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서정빈,정준영,장대식,김정목,김정희 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.6
Betulinic acid (BA), a natural pentacyclic triterpene found in many medicinal plants is known to have various biological activity including tumor suppression and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the cell-death induction effect of BA was investigated in BV-2 microglia cells. BA was cytotoxic to BV-2 cells with IC50 of approximately 2.0 mM. Treatment of BA resulted in a dose-dependent chromosomal DNA degradation, suggesting that these cells underwent apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis further confirmed that BA-treated BV-2 cells showed hypodiploid DNA content. BA treatment triggered apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 levels, activation of capase-3 protease and cleavage of PARP. In addition, BA treatment induced the accumulation of p62 and the increase in conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, which are important autophagic flux monitoring markers. The increase in LC3-II indicates that BA treatment induced autophagosome formation, however, accumulation of p62 represents that the downstream autophagy pathway is blocked. It is demonstrated that BA induced cell death of BV-2 cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting autophagic flux. These data may provide important new information towards understanding the mechanisms by which BA induce cell death in microglia BV-2 cells.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF STELLAR WINDS TO COSMIC RAY PRODUCTION
서정빈,강혜성,류동수 한국천문학회 2018 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.51 No.2
Massive stars blow powerful stellar winds throughout their evolutionary stages from the main sequence to Wolf-Rayet phases. The wind mechanical energy of a massive star deposited to the interstellar medium can be comparable to the explosion energy of a core-collapse supernova that detonates at the end of its life In this study, we estimate the kinetic energy deposition by massive stars in our Galaxy by considering the integrated Galactic initial mass function and modeling the stellar wind luminosity. The mass loss rate and terminal velocity of stellar winds during the main sequence, red supergiant, and Wolf-Rayet stages are estimated by adopting theoretical calculations and observational data published in the literature. We find that the total stellar wind luminosity by all massive stars in the Galaxy is about ${\mathcal L}_{\rm w} \approx 1.1\times 10^{41} \ergs$, which is about 1/4 of the power of supernova explosions, ${\mathcal L}_{\rm SN} \approx 4.8\times 10^{41} \ergs$. If we assume that $\sim 1-1$ \% of the wind luminosity could be converted to Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) through collisonless shocks such as termination shocks in stellar bubbles and superbubbles, colliding-wind shocks in binaries, and bow-shocks of massive runaway stars, stellar winds are expected to make a significant contribution to GCR production, though lower than that of supernova remnants.
Apoptosis Induction Effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma Extract in Microglia BV-2 Cells
서정빈,오명숙,장영표,김정희 대한구강생물학회 2017 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.42 No.1
Microglia have multiple functions in regulating homeostasis of the central nervous system. Microglia cells have been implicated as active contributors to neuron damage in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, medicinal plant extracts (MPEs) were used to evaluate the cell-death induction effect in microglia BV-2 cells. Among 35 MPEs tested in this study, 4 MPEs showed less than a 30% cell survival after 24 hours of incubation. These were Foeniculi Fructus, Forsythiae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Hedera Rhombea. The concentration showed that 50% cell death (IC50) occurred with 33, 83, 67 Ed highlight: Please confirm wording, and 81 μ /ml, respectively. For further study, we chose Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR) which showed a reasonably low IC50 value and an induction of cell death in a relatively narrow range. Western blot analysis showed that ZR-treated cells showed activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP Ed highlight: When an acronym is first presented it needs to be spelled out in both dose- and time-dependent manners. However, the level of Bcl-2 and Bax were not changed by ZR-treatment in BV-2 cells. These results suggest that ZR-induced apoptosis in BV-2 cells occured through caspase-3 activation. The results also suggested that ZR may be useful in developing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
제주지역 모발화장품 소비자의 구매행동과 만족도에 관한 연구
서정빈,정원지 한국화장품미용학회 2019 한국화장품미용학회지 Vol.9 No.2
Modern consumers who have different hair types, seek an individualized approach to hair care. Due to the diversity of hair care, the cosmetic industry has continuously developed sophisticated products to meet consumer-specialized needs. As the sales of hair cosmetics has grown, the industry needs to appeal to customers with more diversified and specialized hair care products. This study aims to analyze buying behaviors and customer satisfaction on hair cosmetics among adults in Jeju Island. The survey is conducted in Jeju during 20 days, and 291 adults of both genders and of widely varying ages and backgrounds were asked to complete a questionnaire on hair cosmetics. As a result of analysis on buying behaviors of hair care products, there are significant differences between general characteristics of participants. Thus, as a result of analysis on customer satisfaction level, there are significant differences between buying behaviors of hair care products. 모발화장품의 시장 규모는 확대되고 있고 제품은 점점 더 전문화, 세분화 되고 있으며, 모발화장품의 소비가 증가하고 있다. 그러므로 모발화장품 소비자의 구매행동과 만족도를 파악하고 이를 이용한 소비자 마케팅이 필요하다. 본 연구는 제주지역 모발화장품 소비자의 구매행동과 만족도에 관해 알아보고, 모발 화장품 시장의 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 방법은 제주지역의 모발화장품을 사용하는 20대 이상의 남녀 291명을 대상으로 모발화장품의 구매행동과 만족도에 관하여 조사하고 분석하였다. 연구결과 조사대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 모발화장품 구매행동의 차이 특성을 검증한 결과, 모발화장품 구매행동에서 차이가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 모발화장품 구매행동의 특성에 따른 모발화장품 만족도에서 차이 특성을 검증한 결과, 모발화장품을 구매한 소비자의 만족도는 구매행동에 따라 차이가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다.