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장기요양기관 요양보호사의 클라이언트 폭력 경험에 관한 질적사례연구
윤효신 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2022 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.8 No.12
In this study, a qualitative case study was conducted to understand the experiences of caregivers who are victims of violence from clients. Focus inter views were performed to five in long-term care institution care givers with longer than 1-year field experiences. The results are classified into 4 subjects, 12 sub-subjects, and 26 meaningful concepts. Four themes are ‘violence and suffering’, ‘deepening heartache after violence’, ‘escape from violence’, ‘missions and growth’. The major results include, the first area as the aspect of violence experience from clients, ‘physical aggression’, ‘verbal aggression’, ‘sexual shames’, ‘extra works’, and the second area as the consequence of violence experience from clients, ‘anxious and fears’, ‘Secondary Traumatic Stress’, ‘turnover intention’. Also ‘formal support help-seeking to center’, ‘self-mind control’ coping responses because of this ‘But because it is our mission to do’, ‘understanding client violence’, ‘Recognition of the need to establish a human rights system’. Based on the study results, some policy recommendations on the prevention of client violence in the long-term care institutions were suggested. 본 연구는 장기요양기관에서 종사하는 요양보호사의 클라이언트 폭력 경험 양상을 파악하기 위해 질적 사례연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 1년 이상 장기요양기관에서 근무하고 있는 5명의 요양보호사를 대상으로 사례연구를 시행하였다. 연구결과 4개의 주제, 12개의 하위 주제, 26개의 의미 있는 개념을 도출하였다. 4개의 주제는 폭력 피해와 고통, 폭력 피해 경험 후 상처, 폭력피해 고통에서 벗어나기, 소명 그리고 성장으로 구성되었다. 본 연구결과에서는 요양보호사의 클라이언트 폭력 경험 양상으로 ‘신체적·언어적 폭력’과 ‘말 못할 성적수치심과 치욕감’, ‘규정 외 근무를 요구’받는 고통을 경험하였다. 또한, 폭력 경험 후 결과로는 ‘불안감’과 ‘트라우마’, ‘이직과 퇴직’을 고민하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 요양보호사의 대처 대응으로는 ‘센터에 도움을 요청’한다거나 ‘스스로 노력으로 견디기’와 ‘사명감’으로 헌신을 다짐하거나 ‘클라이언트를 이해하기’하는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 ‘인권 시스템 구축 필요성을 인식’하고 있었다. 한편 연구결과를 토대로 요양보호사의 폭력 피해에 대처하기 위한 실천적, 정책적 측면에서의 대응방안을 제안하였다.
토끼에서 enrofloxacin과 enrofloxacin acetate의 比較藥物動態學
윤효인,박승춘,김창식,김민규,최기섭,신광순,박종일,조준형,조명행 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin acetate (ENFXA) and enrofloxacin (ENFX). Two enrofloxacins had wide spectrum antibacterial activities against Gram positive and negative bacteria, and mycoplasma, showing potent antibacterial activities with low MICs (0.05-3.33 ㎍/㎖ for Gram positives, 0.002 ㎍/㎖ for Gram negatives and 0.02 ㎍/㎖ for mycoplasma). In order to investigate the profiles of two formulations of enrofloxacin we studied comparative pharmacokinetics of them in rabbits. Five rabbits were given 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight of each enrofloxacin formulation intravenously (i.v.) and orally (p.o.) in a cross-over study. Pharmacokinetic parameters of both formulations were calculated by the use of PCNONLIN, a computer program. Their bioavailibility in rabbits, the means of the area under the curve (AUC). After oral administration of each formulation in rabbits, the mean elimination half-lives (t_1/2,ke) were 3.25h (ENFX) and 4.32 h (ENFXA), and mean AUC 4.27 ㎍·h/㎖ (ENFX) and 6.21 ㎍·h/㎖ (ENFXA). Both enrofloxacin formulations seemed to have good tissue distribution and penetration as indicated by large volume of distribution: 4.76 1/㎏ for ENFX and 7.23 1/㎏ for ENFXA. With the results obtained in this study, ENFXA could be used in place of ENFX in rabbits.
Thermodynamic properties and structural geometry of KMgCl3·6H2O single crystals
윤효인,임애란 한국자기공명학회 2015 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.19 No.3
The thermodynamic properties and structural geometry of KMgCl3·6H2O were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The initial mass loss occurs around 351 K (=Td), which is interpreted as the onset of partial thermal decomposition. Phase transition temperatures were found at 435 K (=TC1) and 481 K (=TC2). The temperature dependences of the spin–lattice relaxation time T1 for the 1H nucleus changes abruptly near TC1. These changes are associated with changes in the geometry of the arrangement of octahedral water molecules.
엔로플록사신 액제의 닭유래 병원세균에 대한 시험관내 항균효과 시험
윤효인,박병권,조준형,정상희,박경환,장범수,김종춘,황윤환,임종환,이내경,박승춘 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-
In this study the antimicrobial spectrum and sensitivity of a liquid formulation of enrofloxacin against the major six pathogenic bacteria isolated from the diseased poultry in Korea were evaluated in comparison with ciprfloxacin (CFX), gentamicin (GM) and penicillin (PC). A liquid form of enrofloxacin, a test material and ciprofloxacin showed at least 83% antibacterial activity against all of six test pathogenic microorganisms at the fixed concentration of 10 ㎍/㎖. Gentamicin and penicillin revealed much lower antibacterial activity at the same condition. We evaluated the liquid form of enrofloxacin as having widespread antibacterial spectrum against poultry infections. The liquid form of enrofloxacin showed potent antibacterial activity, with the MIC range being 0.12∼2 ㎍/㎖ against Gram positives, 0.06∼2 ㎍/㎖ against Gram negatives and 0.5∼2 ㎍/㎖ against Mycoplasma spp. These values were equivalent to or somewhat higher than those of ciprofloxacin, but much lower than those of gentamicn and penicillin. This new liquid form of enrofloxacin would find its way in application of mixing with drinking water for the prevention and treatment of diverse infections in chickens.
백서 적출 심방근에 대한 Higenamine의 약리작용
尹孝仁,金敎準,金明哲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1988 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.15 No.-
1. Higenamine had remarkable chronotropic and inotropic effects in rat spontaneously heating right atria and electrical driven left atria respectively, in dose-dependent manners. 2. Propranolol, an adrenergic β-receptor antagonist, inhibited competitively above pharmacological actions of higenamine, which suggests the involvement of β-receptor in the action of higenamine. 3. Reserpine pretreatment(5㎎/㎏, ip, 24 hrs) did not show any decrease in the action of higenamine, which indicates higenamine has a direct action on β-receptor not via catecholamine release(indirect action). 4. Cocaine(l μM) did not sensititize the effects of higenamine in contrast with norepinephrine. which suggests there is no neuronal uptake(U₁) mechanism of higenamine in rat isolated heart preparations.