노거수 활력 측정 및 내부 부후 검출을 위한 비파괴검사법

가오유량,차병진 국립문화재연구원 2009 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.42 No.1

노거수에 큰 피해를 주지 않고 나무의 활력과 내부 부후도를 알아내는 방법에는 목질부의 전기저항치 측정, 음파전달 속도 측정(초음파 측정법), 미세천공저항력 측정, 자외선의 이용 등 몇 가지 방법이 있다. 이 중 초음파 측정법은 나무에 전혀 상처를 남기지 않으며, 굵기가 매우 굵은 나무도 측정할 수 있다는 점에서 다른 방법들보다 더 뛰어나다. 그러나 초 음파측정기는 아직까지 많이 보급되어 있지 않으며 값이 비싼 것도 단점이다. 반면에 식물조직의 전기전도도를 측정하는 Shigometer는 나무의 활력이나 내부 부후 여부를 진단하는 데 아주 유용하게 사용할 수 있는 도구이며 매우 정확한 결 과를 얻게 하여 준다. 나무의 활력은 형성층의 전기저항치로써 알 수 있으며, 내부의 부후여부는 목질부의 전기전도도를 보고 알 수 있다. 형성층 전기저항을 측정하여 나무의 활력을 판정하고자 할 때는 판정하고자 하는 것과 같은 수종을 적 어도 수 십 그루 이상 미리 조사하여 표준식(standard equation)을 만들어 두어야 한다. 나무의 전기저항을 변화시킬 수 있는 요인들은 모두 포함하여야 하며, 특히 수종과 나무의 크기, 온도 요인들은 필수적이다. 현재 우리가 보호하여야 할 노거수의 수종들에 대한 표준식을 만들어 놓는다면 필요할 때에 아주 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 특정 나무의 형성층 전기저항치를 정기적이고 지속적으로 조사하면 누적된 조사치들과 비교하여 나무의 상태를 판정할 수 있다. 부후 여부를 진단하기 위한 목질부 전기저항 측정에서는 표준식이 필요하지는 않지만 수종별로 건전한 목질부 전기전도도를 확인해 두어야 하며, 줄기의 굵기가 굵을 때는 초음파 측정기를 함께 사용하는 것이 좋다. Nondestructive methods to check the vitality of trees and to find out internal decay of old-giant trees include the use of electrical resistance, ultrasound transmission time, microdrilling, and infrared thermography etc. Among these, ultrasound transmission offers some advantages compared to others such as it is an entirely nondestructive detection method and it can be applied to very big trees. However, the ultrasound equipment is comparatively expensive and not broadly spread yet. On the other hand, Shigometer is versatile to be applied to check vitality of the tree and find out internal decay. Electrical conductivity of plant tissues is a very useful characteristics to determine the vitality and internal decay of trees. Electrical resistance of cambial area tells about the vitality of a tree and electrical resistance of heartwood reveals discoloration or decay of it. For determination of the vitality of the tree, the standard equation for calibration of measured electrical resistances should be developed by measuring and analyzing electrical resistance from at least 30-40 trees of the same species with that tree. All the factors, especially tree species, diameter of the stem, and temperature, which can altered the electrical resistance of trees, should be taken into consideration in the development of the equation. If the standard equation is developed for old-giant trees that we should conserve, it will be very useful. In addition, periodical and continued measuring of a certain tree will help to determine the condition of the tree by comparing the measurement with accumulated data of the tree. Measuring electrical resistance of wood might not require the standard equation. But it also needs to check electrical resistance of sound wood of the same tree species. If the stems that should be examined is thicker than 40cm, it is better to use the ultrasound measurement combined to Shigometer.

