투고환영 / 불교결의 (佛敎決疑) - 제 57 회문답 단경의 자의를 뭇슴니다

김일구 불교사(불교) 1930 불교사 불교 Vol.76 No.-

글로리아 웰란의 아동소설 속의 다문화적 조망

김일구 현대영미어문학회 2009 현대영미어문학 Vol.27 No.1

Although she is a white intellectual female writer living in Northern Michigan, Gloria Whelan often likes to choose some afflicted Asian female teenagers as her protagonists against multi-cultural backdrops. Frequently the Asian female teenager protagonists in Whelan's fiction suffer from economical distress, the patriarchal prejudices and nondemocratic statism policies. Just to name a few, the deprivation of education, food shortage, the notion of preferring a son to a daughter, and the strict regulation of the number of births in a family are the harsh realities the Asian girls must overcome in the fiction and reality as well. Many Asian readers, however, are apt to be suspicious of this white affluent female's imaginative description of other cultures to which she doesn't belong. However, through the exhaustive study of Asian cultures, Whelan satisfies even the Asian readers' fastidious tastes by providing the authentic connection of different cultures. The females' ubiquitous concerns and perspectives in writing, work, self-respect and tenacity seem to efface even the cultural demarcations leading all the afflicted women around the world into the female continuum.

Allegory and Postmodern Science Fiction

김일구 한국현대영어영문학회 2009 현대영어영문학 Vol.53 No.2

Allegories are not, as some modernists suppose, the simplistic, didactic, and inferior form of rhetoric. More often than not, allegorical structures in literature are dynamic, complicated, and systematic. Presenting to us the time travel, alternative universes, and encounters with aliens, science fiction among the various literary genres usually takes the form of allegorical fictions through which the limited set of perspectives in realistic forms can be overcome. The future described in science fiction reflects the present-day conflict like holding up a cracked mirror. Covering the wide range of unfamiliar things, allegorical narratives in science fiction show us the ambiguous yet intriguing clues to revelatory truths which are often comparable to mythology or religion. In this paper, I first observed the growing importance of technology and its allegorical presentations in science fiction as the chaotic narratives. In the next chapter I analyzed how the systematic allegories in the postmodern science fiction can be applied to prolific interpretations of cultural ideologies and transcendental desires. In conclusion, I emphasized the significance of deanthropomorphic allegories in postmodern environments as the vital extended metaphor which can lead us to go beyond the metonymical and paranoid world.

Hermes and Hun-Dun: The Western and Eastern Personification

김일구 대한영어영문학회 2008 영어영문학연구 Vol.34 No.4

In this paper I compared Hermes and Hun-Dun to grasp the characteristics of the Western and Eastern personification. As the Hermes myths show in various narratives, personification and anthropomorphism have been pervasive in the Western culture since long ago. On the contrary Hun-Dun in the Eastern culture represents a revolt against what was perceived as anthropomorphism and order. As the representative form of chaos, Hun-Dun has remained in the Eastern culture as “the necessary other and the opaque turbulence that challenges and complements the transparency of order.” Rather, avoiding the violence inherent in personifications, the amorphous forms of cosmocentrism such as the Greek’s Gaia and Chinese Pangu reveal the ancient people’s ecological wisdom on organic planetary systems by pursuing a more holistic approach and illuminating the corresponding interaction between nature and the human spirit.

비트율-왜곡 최적화된 DCT 계수 분할을 이용한 다중 표현 동영상 압축 방법

김일구,조남익,Kim, Il-Koo,Cho, Nam-Ik 대한전자공학회 2002 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.39 No.6

본 논문에서는 다중 표현(Multiple Description)과 비트율-왜곡 연산자(rate-distortion operator)를 이용하여 에러가 발생하기 쉬운 환경에서 사용될 수 있는 강인한 동영상 압축 알고리듬을 제안한다. 하나의 비디오 스트림을 두 개의 연관된 표현 (description)으로 나누기 위해 과잉 비트율-왜곡(redundancy rate-distortion : RRD) 기준을 사용하였다. 제안하는 방법은 새로 추가한 비트율-왜곡 연산자와 새로 제안된 최적화 방법을 통해 기존의 RRD 기반 방법들보다 최적화 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한 실질적인 에러 환경을 고려한 새로운 왜곡 측정법(distortion measure)을 정의하였다. 제안하는 다중 표현 동영상 압축기는 H.263 표준을 기반으로 하기 때문에 각각의 표현은 H.263 표준 디코더를 사용하여 독립적으로 디코딩 될 수 있다. 또한, 기존의 방법과는 달리 손실된 표현에 대한 복잡한 예측과정이 없어도 간단한 병합 과정을 통해 여러 개의 표현을 하나의 스트림으로 디코딩 할 수 있다. 모의 실험 결과, 제안하는 다중 표현 동영상 압축 방법은 기존의 다중 표현 분할(multiple description split) 방법보다 모든 비트율에서 더 좋은 성능을 보임을 알 수 있다. We propose an algorithm for the robust transmission of video in error prone environment based on multiple description (MD) scheme and simple rate-distortion operators. The redundancy rate-distortion (RRD) criteria is used to split a one-layer compressed video stream into two correlated descriptions. The proposed algorithm can find more candidate points on the RRD curve than the conventional RRD based methods. A new distortion measure is also defined in this paper, which considers more realistic error environments. Since the proposed MD video coder is based on the standard H.263 coder, each description can be decoded independently by the standard H.263 decoder. Also, several descriptions can be decoded into a single stream by additional merge stage and the H.263 decoder. Simulation results show that the proposed MD video coder yields better performance than the conventional MD splitting algorithm at all bitrates both in single and two description cases.

