저자 동시 인용 연결망 분석을 통한 스포츠사회학의 지적 구조 규명:20년간의 한국스포츠사회학회지 분석

김경식 한국스포츠사회학회 2014 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.27 No.4

This study was to examine knowledge structure of sports sociology through social network analysis of authors co-citation. This study analyzed Korean Journal of Sociology of Sport which were published from 1993 (first number) to 2012 during 20 years and divided 3rd times. To analyze data, Netminer 4.0 and social network analysis were used. The conclusion is following: Firstly, the knowledge structure of sports sociology was being evolved and showed up a paradigm according to period. The more the time was elapsed, The more the ranking of citations authors were changed in network centrality. In degree centrality, first time was in order of Burnjang Lim, Iso-Ahola, Jonggil Lee, Jongyoung Lee, Williams, McPherson, Raghebm Kenyon, Coakley, Snyder, Jinkyung Park et al, 2nd time was in order of Burnjang Lim, Smith, McPherson, Jongyoung Lee, Younglin Chung, Changmo Goo, Kenyon, Jonggil Lee, Coakley, Jackson, Spreitzer et al, and 3rd time was in order of Keunmo Lee, Burngjang Lim, Younglin Chung, Hyomin Kang, Shinwook Kang, Youngmi Kim, Sangwoo Nam, Nammi Lee, Heejoon Chung, Minseok Ahn et al,. In betweenness centrality, first time was in order of Burnjang Lim, Jongyoung Lee, Minseok Ahn, Changmo Goo, Hongseol Kim, Younglin Chung, leejoong Yoon et al. 2nd time was in order of Jongyoung Lee, Burnjang Lim, Younglin Chung, Hyomin Kang, Kyungsik Kim, Suwon Lim, Yangrae Kim, Jonggil Lee, Jinkyung Park, Keunmo Lee et al. 3rd time was in order of Keunmo Lee, Suwon Lim, Kyungsik Kim, Changmo Goo, Sangwoo Nam, Changsub Lee, Nammi Lee, Heejoon Chung, Jongyoung Lee, Eunseok Lee et al. Secondly, minority authors contributed to formation of knowledge structure of Korean sports sociology. In degree centrality of Korean authors, minority authors was Burnjang Lim, Jonggil Lee, Younglin Chung, Shinwook Kang, Changmo Goo, Jinkyung Park, Jongyoung Lee, Keunmo Lee, Kyungsik Kim, Hongseol Kim, Beomsik Kim. Foreign authors was McPherson, Coakley, Kenyon, Jackson, Smith, Loy, Williams, Iso-Ahola, Johnson, Snyder. In betweenness centrality, authors was Burnjang Lim, Jongyoung Lee, Keunmo Lee, Changmo Goo, Younglin Chung, Kyungsik Kim, Hyomin Kang, Jinkyung Park. 이 연구는 저자 동시 인용 연결망 분석을 통한 스포츠사회학의 지적 구조를 규명하였다. 이를 위해 이 연구는 1993년 창간호부터 2012년 12월까지 20년 동안 발간된 한국스포츠사회학회지를 대상으로 3시기로 구분하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구의 타당도는 전문가회의를 통해 검증하였으며, 자료처리는 NetMiner 프로그램을 활용하였다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 저자 동시 인용 연결망 분석을 통한 한국 스포츠사회학의 지적 구조는 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화하였으며, 패러다임이 존재하였다. 즉, 1기(정체성 확립기, 1993년∼2002년 1호)에서 2기(도약기, 2002년 2호∼2008년 2호)를 거쳐 3기(발전기, 2008년 3호∼2012년)로 진행할수록 피인용 저자의 중앙성 순위가 변동하였다. 활동중앙성과 매개중앙성의 경우 1기에서 상위권에 위치한 저자들이 1기의 영향력으로 2기에서도 상위권에 유지되었다. 3기에는 1, 2기와 상이하게 새로운 저자나 기존에 중하위권에 있던 저자들이 상위권으로 이동하는 변화를 보였다. 둘째, 20년간 소수의 저자가 한국 스포츠사회학의 지적 구조 형성에 상대적으로 크게 기여하였다. 활동중앙성의 경우 국내 학자는 임번장, 이종길, 정영린, 강신욱, 구창모, 박진경, 이종영, 이근모, 김경식, 김홍설, 김범식 등, 외국 학자는 McPherson, Coakley, Kenyon, Jackson, Smith, Loy, Williams, Iso-Ahola, Johnson, Snyder 등의 저자가 높다. 매개중앙성의 경우 국내 저자는 임번장, 이종영, 이근모, 구창모, 정영린, 김경식, 강효민, 박진경 등의 저자가 높다. 피인용 저자의 연결망은 소수의 저자가 다수의 저자에 의해 인용되는 멱함수 분포를 보였으며, 스포츠사회학의 지적 구조 형성에 기여한 저자군은 총 4개의 군집으로 나타났다. 인용과 피인용 저자 간의 관계는 인용과 피인용이 ‘전혀 없는 유형’이 가장 많았고, ‘한 저자가 다른 한 저자의 논문을 인용하는 유형’, ‘두 저자가 한 저자의 논문을 인용하는 유형’ 등의 순으로 많았다.

