2차원 Confined 충돌 슬롯제트의 유선상류도식을 이용한 수치 해석

박태현,최형권,유정열,김상준,Park, Tae-Hyun,Choi, Hyoung-Gwon,Yoo, Jung-Yul,Kim, Sang-Joon 대한기계학회 2002 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.26 No.12

In the present paper, flow and heat transfer characteristics of confined impinging slot jets have been numerically investigated using a SIMPLE-based segregated SUPG finite element method. For laminar jets, it is shown that the skin friction coefficient obtained from the present SUPG formulation approaches the grid-independent Galerkin solution inducing negligible false diffusion in the flow field when a moderate number of grid points are used. For turbulent jets, the k-$\omega$turbulence model is adopted. The streamwise mean velocity and the heat transfer coefficient respectively agree very well with existing experimental data within limited ranges of parameters.

사춘기에 우측상지에서 발생한 혈관육종

박태현,장성남,김동건,신규호 ( Tae Hyun Park,Sung Nam Chang,Dong Kun Kim,Kyoo Ho Shin ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.3

Cutaneous angiosarcorriias occur most commonly on the face and scalp of elderly individuals and are characterized by poor prognosis. We present a case of angiosarcoma in a 17-year-old boy not associated with any predisposing factors. The patient had three, ill-defined, 3 to 5 cm sized, erythematous, indurated subcutaneous nodules on the right upper extremity with a duration of 3 months. On histological examination, there were extravasated erythrocytes and irregular vascular channels lined by atypical endothelial cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The tumor cells appeared to dissect the collagen bundles. The patient was treated by wide surgical excision and post operative radiation therapy. However, 16 months after the operation, local recurrence was found to involve the close areas to the excision site on the right upper extremity and right axillary lymph nodes. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(3): 536-540)

이동 환경에서의 지역적 등록을 이용한 효과적인 멀티캐스트 라우팅 방법

박태현(Tae Hyun Park),김철순(Chul Soon Kim),곽경섭(Kyung Sup Kwak) 한국멀티미디어학회 2003 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.6 No.7

견비통에 대한 침치료 임상연구의 체계적 문헌 고찰 -Jadad Scale 및 개정된 STRICTA 권고안을 중심으로-

박태현 ( Tae Hyun Park ),오창근 ( Chang Keun Oh ),박유리 ( Yu Lee Park ),양승범 ( Seung Bum Yang ),김재효 ( Jae Hyo Kim ) 대한경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.1

Objectives : This study aims to review randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for shoulder pain according to Jadad Scale and revised STRICTA. Methods : Seven electronic databases including PUBMED, SCOPUS, RISS were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture for shoulder pain. Results : 16 RCTs were included: 14 were published in English and 2 were published in Korean. According to Jadad scale, 15 RCTs had high quality. However, most of the studies could not meet the double blindness criteria. All RCTs meet 12.9 items on average in STRICTA. Conclusions : This systematic review shows four conclusions as follows. Traditional Chinese Medicine is often used in style of acupuncture. Spots of LI15, TE14, GB21 and LI11, stainless steel needle(0.3mm×40mm), 20 retention time, manual stimulation, Deqi, and 2 times a week treatment (total 12) are often used. Double-blinded clinical trials needs to be conducted. It is controversial to use minimal acupunctures on controlled groups of RCTs on acupuncture for shoulder pain. Description about practitioner`s background needs clarifying.