배추 무사마귀병 발병 억제 및 생육증진을 위한 달걀껍질 토양혼화처리 효과

가오유량,김병관,임태헌,리규화,백기엽,차병진 한국식물병리학회 2009 식물병연구 Vol.15 No.2

Before transplanting Chinese cabbage seedlings, two kinds of eggshell powder were blended into the soil of cabbage field where the clubroot pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, was infested. The incidence of clubroot disease, the shoot and root growth of cabbages, and soil pH were examined four times at 10 to 13 days interval from transplanting Chinese cabbage. As results, the cabbages treated with eggshell powder without membrane showed the fastest growth in above ground part, and the lowest disease index for clubroot disease. The cabbages treated with eggshell powder with membrane showed better growth than the cabbages of non-treated check, but lower growth than those treated with eggshell powder without membrane. Soil pH started to increase from 3 weeks after soil blending of eggshell powder, and it reached to above 8.0. However, the soil pH of non-treated check stayed at around 6.8. In the experiment to compare the effect of eggshell powder with other calcium compounds, soil-blending of CaCO3 resulted the lowest disease incidence of 1.7 and the registered fungicide, ‘flusulfamide’, and the resistant variety ‘CR Green cabbage’ followed with the incidence of 1.9. Cabbages of non-treated check scored the highest disease incidence, 3.4, and that of eggshell powder without membrane was as high as 2.7. However, the growth of Chinese cabbage showed the different pattern to the disease incidence. Chinese cabbages treated with eggshell without membrane recorded the highest average growth, around 2.1 kg. On the other hand, the average growth of CR Green Chinese cabbage was about 2.0 kg, that of flusulfamide-treatment plot was 1.7, and that of non-treated check was as low as 1.3 kg. Soil blending of eggshell powder without membrane did not inhibit the development of clubroot, but increased the growth of cabbage to a great extent. Therefore, it was confirmed that soil blending of eggshell powder before transplanting makes the Chinese cabbage culture possible even in the field infested with clubroot pathogen. Before transplanting Chinese cabbage seedlings, two kinds of eggshell powder were blended into the soil of cabbage field where the clubroot pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, was infested. The incidence of clubroot disease, the shoot and root growth of cabbages, and soil pH were examined four times at 10 to 13 days interval from transplanting Chinese cabbage. As results, the cabbages treated with eggshell powder without membrane showed the fastest growth in above ground part, and the lowest disease index for clubroot disease. The cabbages treated with eggshell powder with membrane showed better growth than the cabbages of non-treated check, but lower growth than those treated with eggshell powder without membrane. Soil pH started to increase from 3 weeks after soil blending of eggshell powder, and it reached to above 8.0. However, the soil pH of non-treated check stayed at around 6.8. In the experiment to compare the effect of eggshell powder with other calcium compounds, soil-blending of CaCO3 resulted the lowest disease incidence of 1.7 and the registered fungicide, ‘flusulfamide’, and the resistant variety ‘CR Green cabbage’ followed with the incidence of 1.9. Cabbages of non-treated check scored the highest disease incidence, 3.4, and that of eggshell powder without membrane was as high as 2.7. However, the growth of Chinese cabbage showed the different pattern to the disease incidence. Chinese cabbages treated with eggshell without membrane recorded the highest average growth, around 2.1 kg. On the other hand, the average growth of CR Green Chinese cabbage was about 2.0 kg, that of flusulfamide-treatment plot was 1.7, and that of non-treated check was as low as 1.3 kg. Soil blending of eggshell powder without membrane did not inhibit the development of clubroot, but increased the growth of cabbage to a great extent. Therefore, it was confirmed that soil blending of eggshell powder before transplanting makes the Chinese cabbage culture possible even in the field infested with clubroot pathogen.

중국여대생 피부관리 지식 및 태도가 행동에 미치는 영향

모정희(Jeong-Hee Mo),가오인(In Gao),정주임(Ju-Im Chung) 한국인체미용예술학회 2012 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.13 No.3

Since China joined the World Trade Organization(WTO) in 2001, more women have entered the workforce in Korea because of favorable market conditions such as open markets and economic growth. As a result, they have become more interested in skin care as a part of their appearance management behavior. Therefore, this study has designed a research model and hypothesis and performed a questionnaire survey in order to empirically investigate the effect of differences in skin behavior and skin care attitudes based on knowledge level of skin care behavior. A total of 402 college women in China were surveyed. The analysis method used was SPSS WIN 11.0, and data have been analyzed through descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Hence, the following results have been obtained: First, significant differences in skin care behavior were observed between high and low skin care knowledge level groups. Second, college women’s basic attitudes had a significant impact on the selection of skin care lessons and skin-related products. A passive attitude had a significant impact on the selective use of skin-related products. Third, Chinese college women’s skin care knowledge had a significant impact on the selection of skin care products. Fourth, Chinese college women’s knowledge of skin care had a significant impact on their skin care behavior. In other words, the selective use of skin care products had a significant impact on skin care behavior. It was confirmed that college women in China were more active in terms of skin care-related education and information collection attitudes and skin care behavior as they knew more about skin care. To create active skin care behavior, therefore, it is necessary to provide sufficient information on diverse educational programs and products in advance.