海洋戰略理論의 現代的 考察

김경식,김경식 해군대학 1992 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.74

예비교사들의 눈에 비춰진 교실붕괴 현상

김경식 경북대학교 사범대학 부속 중등교육연구소 2005 중등교육연구 Vol.53 No.2

이 연구는 교육실습을 수행하는 예비교사들의 눈을 통해 교실붕괴 현상에 대한 지난번 조사연구(박윤배 · 김경식, 2002a)를 확인하고자 하였다. 예비교사들이 지각한 교실붕괴의 모습은 그들이 교육실습을 경험한 학교와 수준, 드리고 그들이 지도한 교과에 따라 차이가 있었다. 교실붕괴의 모습을 확인할 수 없었다는 부류와 그렇지 않다는 부류가 있지만, 대체로 그 모습은 선행연구와 같이 중학교보다 고등학교에서, 일반고교보다 실업고교에서, 입시에 직접적인 관련이 있는 교과시간보다 그렇지 않는 시간에서 두드러졌다. 즉, 교실붕괴의 두드러진 모습은 하나의 흐름으로 수업준비 소홀, 수업 중 딴짓하기, 수업에 대한 열의부족에 따른 낮은 수업 참여도 등이었으며, 이러한 소극적인 형태는 일상화된 교실문화로 나타나고 있다. The purpose of this study was to identify the classroom crisis perceived by student teachers. For this study, the data were corrected by student teachers' observation and interviews at middle and high school, in Taegu and Kyoungpook areas. Like as the result of Park & Kim's research(2002), the student teachers generally perceived the classroom crisis in the high school higher than that in the middle school, and especially in the vocational school higher than that in the general high school. The classroom crisis was manifested as the students lacked the instructional preparation and participation, and overdid the deviant behavior(sleeping and meaningless speeches) during a lesson hour. These appearance were trending in the classroom. As reason of the classroom crisis, the student teachers pointed out the teachers who lacked the teaching ability and enthusiasm. On the solutions, they suggested achieving the professionalism of teachers.

