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김형욱 ( Hyeong-wook Kim ),엄남일 ( Nam-il Um ),김우일 ( Woo-il Kim ),이영기 ( Yung-kee Lee ),김기헌 ( Ki-heon Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.36 No.4
China banned the import of solid waste at the end of 2017 due to serious environmental pollution problems caused by the illicit import and smuggling of solid wastes by illegal dealers. As a result of this measure, plastic wastes from Europe and other countries in the world have entered into the domestic plastic recycling market, and domestic recycling collection companies have refused to collect plastic waste. As a result, China’s import bans have reduced exports of domestic plastic waste by 57%, and have increased imports of plastic waste from Japan, Europe, and other countries. In addition, the prices of domestic PET, PE, and PP compression products fell due to the drop in international oil prices. Contract prices for recyclable resources in apartment complexes declined 25% in March of 2018 compared to March of 2017, and contract prices after the refusal of collection in April 2018 decreased 7% from March. In the case of solid fuel production of waste vinyl, which is difficult to separate, it is difficult to satisfy quality standards when manufacturing solid fuel because it contains foreign materials. Therefore, additional production is small in addition to the obligation to recycle due to the declining price competitiveness of solid fuel products.
김형욱 ( Hyeong-wook Kim ),엄남일 ( Namil Um ),오정근 ( Jung Keun Oh ),이영기 ( Young-kee Lee ),김기헌 ( Ki-heon Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.36 No.2
Transactions of venous resources such as products, parts, materials, etc., which have been recently used and discharged as waste, are actively underway in the East Asian region. Venous resources have the potential to be both volatile and environmentally polluting, and there is a risk that the possibility of contamination will surface if international trade is activated without institutionalized regulations of the export/import system. This type of environmental pollution has been reported in some areas such as China. In order to prevent such a situation in advance, it is necessary to establish an accurate institutional infrastructure for domestic venous resources so that the quality of the market can be maintained smoothly. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately control the illegal parts of the venous resource market through proper legal oversight of informal flow within the country.
Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC)을 이용한 혼합 유기성폐기물 bio-coal의 특성 평가
김형욱 ( Hyeong Wook Kim ),조우리 ( Woori Cho ),이재영 ( Jai-young Lee ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2020 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.37 No.2
In this study, a mixture of sewage sludge, paper sludge, and food waste was hydrothermally carbonized to produce a renewable solid fuel. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) does not need a drying step, so it is a proper method to make biofuels from wet feedstocks. Fuel properties of the bio-coals produced via HTC of mixtures of sewage sludge, paper sludge, and food waste with different ratios were characterized. As the ratio of food waste in the mixture was increased, the content of fixed carbon and heating value were increased. Coal banding analysis proved that the ratio of carbon/ hydrogen/oxygen of the bio-coals were similar to those of a low-grade coal.
다양한 평가방법을 이용한 원형 노치 CT 시편의 피로수명평가
장동주(Dong-Joo Chang),강주연(Ju-Yeon Kang),허남수(Nam-Su Huh),김진원(Jin-Weon Kim),김종성(Jong-Sung Kim),김윤재(Yun-Jae Kim),김대수(Dae-Soo Kim),김형욱(Hyeong-Wook Kim) 대한기계학회 2018 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2018 No.12
In the present work, the fatigue life of a round-notched compact tension (CT) specimen has been evaluated using two different fatigue life evaluation methods. One is Design-By-Analysis (DBA) procedure given in ASME B&PV Code, Sec. III and the other is structural stress based approach provided in ASME B&PV Code, Sec. VIII. The fatigue crack initiation tests were conducted using a round-notched CT specimen, which is made of SA312 TP316 stainless steel, under displacement-controlled cyclic condition, and then experimental fatigue initiation life of that specimen was measured. To predict fatigue life of this CT specimen using DBA based approach, 3-D elastic FE analyses were carried out using experimental condition, and fatigue life was predicted based on both design and best-fit fatigue curve of same material suggested in ASME B&PV Code, Sec. II. Moreover, the fatigue life of CT specimen was also investigated using the structural stress based approach. Finally, the fatigue lives predicted either based on DBA procedure or structural stress based approach were compared with experimental results, and the accuracy of such engineering fatigue life evaluation methods was discussed.
하수차집관로 준설토양의 콘크리트골재 적용성 평가에 관한 연구
김준하,김형욱,김인식,이재영,Kim, Joon-Ha,Kim, Hyeong Wook,Kim, In-Sik,Lee, Jai-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2017 지하수토양환경 Vol.22 No.2
Recently, the gap between demand and supply of natural aggregate has increased owing to the depletion of aggregate sources. Therefore, policy support is necessary for the stable supply of aggregate resources. Public and construction works experience problems when they do not receive a steady supply of aggregate. Further, instabilities in aggregate supply lead to increases in aggregate prices, and consequently construction costs. As a result, the likelihood of poor construction using low-grade aggregate increases. It is therefore crucial to put measures in place that deal with these issues. This study aims to reduce the load imposed by aggregate use on the environment by recycling soil dredged from sewage ducts to reduce the gap between supply and demand of fine aggregate. The dredged soil is assessed using an applicability test for quality characteristics and solidification with basic properties. This study aims to secure the safety of dredging soil and solidified objects through interior physical and chemical analyses and to utilize it as a base material for concrete solidification in the future.
