Weight Status, Physical Activity, and Depression in Korean Older Adults

Cho, Jinkyung,Jin, Youngyun,Kang, Hyunsik Japan Epidemiological Association 2018 Journal of epidemiology Vol.28 No.6

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>This study aimed to explore the associations between weight status, physical activity, and depression in Korean older adults.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We used the baseline data drawn from the 2008 baseline survey utilized in the Living Profiles of Older People Survey, comprised of 15,146 community-dwelling older people (42.6% men and 57.4% women) aged 60 years and older residing in the Republic of Korea. After excluding respondents with missing data on height, weight, and physical activity (PA), data on 10,197 samples (43.3% men and 56.7% women) were analyzed in this study.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Underweight and completely inactive individuals had poorer sociodemographic and health behavioral characteristics and increased risks of late-life depression compared with normal weight and sufficiently active individuals, respectively. In terms of the aerobic PA guidelines, completely inactive individuals had a significantly higher risk of late-life depression (odds ratio 1.730; 95% confidence interval, 1.412–2.120) compared with sufficiently active individuals, even after adjustments for age, education, household income, night sleeping, living status, marital status, smoking, number of comorbidities, nutritional status, self-reported health status, and cognitive performance as covariates. In addition, those who did not meet the PA guidelines and were underweight or overweight/obese were more likely to have late-life depression compared to those who were active and normal weight.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The current findings of the study suggest that modifiable, lifestyle risk factors, such as physical inactivity, underweight, and overweight/obesity, are positively associated with late-life depression in Korean older adults.</P>

Physical activity and all-cause mortality in Korean older adults

Cho, Jinkyung,Lee, Inhwan,Park, Soohyun,Jin, Youngyun,Kim, Donghyun,Kim, Shinuk,Kang, Hyunsik Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Annals of human biology Vol.45 No.4

Socioeconomic Status, Frailty, and All-Cause Mortality in Korean Older Adults: A 3-Year Population-Based Prospective Study

Cho, Jinkyung,Lee, Inhwan,Park, Soo Hyun,Jin, Youngyun,Kim, Donghyun,Kong, Ji Young,Kang, Hyunsik Hindawi 2017 BioMed research international Vol.2017 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P> Little is known regarding the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and frailty on mortality in Korea.</P><P><B> Objective</B></P><P> This study investigated the combined impact of low SES and frailty on all-cause mortality in Korean older adults.</P><P><B> Methods</B></P><P> Study sample at baseline comprised 7,960 community-dwelling adults (56.8% women) aged 65 years and older. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of low SES and frailty for all-cause mortality.</P><P><B> Results</B></P><P> Overall, low SES plus frailty resulted in an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.09–2.23, <I>P</I> = 0.015) even after adjustments for all the measured covariates, as compared with high SES plus nonfrailty (HR = 1). Among older adults aged 65–75 years, the increased mortality risk of either low SES plus nonfrailty (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02–1.84, <I>P</I> = 0.038) or high SES plus frailty (HR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.12–3.91, <I>P</I> = 0.021) remained significant even after adjustments for all the covariates, as compared with high SES plus nonfrailty (HR = 1).</P><P><B> Conclusion</B></P><P> The current findings suggest that either low SES or frailty is significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality in Korean older adults.</P>

Association between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Korean Office Workers: The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity

Jin, Youngyun,Kim, Donghyun,Cho, Jinkyung,Lee, Inhwan,Choi, Kyuhwan,Kang, Hyunsik Hindawi 2018 BioMed research international Vol.2018 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P> Obesity and physical inactivity are associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).</P><P><B> Objective</B></P><P> This study investigated the association between obesity and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) stratified by physical activity (PA) in Korean office workers.</P><P><B> Methods</B></P><P> Data obtained from 914 office workers aged 21-60 years (347 women) were used. Resting blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured. PA was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire. CIMT was assessed with a carotid artery ultrasonography. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of obesity stratified by weekly PA for an abnormally increased CIMT.</P><P><B> Results</B></P><P> Logistic regression analyses showed that those who were overall obese (OR=2.50, 95% CI=1.60-3.91, P<0.001) or central obese (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.29-3.40, P=0.003) had significantly higher estimated risks of having an abnormally increased CIMT even after adjustments for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, resting blood pressures, and history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, as compared with those who were not overall or central obese (OR=1). A multivariate linear regression suggested that age (P<0.001), sex (P=0.002), hypertension (P=0.014), smoking (P=0.054), BMI (P<0.001), and physical activity (P=0.011) were important determinants of abnormally elevated CIMT in this study population.</P><P><B> Conclusion</B></P><P> The current findings suggest that the risk of obesity for an abnormally increased CIMT is significantly modulated by demographics as well as lifestyle-related risk factors including smoking and physical inactivity in Korean office workers.</P>