손잡이/발판 컨트롤러를 이용한 걷기게임 '팔도강산2' 개발 및 효과성 연구

김경식,오성석,안준희,안진호 한국게임학회 2013 한국게임학회 논문지 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구진에서 이번에 개발한 '팔도강산2'는 노인용 기능성게임으로서 2011년에 개발한 '팔도강산1'(팔걸이와 발판을 이용하여 2인이 걷는 PC 운동게임)의 후속 작이며 걷기운동에 노인들의 인지, 신체, 심리 기능을 추가한 게임이다. 현대생활에서의 장보기(몰워킹)를 게임 속에서 구현하였으며, 70년대의 재래시장을 배경으로 기억한 물품을 사오는 장보기 걷기 운동 게임이다. 유사한 맥락으로 걷기가 어려운 노인과 장애인용으로 미니게임도 2종 개발하였다. 아산 노인종합복지관에서 65세이상 고령자 219명을 대상으로 실험하여 효과성을 테스트한 결과 게임 플레이가 기억력, 집중력, 활력도에 긍정적인 효과가 있다고 평가되었다. We have developed a serious game for the elderly named 'Paldokangsan 2' in 2012 as a next version of 'Paldokangsan 1'. 'Paldokangsan 1' was a walking game for two people using controllers of armrests and footboards with PC. 'Paldokangsan 2' had additional purpose to assist cognitive, physical, and psychological functions of the elderly. Especially, walking activity was implemented in a way that a player walks around the old traditional market place in 1970's while remembering and choosing healthy food to buy. We also developed two mini games for the elderly and people with functional disability with the similar purpose as 'Paldokangsan2'. 219 older adults (age≥- 65) recruited from Asan city community center participated in the study. The result showed that the game play exerted positive effects on memory, concentration and vitality of the elderly.

一部 農村地域 未婚女性의 家族計劃에 對한 知識 및 態度에 關한 調査

金敬植 서울大學校 保健大學院 1974 公衆保健雜誌 Vol.11 No.2

A survey was carried out during the period from July 25 to August 2, 1974, to obtain information on knowledge and attitude of family planning. Interviewed were 285 unmarried women dwelling in Wabu-Myun, Yangju-Gun, Kyunggi-Do, a typical rural area of Korea. 1. Of those interviewed, 53.7% were primary school graduates and 40% were graduates of middle school. 50% of those who graduated from middle school were between 15~19 age group, while 17.2% were between 20∼24 age group. 72.4% of those interviewed had no religious preference. 11.6% were newspaper subscribers, and 91.2% had radios. 2. The percentage of those with 5 siblings was 29.5%; with 6 siblings, 16.8%; with 4 siblings 11.6%; and with 7 siblings 10.4%; with an average of 5.6±2.1 siblings per interviewee. 3. About 55% felt that they had a desirable number of siblings, 32.6% felt they had too many, and 12.6% felt they had too few. Of those with 1∼3 siblings, approximately 2/3 felt they had too few; 2/3 of 4∼5 siblings felt they bad a desirable number; 1/2 of 6∼7 siblings they had too many; 2/3 of 8∼10 siblings also felt they had too many. 4. The 32.6% of the respondents felt that the ideal number of siblings was 3, another 32.6% felt the ideal number was 4, 17.9% felt the ideal number was 5, and 7, 4% felt the ideal number was 2, with 4 as the overall average desirable number. It was observed that the ideal number of siblings was high among these respondents who actually had the great number of siblings. 5. About 69% of those with 8∼10 siblings felt it was absolutely necessary to have one or more brothers, and 92.5% of those with 4∼5 siblings felt brothers were essential, an average of 83.6% expressing. 6. The ideal number of offspring was felt to be 3(2 boys and 1 girl) by 43.2% and 2 (1 boy and 1 girl) by 16.8%, an overall average ideal number of children was 3.3. This was a tendency for those with larger number of siblings to be satisfied with fewer children. 7. It was felt by 63.3% that the ideal marriage age is 24∼25 years old and 32.6% felt to be 22∼23 years old. Irrespective of their present age, most respondents preferred later rather than earlier marriages, and contrasted somewhat with the tendency of urban women to prefer earlier marriages. 8. About 70% had heard about family planning, while 29.5% had not heard about it. Of those between 20∼24 age group, 86.2% had heard of family planning, 43.1% learned of family planning through mass media, and 30.5% learned from friend and neighbors. Exposure to family planning information averaged 1.3 per person. 9. The 65% had knowledge of some method of contraception, while 34.4% had no knowledge of any means. Of those between 20∼24 age group, 82.7% had some knowledge of contraceptive method. 57.9% expressed knowledge of oral pill contraceptive which had been used extensively in rural areas for long time. 42.1% knew of the intrauterine loop (IUD), and 33.7% knew the vasectomy method. The rhythm and coitus interrupts method is generally not felt to be reliable system and only few know it. 10. The 59% understand the purpose of the nationwide family planning campaign and the necessary for its success, and 41.1% expressed little understanding. 75.9% of those between 20~24 age group expressed understanding, and 83.0% of those with an educationa1 level of middle school graduate or higher expressed understanding, indicating that the degree of understanding increase with age and educational background. 11. About 67% were is favor of family planning 2. 1% were against, and 30.5% had no opinion 82.8% of 20∼24 age group were in favor of family planning, while 37.9% of 15∼19 age group expressed no opinion. It is felt that a significant percentage will reflect approving opinions with increased maturity.