Nature as Grace: A Comparative Ecological Study of The Water Babies, Sim Cheong and Princess Bari

김일구 대한영어영문학회 2008 영어영문학연구 Vol.34 No.1

Children and nature are not yet highly regarded in Korea because they are not the responsible or acting agent unlike adult and technology. However, as the pure mirrors reflecting human society interacting with nature, the sacrifice of children and their rebirth through water in children’s literature such as Princess Bari, Sim Cheong and The Water Babies reveal both the idealized value-laden ecosystem and some moral conflicts in human society. This study aims at the recovery of the innocence of children and affinity with nature in our postindustrial society, and argues that the sacrifice of children through water is commonly used in the texts as a source of inspiration, implying the importance of ecocentric values in our efforts to recover wholeness, along with the cultural differences of ecological and societal ethics. Overall, the victimization of innocent children in these stories is the very process of kenotic ethics toward great Love for all living and non-living things. By emptying our selves through the tears of sacrificed children, we can come closest to the heart of the ecosystem.

글로리아 웰란의 다문화소설 속의 아시아계 소녀에 대한 조망

김일구 신영어영문학회 2009 신영어영문학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2009 No.1

생존을 위한 환경수립 - 옥타비어 버틀러의 『완전변이세대』삼부작

김일구 신영어영문학회 2006 신영어영문학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2006 No.1

λ/2 Retardation Film을 이용한 3단계 투과율 가변 스마트윈도우 제작

김일구,양호창,박영민,서요한,홍영규,이승현 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2023 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.30 No.3

본 연구에서는 Reactive mesogen (RM) 기반 λ/2 위상지연 필름과 편광필름을 이용하여 3단계로 투과율 가변이가능한 스마트윈도우 제조 기술을 제안한다. λ/2 위상지연 필름은 위상차 (Γ) 값이 π (Δn·d=λ/2)이며, 위상지연 필름에 입사된 빛의 진행방향을 필름의 광축에 대칭된 각도로 변환시키는 특징이 있다. 위상지연 필름의 Δn·d 값이 λ/2에 근접할수록 변환 특성이 우수하기 때문에 본 연구에서는 복굴절 물질인 RM 두께별 retardation (Δn·d) 특성 평가를 통해 Δn·d가 λ/ 2(=275 nm@550 nm)에 근접한 276.1 nm의 값을 갖는 위상지연 필름을 제작하였다. 최종적으로 (편광필름)/(유리기판)/(배향막)/(λ/2 retardation film) 구조의 스마트윈도우를 제작하여 투과모드, 반투과모드, 차단모드에서의 광 투과 특성을 평가하였다. 평가결과 투과율은 각각 35.8%, 27.8%, 18.2%의 값을 나타내었으며, 이를 통해 λ/2 위상지연 필름을 이용하여 3 단계로 투과율 제어 가능함을 확인하였다. 또한 150×200 mm2 크기의 스마트윈도우를 구현함으로써 건축물, 자동차 등 다양한 분야의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. A fabrication of smart windows with controllable visible light transmittance in three steps by using λ/2 retardation films based on a reactive mesogen (RM) material and polarizing films is demonstrated. The phase retardation films with a Δn·d value of λ/2 (λ: wavelength) convert the direction of a traveling light to the optical axis of the film symmetrically. In this work, the retardation characteristics according to the RM thickness were evaluated and henceλ/2 phase retardation film can be fabricated. The phase retardation film with Δn·d of 276.1 nm, which is close to λ/2 (=275 nm @550 nm), was fabricated. The light transmittance of a smart window with the structure of (polarizing film)/(glass)/(alignment layer)/(λ/2 retardation film) was measured in the transmission mode, half mode and blocking mode. The evaluation results show that the transmittance of the smart window can be controlled in three steps with 35.8%, 27.8%, and 18.2% at each mode, respectively. In addition, by fabricating a smart window with a size of 150×200 mm2, the feasibility of use in various fields such as buildings and automobiles was verified.

온코마우스와 오브라이언의 NIMH의 쥐를 통해본 테크노사이언스와 인류의 미래

김일구 현대영미어문학회 2007 현대영미어문학 Vol.25 No.3

This paper compares Robert C. O'Brien's second novel Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH (1971) with Donna Haraway's Oncomouse discourses. Fictive or realistic, both mice are enslaved and distressed by humans' scientific experiments. Although the rats of NIMH are transformed into the superintelligent mice, they finally choose to live in the Thorn Valley where they have no fear of having the miserable fate of Oncomouse. I also added Korean stories of guinea pigs and personified mice to stress the multicultural affinity between animal and human being, along with the warning against the pervasive, inhuman treatment of the animals. The ending of this paper highlights the importance of "modest witness" for the future of humanity in order not to be harmed by the unpredictable technoscience.