Inverse association of improved adherence to dietary guidelines with metabolic syndrome: the Seoul Metabolic Syndrome Management program

Dongwoo Ham,YoungYun Cho,Mi-Suk Park,Yun-Sug Park,Sun-Young Kim,Hye-Min Seol,Yoo Mi Park,Sunok Woo,Hyojee Joung,Do-Sun Lim 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.6

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The Seoul Metabolic Syndrome Management (SMESY) program is a 1-yr lifestyle modification program targeting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Seoul residents. This study investigated the associations between adherence to dietary guidelines and MetS among the SMESY program participants. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data of 54,385 participants aged 20-64 yrs who completed the SMESY program in 2015, had information on adherence to dietary guidelines, and were not medicated for diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia were analyzed. Participants underwent MetS screening and completed a lifestyle questionnaire including adherence to 10 dietary guidelines before and after participation. Participants were classified according to the number of MetS risk factors at baseline (MetS group, ≥ 3; risk group, 1-2; healthy group, none). Adherence to dietary guidelines was determined from the number of “yes” responses regarding the fulfillment of each guideline on ≥ 5 days/week. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between newly diagnosed MetS and changes in adherence to dietary guidelines. RESULTS: In the MetS group, MetS prevalence decreased after the SMESY program (men, -41.9%p; women, -48.7%p), and all risk factors were significantly improved (P < 0.0001). All groups exhibited improved adherence to all dietary guidelines after participation (P < 0.0001). In the MetS group with positively changed adherence scores, the MetS prevalence decreased by -44.1%p for men and -49.5%p for women, whereas the prevalence in those with negative changes decreased by -38.1%p for men and -48.6%p for women. In the risk group, those with positively changed adherence scores had significantly decreased odds ratios (ORs) for newly diagnosed MetS compared with those with negative changes (OR, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-0.80 for men; OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.99 for women). CONCLUSIONS: The SMESY program may effectively reduce the risk of MetS among adults with risk factors by improving adherence to dietary guidelines.

Exercise Attenuates High-Fat Diet–induced Disease Progression in 3xTg-AD Mice

KIM, DONGHYUN,CHO, JINKYUNG,LEE, INHWAN,JIN, YOUNGYUN,KANG, HYUNSIK American College of Sports Medicine 2017 Medicine and science in sports and exercise Vol.49 No.4

<P>Purpose: Little is known regarding the therapeutic role of exercise against the risk of a high-fat diet (HFD) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-like cognitive deficits. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of treadmill running against HFD-induced progression in AD neuropathology and cognitive impairments in the tripletransgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice. Methods: The 3xTg-AD mice were assigned to a chow diet (control, n = 10), an HFD (n = 10), or an HFD combined with exercise (HFD + EX, n = 10) group. Mice in the HFD were fed with a 60% fat diet for 20 wk. The HFD + EX mice were additionally subjected to treadmill running. Results: Compared with the control mice, the HFD mice had impaired brain insulin signaling, exacerbated AD neuropathology, defects in synaptic stability/plasticity, and apoptotic neuronal cell death in conjunction with exacerbated cognitive deficits in the affected brain regions, which were all significantly alleviated in the HFD + EX mice. Conclusion: The current findings suggest that treadmill running protects against AD-like disease progression and cognitive deficits caused by an HFD in the 3xTg-AD mice.</P>

Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Depression in Elderly Korean Women

LEE, Inhwan,CHO, Jinkyung,HONG, Haeryun,JIN, Youngyun,KIM, Donghyun,KANG, Hyunsik Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2018 Iranian journal of public health Vol.47 No.3

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Sarcopenia has been implicated in the increased risk for cognitive impairment and depression associated with aging. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationship of sarcopenia with cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression in a sample of 201 community-dwelling Korean women (mean age of 74.0±6.8 yr) between 2014 and 2015.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>The Korean version of mini-mental state examination and the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to assess cognitive performance and depression, respectively. Grp strength was measured with a dynamometer. Demographics, body composition, education, alcohol consumption, and history of cardiovascular diseases were assessed as covariates.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of MCI and depression were calculated according to sarcopenia status. Compared to non-sarcopenic, pre-sarcopenic and sarcopenic women had the ORs of 2.160 (95% CI of 0.840 – 5.554, <I>P</I>=0.030) and of 5.493 (95% CI of 1.854 – 16.270, <I>P</I>=0.002) for MCI. The OR of pre-sarcopenia for MCI remained significant (<I>P</I>=0.030) even after adjustments for age, body mass index (BMI), lean body mass, and education, while the OR of sarcopenia for MCI was no longer significant (<I>P</I>=0.084) when adjusted for the covariates. Compared to non-sarcopenic, pre-sarcopenic and sarcopenic women had the ORs of 3.750 (95% CI of 1.137 – 12.370, <I>P</I>=0.030) and of 4.687 (95% CI of 1.127–19.505, <I>P</I>=0.034) for depression. The ORs of pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia for depression remained statistically significant (<I>P</I>=0.020 and <I>P</I>=0.042, respectively) even after adjusted for the covariates</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Sarcopenia was significantly associated with MCI and depression in otherwise healthy community dwelling elderly Korean women.</P>

