showed that consumption patterns-degree of recognition, usage, convenience and preference for traditional Korean rice cake was 4.0 ~ 6.0 by Likert-type 7-point scale. It was high score. The consumption patterns-degree of recognition for traditional Korean rice cake was high, but usage is lower than recognition. The t-Test is used to test difference of consumption patterns-degree of recognition, usage, convenience and preference for traditional Korean rice cake between university students`` sex and household income level. The results of the study revealed that consumption patterns-degree of recognition, usage, convenience and preference for traditional Korean rice cake between university students`` sex and household income level was significantly difference. So, the hypothesis was accepted.

COVID-19 상황에서 조리전공 비대면 실습수업의 스트레스 요인들이 학업 만족도에 미치는 영향

이미옥(Mi Ock Lee) 한국데이터정보과학회 2022 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.33 No.3

본 본 연구는 COVID-19 상황에서 비대면 실습수업으로 인해 조리전공 대학생들이 느끼는 학업 스트레스와 이와 관련된 변수들이 학업 만족도에 영향을 미치는지를 조사하였다. 이를 위해, 학업 스트레스와 이와 관련된 여러 요인을 독립변수로 하고, 학업 만족도를 종속변수로 하여 선형회귀분석을 활용하여 주효과 분석을 하였다. 또한, 비 모수적인 방법인 의사결정나무 분석을 활용하여 학업 스트레스와 관련된 여러 요인에 대한 고차의 상호작용 효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비대면 실습수업 상황에서 stress, preparation, sex 그리고 학년 더미 변수인 grade_d2, grade_d3, 및 grade_d4가 종속변수인 비대면 실습수업에 대한 담당 교수의 준비성 및 진행능력에 대한 만족도 (satisfaction_1)에 미치는 영향은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났으나, 나머지 독립변수들인 adjustment, recovery, react_problem, preference는 종속변수에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 비대면 실습수업에 따른 학생들의 stress, preparation, sex 그리고 학년 변수인 grade_d2 (2학년)가 종속변수인 강의수준과 수업의 성과에 대한 수강생들이 느끼는 만족도 (satisfaction_2)에 미치는 영향은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났으나, 나머지 독립변수들인 adjustment, recovery, react_problem, preference, grade_d3 (3학년), grade_d4 (4학년)는 종속변수에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. This study focuses on whether the academic stress and the related variables had effects on the lecture satisfaction of the culinary major college students practicing non-face-to-face practical lectures during COVID-19. To do this, main effect analysis was performed via linear regression analysis by setting the academic stress and various related factors as independent variables, and the lecture satisfactions as dependent variables. Also, high dimensional interaction effect on the academic stress and various related factors was analyzed using decision tree analysis, which is a nonparametric method. Results were as follows: First, in non-face-to-face practical lectures, independent variables including stress, preparation, sex, and grade dummy variables (grade_d2, grade_d3, grade_d4) showed no meaningful effect on the dependent variable, satisfaction_1, whereas the other independent variables (adjustment, recovery, react_problem, preference) showed meaningful effect on the dependent variables. Secondly, independent variables including stress, preparation, sex, and the grade variable ‘grade_2’ showed no meaningful effect on the dependent variable, satisfaction_2, whereas the rest of the independent variables (adjustment, recovery, react_problem, preference, grade_d3, and grade_d4) all showed meaningful effect on the dependent variables.

패스트푸드점의 서비스품질차원별 차이에 관한 연구

이미옥 ( Mi Ock Lee ),조윤식 ( Yoon Shik Cho ) 관광경영학회 2003 관광경영연구 Vol.17 No.-

한류 관련 요인들이 한식만족도에 미치는 영향의 국가별 비교 연구

이미옥(Mi Ock Lee) 한국데이터정보과학회 2020 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

한식의 세계화를 위해서 우리나라 각계각층은 그동안 한식 그 자체의 테마 만으로 각종 이벤트, 프로그램 및 연구들을 추진하였지만, 효과적이지 못했다. 본 연구에서는 한식의 세계화를 위해 한식이 아닌 한류 관련 요인들을 찾아내고, 이러한 요인들을 통해 한식의 세계화 가능성을 찾고자 하였다. 한국거주 외국인 유학생들을 대상으로 한류 관련 요인들이 한식만족도에 미치는 효과를 국가별로 비교하는 것을 그 목적으로 하였다. 한식만족도에 미치는 한류관련 요인들의 주효과 및 상호작용효과 분석을 위해 선형회귀모형과 의사결정나무모형을 적용하였다. 주요 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 중국과 베트남의 경우, 한식만족도에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 변수는 한식이미지이며, 그 다음으로 한국가요선호도로 나타났다. 한편 기타 국가의 경우, 한국패션선호도이며, 그 다음은 한국드라마선호도로 나타났다. In order to achieve a globalization of Korean food, there has been various events, programs and researches promoted by all walks of life in Korea so far, focusing solely on Korean food (K-food): however, these were not very successful. In this study, we focused on finding the factors for K-food globalization within K-wave, rather than K-food, with hopes to discover the possibilities for the globalization of K-food through those factors. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of K-wave factors on K-food satisfaction for different countries, targeting the international students living in Korea. Linear regression model and decision tree model were applied in analyzing the main effect and the interaction effect of the K-wave related factors on K-food satisfaction. As a result, K-image was the most influential factor on K-food satisfaction, followed by K-pop preference for the students from China and Vietnam. In case of other countries, it was the K-fashion preference, followed by K-drama preference.

