A Novel Ribonuclease with Potent HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory Activity from Cultured Mushroom Schizophyllum commune

Yong-Chang Zhao,Guo-Qing Zhang,Tzi-Bun Ng,He-Xiang Wang 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.5

A 20-kDa ribonuclease (RNase) was purified from fresh fruiting bodies of cultured Schizophyllum commune mushrooms. The RNase was not adsorbed on Affi-gel blue gel but adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose. It exhibited maximal RNase activity at pH 6.0 and 70°C. It demonstrated the highest ribonucleolytic activity toward poly (U) (379.5 μ/mg), the second highest activity toward poly (C) (244.7 μ/mg), less activity toward poly (A) (167.4 μ/mg), and much weaker activity toward poly (G) (114.5 μ/mg). The RNase inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC_50 of 65 μM. No effect on [^3H-methyl]-thymidine uptake by lymphoma MBL2 cells and leukemia L1210 cells was observed at 100 μM concentration of the RNase. A comparison of RNases from S. commune and Volvariella volvacea revealed that they demonstrated some similarities in N-terminal amino acid sequence, optimum pH and polyhomoribonucleotide specificity. However, some differences in chromatographic behavior and molecular mass were observed.

Intravenous Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke Within 4.5–24 Hours of Onset (ROSE-TNK): A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter Study

Wang Lu,Dai Ying-Jie,Cui Yu,Zhang Hong,Jiang Chang-Hao,Duan Ying-Jie,Zhao Yong,Feng Ye-Fang,Geng Shi-Mei,Zhang Zai-Hui,Lu Jiang,Zhang Ping,Zhao Li-Wei,Zhao Hang,Ma Yu-Tong,Song Cheng-Guang,Zhang Yi,Ch 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.3

Background and Purpose Intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) efficacy has not been well demonstrated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours after onset. This study aimed to determine the effect of intravenous TNK for AIS within 4.5 to 24 hours of onset. Methods In this pilot trial, eligible AIS patients with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) mismatch were randomly allocated to intravenous TNK (0.25 mg/kg) or standard care within 4.5–24 hours of onset. The primary endpoint was excellent functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0–1). The primary safety endpoint was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Results Of the randomly assigned 80 patients, the primary endpoint occurred in 52.5% (21/40) of TNK group and 50.0% (20/40) of control group, with no significant difference (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval 0.46–2.66; <i>P</i>=0.82). More early neurological improvement occurred in TNK group than in control group (11 vs. 3, <i>P</i>=0.03), but no significant differences were found in other secondary endpoints, such as mRS 0–2 at 90 days, shift analysis of mRS at 90 days, and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours and 7 days. There were no cases of sICH in this trial; however, asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 3 of the 40 patients (7.5%) in the TNK group. Conclusion This phase 2, randomized, multicenter study suggests that intravenous TNK within 4.5–24 hours of onset may be safe and feasible in AIS patients with a DWI-FLAIR mismatch.

Synergic enhancing-effect of DEET and dodecylamine on the skin permeation of testosterone from a matrix-type transdermal delivery system.

Zhao, Hong,Choi, Min-Koo,Kim, Jung Sun,Yong, Chul-Soon,Choi, Han-Gon,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk Academic Press ; Taylor Francis 2009 DRUG DELIVERY Vol.16 No.5