산업안전보건법이 업무상 사고 감축에 미치는 효과 분석을 위한 방법론 연구

김태균(Taegyun Kim),이정은(Jeongeun Lee),김승확(Seunghwak Kim),가오신명(Gao xin mung),조교영(Gyo-Young Cho) 한국데이터정보과학회 2020 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

본 연구는 산업안전보건법의 정책효과를 근로환경조사를 이용하여 평가하는 정량적 방법론을 제안하였다. 본 연구의 자료원은 제4차 근로환경조사와 제5차 근로환경조사이다. 교차분석 및 로지스틱 회귀 모델을 통해 손상 그룹과 비손상 그룹에서의 변화를 살펴보고 정책효과를 도출하였다. 5차 근로환경조사에서 사업장 규모(본사+지사)가 소기업일 경우 오즈비가 대기업의 경우보다 1.265배 높았다. 33차 산업안전보건법 일부개정안 중 50인 미만 소규모 사업장에 대한 안전보건관리담당자제도(제16조의3)의 보완 또는 해당 관련 법안의 신설이 필요해보였다. 4차 근로환경조사와 5차 근로환경조사를 비교하면 동료가 완료한 일에 의해 일하는 속도 결정 (4th OR: 0.826, 5th OR: 0.832), 일할 때 작업속도/작업률을 선택하거나 바꿀 수 있음(4th OR: 0.799, 5th OR: 0.763), 업무상 개인 보호구(안전모, 안전장갑, 마스크, 보안경 등)를 착용해야 할 때가 있음(4th OR: 0.815, 5th OR: 0.761)의 경우에 해당하는 근로자를 대상으로 현행의 직무교육을 보다 강화하여 적용하거나, 안전관련 장치의 제공을 원활히 하는 등의 해결방안을 모색하여야한다. This study proposed a quantitative methodology to evaluate the policy effects of the industrial safety and health act using a work environment survey. The data sources for this study are the 4th Korean working conditions survey and the 5th Korean working conditions survey. The model for analysis was set for the 4th Korean working conditions survey and the 5th Korean working conditions survey respectively. Through the cross-analysis and logistic regression model, the changes between the 4th and 5th Korean working conditions surveys in the damaged and non-injured groups were examined and policy effects were derived. In conclusion, in the 5th Korean working conditions survey, the odds ratio was 1.265 times higher for small businesses (head office + branch) than for large companies. Among the 33rd Occupational Safety and Health Act partial amendments, it seemed necessary to supplement the safety and health management system (article 16-3) for small work places with less than 50 employees or to establish a new relevant legislation.

중국 도시노인의 일상생활 수행능력 현황 및 영향요인 분석: 강서성 구강시를 중심으로

가오 샤오원(Gao, Xiaowen),김옥자(Kim, Ok-ja),이재은(Lee, Jae-eun) 한국비즈니스학회 2021 비즈니스융복합연구 Vol.6 No.4

현대와 전통의 교착(交錯)과 융합 : 漫說: 조선족 작곡가 權吉浩의 음악창작

가오, 웨이 지 漢陽大學校 音樂硏究所 1993 音樂論壇 Vol.7 No.-

7년 전, 내가 제4차 전국음악작품 콩쿨 평심위원으로 있었을 때, 처음으로 조선족 청년작곡가 권길호(권길호)의 작품을 듣게 되었다. 그때 상해음악학원의 이름없는 작곡과 학생이었던 권길호가 보내온 작품은 피아노 조곡 「장단의 조합」이었다. 「장단의 조합」,(중국인들에겐 "장단"이란 단어가 길고 짧음으로 밖에 이해되지 않는다-번역자)이 괴상한 표제의 곡을 받아 보면서 처음엔 모두들 "선봉파"식의 추상적인 작품이 아닌가고 생각하였다. 사실 이 작품은 농후한 조선족 음악쟝르와 민속적인 정감이 차 넘친 아름다운 곡이었다. 그 당시 이 작품은 청년 피아노연주가 리건의 현장연주 후 강렬한 반응을 일으켰는데, 전체 평심위원들과 관람자들을 번쩍 놀래웠다고 보도되었다. 하여 이 작품은 그번 콩클에서 제일 첫자리로 수석 1등상을 타게 되었고, 그때로부터 권길호(권길호)라는 이 이름을 기억하게 되었다.

GUEST SPEAKERS' PRESENTATION : 중국 농업기계화의 현황과 전망

가오 유아넨,와이 송링 ( Gao Yuanen,Weig Songling ) 한국농업기계학회 1996 ICAMPE 요약집 Vol.1 No.-

Effect of the Design of Combustion Chamber on the Efficiency of a Thermal Oxidizer

Quang-Hat Cao(가오 꽝 핟),Sang-Wook Lee(이상욱) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11

Effect of the Design of Combustion Chamber on the Efficiency of a Thermal Oxidizer

Quang-Hat Cao(가오 꽝 핟),Sang-Wook Lee(이상욱) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11

Characterization of FSW Butt Joints of Aluminum-clad Aluminum Thin Sheets

S. Basak(바삭 소우미야브라타),M. Mondal(몬달 무나리크),K. Gao(가오 쿤),S. Y. Anaman(아나만 샘 요),H.-H. Cho(훈휴 조),S.-T. Hong(홍성태) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.5월