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반응표면분석법을 이용한 댕댕이 기능성성분의 마이크로웨이브추출조건 최적화
박대희,이재준,박종진,박상환,이원영,Park, Daehee,Lee, Jae-Jun,Park, Jongjin,Park, Sanghwan,Lee, Wonyoung 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.24 No.5
본 실험은 댕댕이의 마이크로웨이브 추출장치를 활용한 플라보노이드, 안토시아닌, 폴리페놀, 항산화능 등을 반응표면분석법을 통하여 최적추출조건의 예측과 추출조건에 따른 추출물의 기능성 성분 함량을 모니터링 하였다. 중심합성계획법을 통해 추출공정에 중요한 독립변수인 용액농도($X_1$: 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%), 추출시간($X_2$: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 min), microwave power($X_3$: 180, 210, 240, 270, 300 W)를 각각 독립변수로 설정하였고, 총 플라보노이드 함량($Y_1$), 총 안토시아닌 함량($Y_2$), 총 폴리페놀 함량($Y_3$) 그리고 DPPH 라디칼 소거능($Y_4$) 등을 종속변수로 하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 예측된 최적조건 범위는 에탄올 농도 53-64%, 추출시간 7.4-7.9 min, microwave power 242-250 W로 나타났다. 플라보노이드 함량의 최대점은 에탄올의 농도 52.9%, 추출시간 7.5분, microwave power 244 W일 때 최대값은 65.74 mg RE/g으로 예측되었다. 안토시아닌 함량의 최대점은 에탄올의 농도 54.8%, 추출시간 7.4분, microwave power 248 W일 때 최대값은 0.45 mg CGE/g으로 예측되었다. 폴리페놀 함량의 최대점은 에탄올의 농도 56.9%, 추출시간 7.7분 및 microwave power 250 W 일 때 최대값은 14.71 mg GAE/g로 예측되었다. 항산화능의 최대점은 에탄올의 농도 64.10%, 추출시간 7.9분 및 microwave power 242 W일 때 최대값은 92.54%로 예측되었다. 예측값과 실험값의 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 보아 본 실험은 정확도가 높고 신뢰성이 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 댕댕이 마이크로웨이브 추출방법에 있어서 최적의 추출조건에 대한 정보를 주는 것이며, 더 나아가 고농도 댕댕이 기능성 성분이 함유된 제품 개발에 기초정보를 제공하는 결과라 사료된다. Functional compounds including flavonoids, anthocyanins, polyphneols and antioxidants were extracted from blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) using highly efficient microwave-assisted extraction. And extraction process was modeled and optimized according to response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables ($X_n$) were ethanol concentration ($X_1$: 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%), irradiation time ($X_2$: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 min), and microwave power ($X_3$: 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 W). Dependent variables ($Y_n$) were total flavonoid contents ($Y_1$), total anthocyanin contents ($Y_2$), total polyphenol contents ($Y_3$) and antioxidant activity ($Y_4$). Four-dimensional response surface plots were generated based on the fitted second-order polynomial models to get optimal conditions. Estimated optimal conditions for 4 responses were ethanol concentration of 54-72%, irradiation time of 7.1-7.6 min, and microwave power of 243-251 W. Ridge analysis predicted the maximal responses of total flavonoid content, total anthocyanin content, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were 38.00 mg RE/g, 6.80 mg CGE/g, 14.90 mg GAE/g, 89.10%, respectively. Verification experiment was carried out at predicted optimal conditions and experimental values for total flavonoid content, total anthocyanin content, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were 38.10 mg RE/g, 6.72 mg CGE/g, 14.91 mg GAE/g and 89.13%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between predicted and experimental values, indicating good fitness of fitted model and successful application of RSM.
암반대수층 지하수 인공함양 시험에 대한 열-수리 모델링
박대희,구민호,김용철,Park, Daehee,Koo, Min-Ho,Kim, Yongcheol 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.1
An artificial recharge test aimed at investigating transport characteristics of the injected water plume in a fractured rock aquifer was conducted. The test used an injection well for injecting tap water whose temperature and electrical conductivity were different from the groundwater. Temporal and depth-wise variation of temperature and electrical conductivity was monitored in both the injection well and a nearby observation well. A highly permeable fracture zone acting as the major pathway of groundwater flow was distinctively revealed in the monitoring data. A finite element subsurface flow and transport simulator (FEFLOW) was used to investigate sensitivity of the transport process to associated aquifer parameters. Simulated results showed that aperture thickness of the fracture and the hydraulic gradient of groundwater highly affected spatio-temporal variation of temperature and electrical conductivity of the injected water plume. The study suggests that artificial recharge of colder water in a fractured rock aquifer could create a thermal plume persistent over a long period of time depending on hydro-thermal properties of the aquifer as well as the amount of injected water.
박종진,박대희,이원영,Park, Jongjin,Park, Daehee,Lee, Wonyoung 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.24 No.3
본 연구에서는 원적외선 건조 조건에 따른 홍삼 절편의 품질 특성을 알아보았다. TPC, TFC, DPPH의 경우 65도에서 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 이후에 감소하는 추세를 나타내었다. 건조온도를 65도로 고정한 후 0-90분 간 원적외선 건조를 진행했을 때, 60분에 약 10% 수분함량을 보였으며 TPC는 60-90분, TFC는 60분, DPPH는 75분에서 최고값을 나타내었다. 그리고 홍삼 절편에 원적외선, 열풍, 감압, 동결건조를 60분 간 처리한 후 비교했을 때, TPC와 TFC는 감압 및 원적외선 건조에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였으며, DPPH의 경우 열풍건조를 했을 때 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 건조 방법에 따른 홍삼 절편의 색도를 비교하였을 때, L, a, b 값은 원적외선, 열풍, 감압 건조 시 감소하였고, 동결 건조 시에는 증가하였다. This study investigated quality change of ginseng depending on far-infrared (FIR) drying methods. The ginseng was cut into 2 mm slices and measured moisture content (MC), color, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH). The color values (L, a, and b) were decreased after far-infrared (FIR) drying. As increase in drying time, color was changed. Considering quality parameters including MC, TPC, TFC, and DPPH, the optimum condition for drying was set at $65^{\circ}C$ for 60 min. Furthermore, we compared color and functional compounds depending on drying process including FIR, freeze-, vacuum, and hot-air drying. The color values of ginseng were decreased when dried using vacuum and hot-air. While the color values of ginseng were increased after freeze drying. Comparison with another drying method, FIR drying presented the highest color difference. FIR and vacuum-dried ginseng indicate higher contents of TPC and TFC than freeze- and hot air-dried ginseng. And hot-air-dried ginseng present the highest DPPH when compared to another drying methods. On the other hand, freeze dried ginseng show the lowest TPC, TFC, and DPPH.