<P>The synergic in vitro skin permeation enhancing-effect of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and dodecylamine was investigated in order to develop a novel non-scrotal matrix-type transdermal delivery system of testosterone (TS). When DEET was loaded in DuroTak 87-2510 together with 2% TS and 3% dodecylamine, the in vitro rat skin permeation rate of TS synergistically increased as DEET concentration increased up to 0.5%. No further increase in permeation was observed thereafter and a plateau was observed up to 3.8% DEET. Moreover, compared to 0.5% DEET concentration, the addition of 3.8% of DEET in combination with 3% dodecylamine and 6% TS further increased the permeation rate of TS, and the maximum permeation rate of 11.21 microg/cm(2)/h was achieved. The in vitro skin permeation rates of TS from a transdermal delivery system of DuroTak 87-2510 containing 6% TS, 3% dodecyamine, and 3.8% DEET were in the following order: hairless mouse skin > rat skin > human cadaver skin. Assuming that a system with a surface area of 60 cm(2) is applied, the human cadaver skin permeation rate of 5.74 microg/cm(2)/h achieved in this study can be interpreted as being equivalent to delivering approximately 8. 27 mg of TS per day. Considering that the commercially available product (Testoderm TTS) for non-scrotal skin of the same surface area is designed to administer 5 mg of TS per day, the new formulation could maintain therapeutic plasma concentration of TS at a smaller surface area of 40 cm(2).</P>

FACTORS CONTROLLING THE STRONGEST SIZES IN THE INVERSE HALL-PETCH RELATIONSHIP

YONG PAN,ZHAO FENG ZHOU,SHAO-YUN FU,YANGUANG NIE,CHANG Q SUN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2008 NANO Vol.3 No.3

Incorporating the bond-order-length-strength correlation mechanism [Sun CQ, Prog Solid State Chem 35, 1 (2007)] and Born’s criterion for melting [J. Chem. Phys. 7, 591 (1939)] into the conventional Hall-Petch relationship has turned out an analytical expression for the size and temperature dependence of the mechanical strength of nanograins, known as the inverse Hall-Petch relationship (IHPR). Reproduction of the measured IHPR of Ni, NiP and TiO2 nanocrystals revealed that: (i) the competition between the size-induced energy-density gain and atomic cohesive energy loss in the surface skins of nanograins originate the IHPR; (ii) the competition between the activation and inhibition of atomic dislocations motion activate the entire IHPR behavior; (iii) the bond nature involved and the T/Tm ratio between the temperature of operating and the temperature of melting dictate the measured strongest sizes of a given specimen; (iv) a quasimolten phase presenting before melting determines the size-induced softening and the superplasticity of nanostructures.

Some Recent Advances in Structural and Mechanical Dynamics

Zhao Chang Zheng,Gexue Ren,Yong Ming Cheng 대한기계학회 1997 Asia-Pacific Vibration Conference Vol.1 No.1

Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ and Their Surface Modification by Surfactant Adsorption

Zhao, Shi Yong,Lee, Don-Geun,Kim, Chang-Woo,Cha, Hyun-Gil,Kim, Young-Hwan,Kang, Young-Soo Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.2

$Fe_3O_4$ and $CoFe_2O_4$ magnetic nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully in aqueous solution and coated with oleic acid. The solid and organic solution of the synthesized nanoparticles was obtained. Self-assembled monolayer films were formed using organic solution of these nanoparticles. The crystal sizes determined by Debye-Scherre equation with XRD data were found close to the particle sizes calculated from TEM images, and this indicates that the synthesized particles are nanocrystalline. Especially, EDS, ED, FT-IR, TGA/DTA and DSC were used to characterize the nanoparticles and the oleic acid adsorption, and it was found that oleic acid molecule on the $Fe_3O_4$ nanoparticle is a bilayer adsorption, while that on $CoFe_2O_4$ nanoparticle is single layer adsorption. The superparamagnetic behavior of the nanoparticles was documented by the hysteresis loop measured at 300 K.

Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Incident Hospitalization for Liver and Cardiovascular Diseases

Chang, Yoosoo,Cho, Juhee,Cho, Yong Kyun,Cho, Ara,Hong, Yun Soo,Zhao, Di,Ahn, Jiin,Sohn, Chong Il,Shin, Hocheol,Guallar, Eliseo,Ryu, Seungho Elsevier 2020 Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology Vol.18 No.1