BCG 예방접종 후 발생한 구진성 결핵진과 화농성 림프선염

박태현 ( Tae Hyun Park ),장성남 ( Sung Nam Chang ),김수찬 ( Soo Chan Kim ) 대한피부과학회 1995 대한피부과학회지 Vol.33 No.6

Various dermatological complications have been reported following the BCG vaccination although this vaccination has been recommended to all healthy infants in our country. A 4-months-old boy, who had a BCG vaccination three weeks after birth, developed erythematous papules and pustules on the whole body, especially on the face and upper extremities. Two erythematous subcutaneous soft nodules were also noted on the left side of the neck. A biopsy specimen from the right forearm revealed caseous necrosis surrounded by a granulomatous inflammation consisting of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. It was centered along the axis of the damaged pilosebaceous follicle. No acid-fast bacilli could be demonstrated by AFB stain. A marked improvement of his skin eruptions was observed after anti-tuberculosis medication. However, nod-ules in the cervical area perforated spontaneously and healed leaving scars several months after the cutaneous eruptions subsided. The clinical and histologic findings and a good response to anti-tuberculous therapy support the diagnosis of papular tuberculid and suppurative lymphadenitis after BCG vaccination. (Kor J Dermatol 1995;33(6): 1138-1142)

"커먼즈"로서 기후시스템과 공공신탁법리 -기후변화소송을 소재로-

박태현 ( Tae-hyun Park ),이병천 ( Byeong-cheon Lee ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2016 법학논총 Vol.40 No.2

기후시스템은 현세대 뿐 아니라 미래세대를 위하여 보호, 보전되어야 할 이른바 ‘커먼즈(Commons)’이다. 사회구성원들이 공통으로 보유, 그 이익을 향유하며 사적으로 소유될 수 없는 공동의 자연자원으로서 커먼즈의 보호를 위하여 미국 법원은 공공신탁법리를 발전시켜왔다. 이 글에서 기후변화소송과 관련해 공공신탁법리가 다루어진 두 개의 판결을 소개하고 있다. 연방정부가 화석연료를 개발하고 그 사용을 허가, 장려하는 등으로 기후변화가 일어나게 함으로써 헌법이 보장하는 생명과 자유, 재산권을 침해하였고 또 공공신탁자원인 기후시스템을 보호하는데 실패하였다고 주장하며 청소년들이 연방정부를 상대로 제기한 소송에서, 법원은 “(정부의) 대기오염원으로부터 공중의 건강을 보호해야 할 의무와 공공신탁의무를 결합하는 경우, 생명과 신체 그리고 재산등 실체적 적법절차에 따른 보호를 제공하지 않는다고 할 수 없다”며 피고들의 소송각하신청을 기각하였다. 또 최신의 과학적 평가에 부합하는 온실가스배출한계치를 명할 수 있도록 관련규정의 제정을 요구한 청소년들의 입법청원을 거부한 워싱턴 주(州) 환경부를 상대로 청소년들이 제기한 소송에서, 법원은 주는 현 세대와 미래 세대를 위해 대기질을 보전.보호하고 또 증진해야할 기속적 의무를 가지는데 현재 시행중인 배출기준으로는 그러한 기준을 달성할 수 없다고 판단하였음에도 환경부가 진행 중인 규칙제정절차를 중단, 철회한 것은 부당하다며 원고들의 청구를 인용하였다. 한편 한국 법원은 청소년들이 제기한 이른바 ‘새만금 갯벌’소송에서 “현행 법제상 공공신탁이론에 의한 국가의 수탁자로서의 의무를 인정할 만한 실정법적 근거가 없다”며 원고적격을 부정한 바 있다. 대기 중 탄소 농도가 임계점을 향하여 치닫고 있는 이때 미국 법원은 기후변화 문제에서 종전의 관망적 자세를 버리고 정부의 행위에 개입하려는 적극적인 태도를 보이고 있다. 한국에서 기후변화 문제를 어떻게 법원에 성공적으로 제기할 수 있을까. 미래세대의 인권(환경권)과 결부된 공공신탁법리가 하나의 돌파구가 될 수 있을 것인가. 한국의 법학자들에게 매우 어려운 과제를 던지고 있다. The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable earth. These resources are held in common, not owned privately. Leading climate scientists warn that Earth is in “imminent peril,” on the verge of runaway climate heating that will impose catastrophic conditions on generations to come. The public trust doctrine imposes a fundamental limitation on the power of government over natural resources. Government holds crucial natural resources in trust for its citizens and bears the fiduciary obligation to protect such resources for present and future generations. The public trust doctrine is rooted in the precept that some resources are so central to the well-being of the community. U.S. Courts have expanded the assets constituting the res of the public trust beyond the original societal interests of fishing, navigation and commerce to protect modern concerns such as biodiversity, wildlife habitat, aesthetics and recreation. At the federal climate change lawsuit, the court fount that when combined with the EPA’s duty to protect the public health from airborne pollutants and the government’s public trust duties, the court cannot say that the public trust doctrine does not provide at least some substantive due process protections for some plaintiffs within the navigable water areas of Oregon. And at the state climate change lawsuit, Judge Hollis Hill ordered Ecology to promulgate an emissions reduction rule by the end of 2016 and make recommendations to the state legislature on science-based greenhouse gas reductions in the 2017 legislative session. How can the problem of climate change in Korea could be successfully brought to the court. The public trust doctrine associated with future generations of human rights (environmental rights) will be able to be one of a breakthrough. A very difficult task has been cast to jurists of korea.