1960-1980년대 한·중 모더니즘 시의 지향성 비교연구 - 《현대시》와 《오늘》 동인을 중심으로 -

이미옥(Lee, Mi-Ock) 동북아시아문화학회 2020 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.64

This thesis compared the directivity of Korean and Chinese modernism poetry of the 1960s to the 1980s focusing on the coterie 《Modern Poetry》 of Korea and the coterie 《Today》 of China. Behind the comparison of these two motives are the April 19th Revolution of Korea and Tiananmen Square protests of China, which were important turning points in the preparation of modernity. The two revolutions were the first democratic revolutions since liberation and they had a symbolic effect on modern history and literary history and this connected with movements for modernism of the West and gave birth to unique thoughts of modernism. The coterie magazines 《Modern Poetry》 and 《Today》 were created to allow people to voice their thoughts and establish their literary positions after the first democratic revolution failed after liberation in an atmosphere of national censorship. Their greatest role was to create autonomous literary fields in which attempts could be made for pure poetic explorations in a time when realistic participation was desperately needed and to secure diversity. Modern poetry coteries particularly pry into the unconscious, or in other words, the inner consciousness and their goal was a combination of lyricism and modernity. Their internal world was in the form of individual illusions created through language and the illusions they pursue were progressed with as explorations into pure individual unconsciousness and not as reflections of reality or participation. Also, they accept modernism techniques but establish their own poetics instead of settling for a single form of esthetics and they promoted active language experiments. The psalms of coteries can be distinguished from the ‘internal worlds’ of previous poems of modernism from aspects that they are the acquisition of self-sustaining internality that possesses modernistic material foundations. Compared to this, modernism poetry of China actively utilized modernism from aspects of technique but there are many aspects of reality reflection from aspects of content. Chinese poets read books related to modernism in secret through underground reading and this became nourishment for the creation of modernism poetry. They borrowed various modernism techniques such as metaphors, montages, and automatic techniques to reveal the contradictions of suppressed realities and this was called “misty poetry” and appeared as contemporary literary thought. Ultimately, misty poetry is another name for engagement poetry that borrows modernism techniques and its modernism is similar to historical modernity that is based on historical reality.