<P><B>Background & Aims</B></P> <P>We compared the associations of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated fatty liver disease (AFLD) with risk of incident hospitalization for liver and cardiovascular diseases.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We collected data from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study on 218,030 men and women in Korea who underwent a health examination from 2011 through 2016. Fatty liver disease (FLD) was detected by ultrasound during the initial examination. The Fibrosis-4 index was used to identify individuals with liver fibrosis. Participants were followed up for as long as 5.9 years and data on hospitalizations for liver and cardiovascular diseases were collected.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The prevalence of NAFLD was 22.0% and the prevalence of AFLD was 6.4%. Over a median follow-up period of 4.2 years, we observed 51 and 1097 incident cases of liver disease– or cardiovascular disease–related hospitalizations, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for liver disease–related hospitalization, comparing NAFLD and AFLD with the reference category (no excessive alcohol intake and no FLD), were 1.73 (95% CI, 0.76–3.96) and 5.00 (95% CI, 2.12–11.83), respectively. The corresponding hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease hospitalization were 1.20 (95% CI, 1.02–1.40) and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.86–1.34), respectively. Among participants with FLD, the risk of liver disease–related hospitalization increased with high Fibrosis-4 index scores, whereas the risk of incident cardiovascular disease did not.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>In a large cohort study, we found an increased risk of liver disease–related hospitalizations for patients with NAFLD or AFLD, especially among those with Fibrosis-4 index scores. An increased risk of cardiovascular disease–associated hospitalization was observed in patients with NAFLD but not AFLD.</P>

Aggregation mechanism of fine fly ash particles in uniform magnetic field

Chang-Sui Zhao,Yong-Wang Li,Xin Wu,Duan-Feng Lu,Song Han 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.24 No.2

of fly ash particles with size range of 0.023-9.314m in a uniform magnetic field was inves-tigated for removing them. A binary collision-aggregation model evaluating particle aggregation coefficient was devel-oped. Based on the model, particle removal efficiency was calculated by solving the General Dynamic Equation. Thecomparison was done between the calculated and experimental data. The modeling aggregation coefficient shows thatthe aggregation coefficient increases with particle size, and the bigger the size difference between two particles is, thehigher than those of the smaller and bigger ones. The effect of the magnetic flux density on total particle removal effi-ciency is similar to that on aggregation coefficient. Before particles are saturatedly magnetized, their total removal effi-ciency increases with an increase in the magnetic flux density. Higher removal efficiency can also be caused by pro-longing the particle residence time in the magnetic field or increasing their mass concentration. The particle numbermedian diameter decreases with an increase in the total removal efficiency. Calculation results are found to coincideessentially with the experimental data.

NOx emission from incineration of organic liquid waste in a circulating fluidized bed

Chang-Sui Zhao,Hui-Chao Chen,Yong-wang Li,Duan-Feng Lu 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.24 No.5

incineration test of a toxic chemical organic waste liquid was conducted on a circulating fluidized bed(CFB) incinerator. The flue gas was measured online with the advanced SAE-19 flue gas analyzer. The effects of severalfactors, in terms of flow rate of waste liquid, ratio of waste liquid injected into dense bed of the CFB, excess air co-efficient, the secondary air fraction and bed temperature on NOx emissions, were verified. The experimental resultsthe excess air coefficient or the bed temperature and those decrease with increase in the ratio of waste liquid injectedinto the dense bed of the CFB or the secondary air fraction. During the test runs, NOx concentration in flue gas metthe national regulation on NOx emissions due to suppresive effect of low temperature and staged combustion in CFBon NOx formation.

Effect of Tungsten Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of S355NL Forging Steel

Jingwei Zhao,Yong Woo Kim,이정훈,Jin Mo Lee,Hi Sang Chang,이종수 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.2

A study was made to investigate the effect of tungsten (W) addition on the microstructure, tensile prop-erties, Vickers hardness, and corrosion resistance of S355NL forging steel. Mechanical properties were evaluated and considered in the context of the interlamellar spacing of pearlite. Microstructural analysis revealed that the addition of W favors the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite and leads to a decrease in the interlamellar spacing of pearlite. After W addition, the corrosion rust film was intact. The steel con-taining W showed fewer microcracks distributed in the corroded surface compared with that without W. It was concluded that the addition of W is beneficial for improvement of both the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of S355NL forging steel.