다중 시나리오를 지원하는 상황인지 워크플로우

양홍준 ( Hongjun Yang ),최종선 ( Jongsun Choi ),조용윤 ( Youngyun Cho ),최재영 ( Jaeyoung Choi ),유재우 ( Chaewoo Yoo ) 한국정보처리학회 2008 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.15 No.2

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서는 동적으로 발생하는 수많은 사용자나 환경에 대한 정보를 수집하여 적합한 서비스를 사용자에게 제공해야 한다. 이러한 유비쿼터스 환경을 워크플로우 형태로 기술할 수 있는 uWDL 을 이용하여 동적으로 변화하는 환경의 각각의 사용자에게 적합한 서비스를 제공하기엔 한계가 있다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 본 논문에서는 다중 시나리오를 지원하기 위한 방법인 멀티플로 우와 서브플로우를 시나리오에 적용하여 해결 방안을 제시한다.

The Optimal Management of Pleural Effusion in Liver Abscess?

( Se Ri Ryu ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Tom Ryu ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Youngyun Cho ),( Jeeyeon Kim ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang-woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Deok 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: We investigated the characteristics and clinical features of pleural effusion in patients with liver abscess. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in a single center to evaluate the characteristics and management of pleural effusion in patients with liver abscess hospitalized between January 2006 and February 2018 at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital. A total of 526 patients were collected. Of these, 156 patients diagnosed as eosinophilic abscess or later cholangiocarcinoma or liver metastasis were excluded from the analysis. Finally, the clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings were analyzed in total of 370 patients in liver abscess. Results: Of the patients with liver abscess, 110 (29.7%) patients had pleural effusion. Among of these, 56.4% occurred in right, 5.5% in left and 35.5% in both. When pleural effusion was present, age (older age, P=0.046), liver abscess size (43.01 vs. 59.48mm, P=0.000) and location (right superior segment, P=0.000) were significantly different from those without. Most of patients (96 patients) were treated with only antibiotics and 14 patients underwent intervention with antibiotics for pleural effusion. Of the 13 patients who were able to perform fluid analysis, 11 (84.6%) were exudate and 2 (15.4%) were transudate. Duration of pleural effusion showed no significant difference between the groups that performed intervention and those who were treated with antibiotics only (17.79 vs. 12.35 days, P= 0.112). Conclusions: The pleural effusion was more frequent in older patients, larger size and right superior segment. There was no statistically significant difference in duration of pleural effusion between intervention and non-intervention group. Therefore, treatment of pleural effusion is thought to be sufficient for antibiotics without special intervention in patients with liver abscess.

Clinical outcomes of positive resection margin after endoscopic mucosal resection of early colon cancers

박준석,Hyun Gun Kim,Shin Ok Jeong,Hoon gil Jo,Hyo Yeop Song,Jeeyeon Kim,Seri Ryu,Youngyun Cho,Hyun Jin Youn,Seong Ran Jeon,김진오,고봉민,진윤미,진소영 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.4

Background/Aims: When determining the subsequent management after endoscopic resection of the early colon cancer (ECC), various factors including the margin status should be considered. This study assessed the subsequent management and outcomes of ECCs according to margin status. Methods: We examined the data of 223 ECCs treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) from 215 patients during 2004 to 2014, and all patients were followed-up at least for 2 years. Results: According to histological analyses, the margin statuses of all lesions after EMR were as follows: 138 cases (61.9%) were negative, 65 cases (29.1%) were positive for dysplastic cells on the resection margins, and 20 cases (8.9%) were uncertain. The decision regarding subsequent management was affected not only by pathologic outcomes but also by the endoscopist’s opinion on whether complete resection was obtained. Surgery was preferred if the lesion extended to the submucosa (odds ratio [OR], 25.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.09–91.42), the endoscopic resection was presumed incomplete (OR, 15.55; 95% CI, 4.28–56.56), or the lymph system was invaded (OR, 13.69; 95% CI, 1.76–106.57). Fourteen patients (6.2%) had residual or recurrent malignancies at the site of the previous ECC resection and were significantly associated with presumed incomplete endoscopic resection (OR, 4.59; 95% CI, 1.21–17.39) and submucosal invasion (OR, 5.14; 95% CI, 1.18–22.34). Conclusions: Subsequent surgery was associated with submucosa invasion, lymphatic invasion, and cancer-positive margins. Presumed completeness of the resection may be helpful for guiding the subsequent management of patients who undergo endoscopic resection of ECC.