출혈을 동반한 위 지방종의 내시경적 점막 절제술을 이용한 내시경적 제거
이정욱 ( Jung Wook Lee ),김수진 ( Su Jin Kim ),최철웅 ( Cheol Woong Choi ),강대환 ( Dae Hwan Kang ),김형욱 ( Hyung Wook Kim ),박수범 ( Su Bum Park ),남형석 ( Hyeong Seok Nam ),유대곤 ( Dae Gon Ryu ) 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회지 Vol.95 No.6
Most upper gastrointestinal lipomas occur in the duodenal second portion, and gastric lipomas are rare. Most lipomas are usually asymptomatic, but symptoms such as abdominal pain, intussusception, ulceration, and intestinal obstruction may occur depending on the size and location and, rarely, can cause bleeding. Endoscopic polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection, and surgical resection are the treatments of choice for lipomas with intestinal obstruction or bleeding. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding from lipoma is mostly of duodenal origin and very rarely from the stomach. Here, we report a case of successful treatment of gastric lipoma with massive bleeding by endoscopic resection. (Korean J Med 2020;95:398-403)
만성 복통과 철결핍빈혈로 인하여 소화기 질환으로 오인된 발작성 야간혈색소뇨증 1예
권병진 ( Byung Jin Kwon ),김형욱 ( Hyung Wook Kim ),박수범 ( Su Bum Park ),강대환 ( Dae Hwan Kang ),최철웅 ( Cheol Woong Choi ),김형진 ( Hyeong Jin Kim ),고지환 ( Ji Hwan Ko ) 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회지 Vol.95 No.1
발작성 야간혈색소뇨증은 만성적인 혈관 내 용혈, 야간혈색소뇨, 혈전색전증과 이차적 골수부전이 특징인 드문 후천적 조혈모세포 질환이다. 만성 복통과 동반된 철결핍빈혈은 소화관 암, 염증성 장질환 등의 소화기 질환으로 오인될 수 있으나 표준 검사에도 원인을 알 수 없었던 경우에는 드문 원인 질환의 감별 진단의 하나로 발작성 야간혈색소뇨증을 고려할 수 있다. 저자들은 만성 복통 및 철결핍빈혈이 동반된 환자에서 드문 원인인 발작성 야간혈색소뇨증으로 진단한 경험을 하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired disorder of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis, nocturnal hemoglobinuria, thromboembolic events and secondary bone marrow failure caused by uncontrolled complement activation. Generally, chronic abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia are considered typical symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases, but are also common in PNH. We report a case of PNH presenting with chronic abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia, along with a relevant literature review. (Korean J Med 2020;95:56-60)
굴패각 및 생물학적 광물화 작용을 이용한 Soil-cement에 관한 연구
김진관 ( Jin Gwan Kim ),김준하 ( Joon Ha Kim ),김형욱 ( Hyeong-wook Kim ),이명호 ( Myungho Lee ),이재영 ( Jai-young Lee ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2016 No.2
Soil-cement는 토양과 혼합수 및 cement를 배합하여 토양의 강도를 높이는 공법으로, 지반의 안정처리, 도로포장 등의 일정 강도가 필요한 공사에 적용되는 공법이다. 특히 흙속에 모래가 많은 비중을 차지하게 되며, 모래의 경우 국내 건설현장에서 수요는 증대하는 반면 공급은 부족한 현실이다. 최근 건설사업 분야에서 건설재료의 확보가 어려워짐으로 인해 하천 및 해상에서의 골재 채취가 필연적으로 발생한다. 이러한 골재의 채취는 무한한 것이 아니며 자연환경 및 생태계의 파괴와 같은 문제점이 나타나고 있다. 또한, Soil-cement에 사용되는 cement는 유연탄을 원료로 사용하고 있으나 유연탄은 수입에 의존하고 있으며, 광물산업은 우리나라 산업공정 분야에서 CO<sub>2</sub> 발생량의 약 99.5%를 차지하여 환경문제를 야기하고 있다. 위와 같은 문제들을 해결하기 위해서 굴패각을 대체 재료로 활용하며, cement의 사용량 감소로 인한 강도저하 방지를 위해 생물학적 광물화를 이용하였다. 굴패각은 우리나라 남해에서 꾸준히 생산되고 있으며 연간 25만 톤이 발생된다. 그러나 대부분의 굴패각이 재활용 되고 있지 않아 불법매립 및 인근 해양의 오염 피해를 입히고 있는 실정이다. 위와 같은 점을 고려하여 모래를 대체할 수 있는 재료로 굴패각을 사용 하였다. 또한, 환경문제를 야기하는 cement의 사용량을 줄이면 강도가 감소하게 되는데, 저하되는 강도를 방지하기 위해 생물학적 광물화를 이용하였으며, 메커니즘은 미생물이 Urea를 분해하면서 탄산이온과 암모늄이온을 생성하고 탄산이온과 수용액에 용해된 염화칼슘의 칼슘이온이 결합하여 탄산칼슘을 형성하여 침전물의 형태로서 토립자의 공극사이를 채우는 역할을 한다. 굴패각은 사업장 일반폐기물로서 기본적인 중금속 실험을 실시하였고 대체 재료로서의 특성과 미생물의 강도증진을 확인하기 위해 토성분석 및 일축압축강도 등의 실험을 실시하였다.