집단미술치료가 시설유아의 자아존중감에 미치는 효과

김경식 한국예술심리치료학회 2009 예술심리치료연구 Vol.5 No.2

This study is to examine whether and how much group art therapy can help the orphans in an asylum develop their self-esteem. The subjects of this study are four infants living in asylum S located in metropolitan area D. This group art therapy was designed totally 16 times for 1~2 hours per time from the 25th of October, 2005 through the 27th of December, 2005. To evaluate the difference of participants' self-esteem by before and after group art therapy, the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) was used to measure the self-esteem of those participants and Kinetic-House, Tree, Person(K-HTP) was also used to evaluate for their pictures. The data was analyzed by SPSSWIN Version 12.0 and then it was evaluated Wilcoxon Ranks Sum. The change of before and after of K-HTP was stated to find the effect of group art therapy about psychological changes which can't be found on a statistical chart of self-esteem. The results were followings. First, by analyzing the difference between the former and the latter group art therapy, the latter self-esteem of Infants in the orphan Asylum measured with Self-Esteem Scale(SES) more increased 6.25points on an average score than the fomer Group Art Therapy (Z=-1.841, p<.10). As the result by the latter group art therapy the subjects' self-esteem were significantly improved. Second, as a result of before and after of K-HTP, on the before pictures, most of the group members showed low self-esteem by drawing unstable angle , placement, risky houses and trees which indicate they intend to be dependent and prudent. On the after pictures, they draw pictures properly on all over the whole canvaes and improvements of their self esteem were proved by stable houses and bigger stem and water pipe of the trees. Therefore, the effect of Group Art Therapy has an effect on improvement of self esteem for orphan children. This study is to examine whether and how much group art therapy can help the orphans in an asylum develop their self-esteem. The subjects of this study are four infants living in asylum S located in metropolitan area D. This group art therapy was designed totally 16 times for 1~2 hours per time from the 25th of October, 2005 through the 27th of December, 2005. To evaluate the difference of participants' self-esteem by before and after group art therapy, the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) was used to measure the self-esteem of those participants and Kinetic-House, Tree, Person(K-HTP) was also used to evaluate for their pictures. The data was analyzed by SPSSWIN Version 12.0 and then it was evaluated Wilcoxon Ranks Sum. The change of before and after of K-HTP was stated to find the effect of group art therapy about psychological changes which can't be found on a statistical chart of self-esteem. The results were followings. First, by analyzing the difference between the former and the latter group art therapy, the latter self-esteem of Infants in the orphan Asylum measured with Self-Esteem Scale(SES) more increased 6.25points on an average score than the fomer Group Art Therapy (Z=-1.841, p<.10). As the result by the latter group art therapy the subjects' self-esteem were significantly improved. Second, as a result of before and after of K-HTP, on the before pictures, most of the group members showed low self-esteem by drawing unstable angle , placement, risky houses and trees which indicate they intend to be dependent and prudent. On the after pictures, they draw pictures properly on all over the whole canvaes and improvements of their self esteem were proved by stable houses and bigger stem and water pipe of the trees. Therefore, the effect of Group Art Therapy has an effect on improvement of self esteem for orphan children.