가습기살균제 사건과 법적과제 : 피해구제시스템 개선을 중심으로

박태현(Park, Tae-Hyun) 강원대학교 비교법학연구소 2018 환경법과 정책 Vol.20 No.-

가습기살균제 사건의 발생원인에 대한 검토를 통하여 몇 가지 점을 확인할 수 있다. 첫째, 가습기살균제 사건 발생 당시 유해화학물질관리법에는 화학물질의 용도변경에 따른 화학물질 유해성 재심사제도를 마련하지 못했다. 둘째, 생활화학제품의 안전 규제에 사각지대가 있었다. 위해성이 매우 큰 살균제는 당시 품공법에 의한 안전확인대상 제품이 아니어서 시장 진입 전에 관리되지 않았고, 제품안전기본법상 안전관리대상품목도 아니어서 사후적으로도 전혀 관리되지 않았다. 셋째, 기업 내 이윤 추구와 제품안전성 확보 간의 적절한 균형을 잡아줄 내부시스템이 없거나 약하다. 이와 관련하여 기업에 그러한 내부의 제품안전 관리 시스템의 구축과 정비를 강제하거나 유도할 수 있는 사법시스템의 기능은 인과관계 입증의 곤란 등으로 제대로 작동되지 않았다. 화학물질로 인한 피해 더 나아가 환경오염으로 인한 피해에서 오염원인자책임 원칙을 구현하기 위하여 특히 피해구제시스템 중심으로 몇 가지 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째 인과관계 입증문제와 관련하여 현재 질환이분법을 전제로 인과관계 존부를 판단하고 있는 대법원의 태도는 의학적 견지에서 비판적으로 재검토되어야 한다. 둘째 관련 전문가들로 구성되는 위원회 등을 통하여 인과관계와 관련된 문제들을 공식적으로 판단할 수 있는 제도를 정비해야 한다. 마지막으로 환경권의 충분한 보장이라는 관점에서 화학물질 및 환경오염으로 인한 피해의 조사 및 예방-분쟁 해결-피해의 공적 구제 기능의 통합과 이를 체계적으로 수행할 수 있는 기구의 설립을 검토해야 한다. We can confirm several issues by examining the cause of the Humidifier Disinfectant Event. At the time of the occurrence of the Humidifier Disinfectant event, the Hazardous Chemical Control Act failed to provide a system for reexamining hazardous chemicals due to changes in the purpose of chemicals. Second, at that time, there was a blind spot in the safety regulation of chemical consumer products. The disinfectant, which has a very high risk, was not controlled before entering the market because it was not subject to safety inspection under the Quality Control And Safety Management of Industrial Products Act at the time, and was not subject to safety management at all. Third, there is no or weak internal system to balance between profit seeking and product safety. In this regard, the function of the judicial system to enforce or induce the establishment and maintenance of such an internal product safety management system in the enterprise has not worked properly due to the difficulty of proving causality. In order to realize the principle of pollutant factor accountability in damages caused by chemical products and environmental pollution furthermore, I would like to make some suggestions especially focusing on damage relief system. First, the attitude of the Supreme Court, judging the cause and effect of the current disease dichotomy which means specific and non-specific diseases, should be critically reviewed from a medical point of view. Second, there should be a system that can formally judge the problems related to causation through the committee composed of related experts. Finally, it need to set up an organization which is capable of integrating the investigation and prevention, the settlement of disputes and the public remedy function concerning damage caused by chemical substances and environmental pollution, and also performs systematically from the viewpoint of the sufficient guarantee of environmental rights.

