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강정인 서강대학교 철학연구소 2011 철학논집 Vol.27 No.-
이 글의 목적은 현대 한국정치사에서 1961년부터 1979년까지 가장 강력한 권 위주의 체제를 구축했던 박정희 대통령이 생산한 ‘민주주의’에 대한 담론을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 먼저 분석의 기본 틀에 해당하는 한국 정치의 특징인 ‘이중적 정치 질서의 중첩적 병존’과 ‘민주주의로 분식( )된 권위주의’에 대해 논할 것이다. 이어 서 박정희가 고안한 민주주의에 대한 세 가지 개념, 즉 ‘행정적 민주주의’(군정단계), ‘민족적 민주주의’(제3공화국), ‘한국적 민주주의’(유신체제)를 중심으로 그의 민주주의 담론이 지닌 내용상의 지속성과 변화를 살펴 볼 것이다. 또한 박정희가 제시한 세 가 지 민주주의 개념은 ‘서구식 민주주의’ 또는 선거·정당·의회를 중심으로 정치 엘리트 사이의 경쟁과 갈등을 제도화한 ‘정치적 민주주의’를 한국적 실정에 알맞게 수정·변형 하고자 한 것이기 때문에, 필자는 이 세 가지 민주주의를 서구식(또는 정치적) 민주주 의에 대한 박정희의 입장과 대비하여 분석할 것이다. 마지막으로 세 가지 민주주의에 대한 필자의 분석을 종합적으로 검토하면서 글을 마무리할 것이다.
강정인,이지윤 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2013 Korea Journal Vol.53 No.3
This article speculatively explores comparative political philosophy from an East Asian perspective. First, the article presents the objective conditions that are currently facilitating the shift away from Western-centrism in favor of a more polycentric world, particularly the urgent need to create global common goods through international cooperation and the recent strong economic performance by non-Western regions and nations. Then, methodological ideas are suggested for conducting comparative political theory that traverses and links seemingly contradictory theories. Concepts such as transversality and cross-cultural dialogue are discussed, along with biological concepts such as homology, analogy, and convergent/divergent evolution. Whereas transversality provides the basic foundation for a comparative political theory, cross-cultural dialogue supplies a concrete method to apply the theory. The guiding spirit can come from evolutionary theory, which demonstrates that people and civilizations are never in a state of stasis or immutability, but rather exist as a steadily flowing and ever-changing wave.
Politics and Truth: An Analysis of Richard E. Kim’s Novel, The Martyred
강정인 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2007 Korea Journal Vol.47 No.2
In his novel, The Martyred,Richard E. Kim, a Korean-American novel-ist, raises fascinating questions with regard to politics and truth: (1) Isit possible to uphold Christian truth in the contemporary condition?And, (2) is it desirable to reveal the ugly truth to the masses regardlessof its possible impact upon our political community? While the firstquestion is concerned with religious, transcendental truth, the secondtakes issue with factual truth. These two questions are intertwined insuch a complex and intricate way in the novel that it is difficult tounravel the two in a compelling way. This essay analyzes the relation-ship between politics and truth in terms of these two issues that havebeen addressed throughout the novel.
Comparative Analysis of Eastern and Western Tyranny: Focusing on Aristotle and Mencius
강정인,엄관용 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2003 Korea Journal Vol.43 No.4
The purpose of this essay is to show that there has been a strong tradition in Confucian political thought which criticizes and resists tyranny and even justifies revolta revolution against it, contrary to the perennial Western assumption that tyranny is fit suitable for for Asia. In order to do this, first of all, wWee will first examine the Aristotelian nonotion of tyranny in order to find out how Aristotle coupled tyranny and Asia were coupled in his nascent form of political Orientalism. After such examination,We will then we compare Aristotle's analysis of tyranny with the political thought of Mencius (孟子 372- 289 B.C.) to prove that there has also been a great long tradition in East Asia to checkchecking and controlcontrolling tyranny. In conclusion, tIn order to undertake such comparison, first, we examine Aristotle's analysis of tyranny in more detail. Then, we analyze Confucian analysis of tyranny focusing mainly upon Mencius's works, while comparing it with Aristotle's. This comparison will show that the Westcentric concept of Oriental despotism, which, which appeared in itsa pristine form in Aristotle and has been inherited and further strengthenedreinforced by modern and contemporary Western thinkers since Montesquieu, might not apply to the Confucian tradition of East Asia.
The Dilemma of Korean Conservatism
강정인 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2005 Korea Journal Vol.45 No.1
A paradoxical argument has been made repeatedly with regard to conservatism in Korea: “There is a conservative force, but no conservative philosophy in Korean politics. This is what I would define as the dilemma of Korean conservatism. Thus Koreansboth academic scholars and politicianshave been suffering from a perennial complex, this being the lack of a proper conservative political philosophy. However, this complex is derived from a misguided internalization of West-centrism, a phenomenon that is quite common in many contemporary Third World countries that have been spellbound by West-centrsim. When they consider conservative philosophy, they usually have a Burkean (or British) conservative political philosophy in mind. But the conditions that had led to the formation of such a conservative political philosophy have been utterly lacking in Korea. The fundamental reason for this difference is, of course, derived from the fact that the context of modernization in Korea, like many Third World countries, was radically different from that in England. Thus, I will first try to articulate the three causes for such this difference in the paper: the conservative monopoly of politics and political power, the original contradiction between political and philosophical conservatism, and the heavy dependency of Korean political theories upon outside (Western) sources for their formation and innovation. Thereafter I will suggest two strategies for nourishing philosophical conservatism in order to overcome this dilemma: one outlines a strategy of aligning political conservatism with the support for liberal democracy and the market economy more tightly, and the other is a strategy of taking advantage of traditional cultural resources such as Confucianism.