팔걸이/발판 컨트롤러를 이용한 걷기게임 '팔도강산' 개발 및 효과성 연구

김경식,오성석,안진호,이선형,임경춘 한국게임학회 2011 한국게임학회 논문지 Vol.11 No.6

본 연구진에서 개발 및 효과성을 연구한 '팔도강산'은 집에서 즐기는 전국명승지 구경을 컨셉으로 하는 여가활용 및 노인 복지형 게임이며 팔걸이와 발판 컨트롤러를 이용하는 사용자의 걷기행위를 통해서 진행하는 게임이다. 개발된 게임을 통해서 기대하는 효과성은 상호 협력과 경쟁을 통한 운동 체감성의 대리만족과, 노인들이 게임플레이를 통해서 얻는 활동력 및 지적기능 유지 등의 놀이치료 효과이다. 천안 노인종합복지관에서 65세 이상 노인 309명을 대상으로 테스트 실험한 결과 전체 실험자의 76.1%가 게임플레이에 전반적으로 만족한다고 답변하였고, 게임의 흥미도는 5점 만점에 평균 4.13점으로 조사되었다. 다시 게임을 플레이하겠냐는 질문에서 전체 응답자중 89.4%가 긍정적인 반응으로 설문에 응답했다. 노인들을 위한 관용성과 체감성이 살려진 기능성 게임을 개발하였음을 발견했다. We have developed a serious game for the game-aided human life and entertainment for the elders with the concept of enjoying scenic beauties in Korea walking in the room using controllers of armrests and footboards with PC. The expected effects of the game are the satisfaction of bodily sensation with cooperation and competition, and also remedy by entertainment such as vital power, maintaining mental functions with the game playing. We have tested 309 elders who were more than 65 years old in Cheonan city community center for the elderly. 76.1% of them answered they were satisfied totally for the game play, average grade for the interest/fun of the game was 4.13 points with full 5 points. 89.4% of them replied they would like to play the game again. We found the intended permissiveness and coenesthesia of the game was appealing to elders.

아웃도어 레크리에이션관광 자원의 개발과 보존 방안

김경식 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2012 한국여가레크리에이션학회 학술세미나자료집 Vol.2012 No.12

미디어 빅데이터를 통해 본 캠핑 트렌드 분석

김경식,한승백,한승진,이연주 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2019 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.43 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze camping trends over the past decade using Big Data. To do this, we selected newspaper articles from 2009 to 2018 on camping topics and analyzed the network of camping related key words. The subjects of the analysis were a total of 5,604 articles reported by eight major newspapers nationwide on camping. The results of the big data analysis for the key words were as follows. First, top-ranked camping key words that appeared almost every year in recent decades were 'family', 'weekend', and 'nature'. Camping trends that could be learned through these key words could be said to be ‘camping in the nature with the family on the weekend.’ Second, as a result of analyzing the network of camping key words that appeared in the newspaper media in recent 10 years, five keyword sub-groups that could represent the last 10 years were identified. In detail, group 1 was the popularity and market size of camping tourism, group 2 was camping and camping equipment in nature away from an urban area, group 3 was camping with dad, children and family, group 4 was campsite and program in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, and group 5 is camping business, start-up strategy and education in Japan. Third, camping trends that were obtained by analyzing the camping key words in recent 10 years were media-oriented camping diversification, diversification of camping method, activation of camping activities, luxury camping and its marketing. Through the camping trends of the last decade revealed as a result of this study, we are able to understand some of the leisure culture of camping in Korean society.

春秋戰國時代의 學術思想의 發達과 敎育思想 小考

金璟植 圓光大學校 敎育問題硏究所 1985 敎育硏究 Vol.- No.4