우리나라 석면 피해 구제를 둘러싼 법적 쟁점의 검토

박태현(Park tae-hyun),이은기(토론자) 강원대학교 비교법학연구소 2009 환경법과 정책 Vol.2 No.-

The primary purpose of this article is to review some details of “draft special legislation on the legal relief of asbestos victims”. the review work has been carried out in teams of two viewpoints as follows: First, how compensatory fund(hereafter referred to as “fund”) is to be established-this is equal to that who should bear the burden of a finance related to the fund. Second, how the burden of proof as to exposure to asbestos is to be dealt with-especially for the benefit of victims resulting from environmental exposure to asbestos. On the former, I discussed who should take a legal responsibility for damages to asbestos victims and concluded that the potion of the liability can be attributed to State due to a failure to comply with a duty to keep itself informed of dangers for workers' and citizens' health. The residues of that have to be imposed upon manufacturers and distributors on the based the fact that they had manufactured and circulated products in defectiveness determined on the standard of the risk-utility test. Ultimately the costs of the product including the cost of injuries caused thereby will be borne by those who profit from it: the manufacturers and distributors who profit from its sale and the buyers who profit from is use. As to the latter, the applicant must prove the reality of the asbestos exposure, as well as the impact on his health, which must be evidenced at the time of the application. but it is not easy for the applicant to prove that exposure, therefore unjust to impose the burden of proof wholly on the applicant so that the burden is to be diminished to the extent to which the victims could be recovered from their damages without impairment of the principle of burden of proof. In france with the aim of reducing the burden of proof of exposure for the victim, legislation provides that recognition of an occupational disease is sufficient for the victim to be deemed to have suffered asbestos exposure. the same principle applies when the applicant suffers from a disease caused by asbestos and which is included on an official government list. we can consider this way of alleviation of the burden of proof as one of available alternatives.