대학생들의 한식, 중식 및 일식에 대한 선택속성, 전통적 고유성 및 만족도에 관한 비교연구 ― 부산지역 대학생을 중심으로 ―

이미옥 ( Lee Mi Ock ) 영산대학교 동양문화연구원 2016 동양문화연구 Vol.25 No.-

K-Drama와 K-Pop은 세계화에 성공했지만 K-Food는 세계화에는 다소 미흡한 실정이다. K-Food가 세계인들에게만 인기가 부족한 것이 아니라, 한국인에게도 인기가 부족하다. 특히 젊은이들에게는 외식을 할 경우 우선순위에서 양식, 중식, 일식에 밀린지 오래되었다. 많은 한식에 관한 음식축제에도 불구하고 한식이 세계화되지 못한 것은 한식이 고유성을 지나치게 고집한 나머지 한국인은 물론 세계인의 입맛을 맞춰내지 못해 보편화를 이루지 못했기 때문으로 보고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 젊은이 중에서 부산지역의 대학생들을 대상으로 한식, 중식 및 일식에 대한 선택속성, 식단의 특성에 대한 이미지 및 식단이용의 만족도를 비교분석을 하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 다음과 같은 가설을 설정하였다. 가설 : 대학생들의 한식, 중식 및 일식에 대한 선택속성, 식단의 특성에 대한 이미지 및 식단에 대한 만족도는 유의한 차이가 있을 것이다. 가설을 검정한 결과 대학생들은 한식이나 중식은 물론 일식을 선택할 때 맛이나 차림새 때문에 선택하는 것은 아니며, 중식은 향, 색, 메뉴의 다양성, 영양의 풍부, 웰빙건강식단, 입맛에 맞기 때문에 선택되어지는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 한식, 중식 및 일식별 식단의 특성에 대한 차이검정을 한 결과, 식단의 전통적인 고유성에 대해서는 중식이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 종합적으로 보았을 때 한국의 대학생들은 각국의 식단의 특성에 대해서는 한식, 중식, 일식 간에 뚜렷한 특징적인 차이점은 존재하지 않은 것으로 볼 수 있다. 가설은 부분적으로만 채택되었다. 이러한 결과가 시사하는 바는 한국의 기성세대들과는 달리 젊은 대학생들은 한식에 대한 선호도가 높지 않으며, 배달음식으로 많이 접하게 되는 중식이 의외로 좋은 평가를 받고 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 젊은 대학생들은 편리하게 배달되는 음식을 선호하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. Globalization of Korean Food (K-food) is thought to be rather unsuccessful compared to that of K-drama and K-pop. In fact, K-food is unpopular not only among the people around the world, but also among the Korean people. Korean food has been ranked lower than western, Chinese, and Japanese food as an option to dine out, especially among young generations. The failure of the globalization of Korean food, in spite of numerous food festivals regarding Korean dishes, is thought to be caused by somewhat tenacious persistence on the uniqueness of Korean food, which leaded to the generalization of it towards the people outside Korea rather unsuccessful. The purpose of this study is to perform comparative analysis on college students in Busan area for their choice attributes on Korean, Chinese, and Japanese food, their impression on the nature of the menu and their satisfaction level on each type of food. The following hypothesis was proposed. Hypothesis: There will be a meaningful difference on college students` choice factor, impression, and satisfaction level on Korean, Chinese, and Japanese food. After carefully testing the hypothesis, we found that the taste or the plating of the dish was not the decisive factor when making a choice among Korean, Chinese and Japanese food. Chinese food was chosen because of its diverse flavor, color and menu, rich nutrition, well-being healthy diet, and appetite of college students: therefore, we concluded that Chinese food fits Korean college students` appetite. Additionally, when Korean, Chinese, and Japanese food were used to test difference, Chinese food showed the highest traditional uniqueness on its menu. Overall, it seemed like Korean college students had no distinctive difference over Korean, Chinese, and Japanese food regarding the characteristics of their menus. The hypothesis was only partially adopted. What this result implies is that, unlike the older generations in Korea, the younger people have a weaker preference on Korean food, and surprisingly favorable evaluation on Chinese food, a common delivery food, which shows college students` preference on conveniently delivered food. Although there are Korean restaurants with delivery service, they are not as common as Chinese restaurants, which leads to lower preference on Korean food over Chinese food. Moreover, the result showed quite different evaluation on Japanese food from common sense on it, presumably because of the huge restriction of the Japanese food consumed by college students and its inconvenient nature of delivery.

외국인들의 국적별 한식구매행동의도에 미치는 영향요인에 관한 비교연구

이미옥(Mi-Ock Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.3

본 논문에서는 선행연구들을 토대로 인간의 행동의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 행동태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제 및 욕구로 정리하고, 이를 외국인들의 한식구매행동의도에 적용하였다. 우리나라 부산에 거주하는 외국인유학생들이 출신국적에 따라 행동태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제 및 욕구가 한식구매의도에 대한 설명력에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 첫째, 중국의 경우 모든 독립변수가 한식구매의도에 통계적으로 유의하게 양의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 독립변수의 효과의 측면에서 회귀계수를 살펴보면 Desire가 영향력이 가장 높으며 그다음으로 SN, SB, PBC 등의 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 베트남의 경우도 모든 독립변수가 한식구매의도에 통계적으로 유의하게 양의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 회귀계수의 크기는 중국과 많은 차이를 보이고 있는데, 가장 영향력이 큰 독립변수는 Desire였지만 그다음으로 PBC, SN, AB 등의 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 의사결정나무분석 결과, 중국의 경우, 행동의도에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 변수는 욕구이며, 그다음으로 행동태도, 주관적 규범의 순으로 나타났다. 베트남의 경우, 행동의도에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 변수는 욕구이며, 그다음으로 지각된 행동통제, 주관적 규범, 행동태도의 순으로 나타났다. Based on the previous studies, this paper summarized the four factors that can affect people’s behavioral intention as attitude for behavior (AB), subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and Desire, and then applied these factors to the foreigners’ buying intention for Korean food. Additionally, this paper analyzed whether the nationality of the international students in Busan, South Korea, have an influence on these factors. First of all, in the case of China, we discovered that all independent variables have statistically meaningful positive impact/influence on their buying intention for Korean foods. In terms of the regression coefficient from the effectiveness of each variable’s perspective, Desire was the most effective, followed by SN, AB, and PBC. Secondly, in the case of Vietnam, it also showed that all independent variables have statistically meaningful positive influence on their buying intention for Korean foods. The value of the regression coefficient was significantly different, still making the Desire as the most effective independent variable but the rest in the order of PBC, SN, and AB. Lastly, as a result of the decision tree analysis, the most impactful variable for the behavioral intention was Desire, followed by PBC, AB, SN for China. For Vietnam, it was desire, followed by PBC, SN, and AB.