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김생기,이호성,김종덕 전북대학교 의과학연구소 1985 全北醫大論文集 Vol.9 No.1
1979년 1월 1일부터 1983년 12월 31일까지 만 5년동안 전북의대 부속병원 산부인과에서 입원가료한 자궁파열환자 25례를 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 자궁파열의 발생빈도는 131:1, 즉 0.76%였고 과거 5년간 감소되는 경향은 없었다. 2. 연령별 자궁파열 빈도는 26~30세에서 높았으며 모두 경산부였고 분만회수 별로는 제왕절개 후 반혼파열과 외상성 파열은 기왕분만회수가 1~2회 군에서 높았으나 자연 자궁파열은 3회군에서 높았다. 3. 자궁파열의 원인적 요소는 자연자궁파열이 12례로 48%, 가해파열이 7례로 28%, 제왕절개 후 반혼파열이 6례로 24%였다. 4. 자궁파열의 임상증상은 질출혈, 하복부통, 태아심음소실, 쇽크 증상 등이 가장 많았다. 5. 치료는 원칙적으로 전자궁적출술을 했으며 환자의 상태 및 파열부위와 그 성상에 따라 단순 봉합술도 시행하였다. 수혈량은 환자 1인당 평군 4.5Pints 였다. 6. 모체사망율은 4.0%였으며 태아사망율은 68.0%였다.
김생기 聖潔大學校 人文科學硏究所 1997 人文科學論叢 Vol.2 No.-
SUMMARYThis study is to present a historical sketch on policies of fishing banks regarding possessive methods of whether the dynastic fisheries were privately owned or state owned and how fishermen were dominated by the rulling classes in the former period of the dynasty. Although the dynastic fishing was in output imcomparatbly inferior to agriculture, the dynasty was highly concerned with inferior to agriculture, the dynasty was highly concerned with aquatic products for their living. In accord with the monarchic land system, which was oriented toward nationalization land through the Kwajun law (科田法) or Yi Sung-gyae, the rulers early made an attempt to nationalize all the fishing grounds leading to obstructing monopoly of the most distinguished families. They planned on establishing the government managed fisheries based on the state ownership and imposing tithese on all the people relevant to the fishing industry but in vain. Furthermore, the most influential families and officers tried to get possession of fishing banks beginning the times of King Tae-jong and monpolized a lot of profits from them without levying taxes. Thus, the court reassured the nationalized fisheries through the Kyungkuktaejun(經國大典), a code compiled by King Saejo ;the law provides that all the fishing banks of the country be sorted and registered by provinces : the offenders against the law be punished : and the fishing grounds save those under direct management of the court be loaned to the poor for three years. But in course of time, various kinds of irregular possessions in fisheries came out against the law ; lots of fishing grounds were given to influential families and subjects, ministers, the royal families, and metritorious officers and later on transmitted into hereditary estates : the Naesusa(內需司) and the Kungbank(宮房) came to be in possession of fisheries : and especially after ImjinOeran(壬辰亂), a japanese invasion in 1592, fisheries belonging to high offices of the dynasty got increased all over the country. As a result of private-ownering fisheries, tithes which played a major role in th dynastic treasure were not levied on the upper classes like influential families and subjects manisters the royal families, and metritorious officers while on the other most of fishing laborers were groaned under heavy gurden of taxation, and reduced to starving. It was in the Kyoon Yuk law (均役法) that the dynasty made an attempt to settle those problems of fishing property and taxation through the national-wide policy toward nationalization of fisheries without result.