대규모 환경훼손을 수반하는 국책사업에 대한 사법통제와 환경변호사의 도전과제

박태현(Park, Tae-Hyun) 강원대학교 비교법학연구소 2014 환경법과 정책 Vol.13 No.-

한국에서 대규모 환경훼손을 수반하는 개발사업은 정부가 수립한 행정계획에 따라 소위 국책사업이라는 이름으로 추진되었다. 새만금매립사업과 이 글에서 다루게 될 4대강사업이 그 대표적 예다. 지금까지 행정계획 형식으로 추진된 국책사업의 적법타당성을 둘러싼 사회적 논란이 정치의장에서 적절히 해소되지 아니한 경우 이 논란은 행정소송 제기를 통하여 법정으로 옮겨졌고 이에 따라 “국책사업에 대한 사법통제”라는 어려운 법적 문제가 법원 앞에 던져져왔다. 이 문제는 특히 (1)행정계획에 대한 사법통제의 접근방식의 문제, (2)행정계획 수립과정에서 행해진 사업계획에 대한 환경영향평가의 사법통제 문제, (3)행정소송 제기 후 사업계획의 집행에 대한 사법통제 문제 등을 제기한다. 법원이 환경을 보호하는 방향으로 이 문제에 접근하게 하려면 환경변호사는 무엇을 어떻게 해야 하는지를 몇 가지 제언하고자 하는 것이 이 글의 목적이다. 필자의 제언을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 행정계획에 대한 사법통제에서 행정부의 정책결정의 실체적 합리성을 높인다는 관점에서 절차적 통제는 물론 계획재량 통제법리 등을 통한 실체통제도 법원이 적극적으로 행사하여야 한다고 보며 이를 위하여 환경변호사가 법원에 의한 실체통제의 정당성과 필요성을 변론하고 그 합리적 통제방법을 제시하여야 한다. 둘째, 환경영향평가의 적정성에 대한 사법통제에서 대법원이 채용한 사법심사기준은 결과적으로 개발에 유리한 쪽으로 결정하게 한다. 환경변호사는 대법원의 사법심사기준이 환경보호에 지니는 부정적 함의를 폭로하고, 충분한 환경영향 정보 제공을 통한 합리적 의사결정지원이라고 하는 환경영향평가제도의 기능이 계획수립이라는 의사결정과정에서 제대로 작동될 수 있도록 적합한 대안적 사법심사기준을 제시하여야 한다. 마지막으로 집행정지제도의 기능이 객관소송의 성격을 가지는 환경소송에서도 발휘될 수 있도록 집행정지신청을 심리함에 있어 심리의 비중을 “회복불가능한 손해를 방지하기 위한 긴급한 필요성”이라는 요건의 존부에서 처분의 “위법성(본안승소가능성) 요건”으로 옮겨갈 수 있도록 변론하여야 한다. The legal problem of judicial oversight of state-led projects incurring large-scale environmental degradations pose a difficult legal issue as follows: (1) how to approach to the matter of judicial supervision of administrative planning. (2) how, and on what criteria, to review of whether the EIA associated with the project subject to being heard before court was adequate or not, (3) how to utilize effectively the institution of interim injunction in the environmental administrative litigation. The purpose of the article is to suggest for environmental lawyers that what and how to do for encouraging court to make a decision in favour of environmental protection. The gist of the suggestions are: firstly, the court should exercise substantive check affirmatively through, for example, doctrine of judicial oversight of administrative planing-conferred discretion, as well as procedural control with a view to increasing the reasonableness of administrative decisions in the judicial review of administrative planing. To this end, environmental lawyer must champion the necessity for active substantive review. Secondly, environmental lawyer have to disclose the adverse implications of the Korean Supreme Courts established test for whether the EIA was adequate for environmental protection, and should propose an alternate judicial standard in order for court to make a decision in favour of environmental protection. Lastly, at injunction order stage, the court should deviate from just determining of whether the irreparable damages requirement was met, and give a weight to whether the probability of success in merits existed or not, thereby having the injunction function well in the environmental lawsuits.

법학전문대학원 체제에서의 환경법 교육방법론 소고

박태현(Park Tae Hyun) 강원대학교 비교법학연구소 2008 江原法學 Vol.26 No.-

I would like to define a specialist in environmental law as a person who has a professional competence to interpret and apply environmental law systematically with basic know ledges of Environmental Economics, Ecology and sensitivity to environmental ethics. What teaching methodology will law school of Kangwon university forster a specialist in environmental law as defined above by? It is very important of teaching fundamental knowledges about Ecology, Environmental Economics in development of the theories and practices of environmental law. The core of matter is to how to instruct knowledges thereof efficiently to students toward a specialist in environmental law. It is necessary that lecture on Law and Ecologyand Environmental Economics proceed in form of Team-Teaching so that present and/or latent meanings to environmental law that the perspectives and theories of each learning have are to be identified. Students should learn whom to sue against what by means of and how to make out needful documents through the subject of Theory and Practice of Environmental Litigation. It is required that an individual institutions governed a particular environmental law and theories and practices of environmental litigation are to be educated systematically as well the theories of environmental law and this education is to lead to elevation of capability to solve questions raised as possible as. An application for authorization of establishment by kangwon university state expressly that the goal concerning specialization is a Goal in its literal sense, not a Dream. While Trial and Error is inevitable for the time being, the pursuit of the goal is worthy of challenging. Achievement thereof is not impossible so far as law school of kangwon university challenge with well-equipped.