Parkinson’s Disease with Fatigue: Clinical Characteristics and Potential Mechanisms Relevant to α-Synuclein Oligomer

Li-Jun Zuo,Shu-Yang Yu,Fang Wang,Yanghui Xia,Ying-Shan Piao,Yang Du,Teng-Hong Lian,Rui-Dan Wang,Qiu-Jin Yu,Ya-Jie Wang,Xiao-Min Wang,Piu Chan,Sheng-Di Chen,Yongjun Wang,Wei Zhang 대한신경과학회 2016 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.12 No.2

Background and Purpose The aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and potential mechanisms relevant to pathological proteins in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients who experience fatigue. Methods PD patients (n=102) were evaluated using a fatigue severity scale and scales for motor and nonmotor symptoms. The levels of three pathological proteins—α-synuclein oligomer, β-amyloid (Aβ)1-42, and tau—were measured in 102 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from these PD patients. Linear regression analyses were performed between fatigue score and the CSF levels of the above-listed pathological proteins in PD patients. Results The frequency of fatigue in the PD patients was 62.75%. The fatigue group had worse motor symptoms and anxiety, depression, and autonomic dysfunction. The CSF level of α-synuclein oligomer was higher and that of Aβ1-42 was lower in the fatigue group than in the non-fatigue group. In multiple linear regression analyses, fatigue severity was significantly and positively correlated with the α-synuclein oligomer level in the CSF of PD patients, after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions PD patients experience a high frequency of fatigue. PD patients with fatigue have worse motor and part nonmotor symptoms. Fatigue in PD patients is associated with an increased α-synuclein oligomer level in the CSF

Characteristics of ultra-high-speed micro processing machines using magnetic abrasive machining methods

Rui Wang,Pyo Lim,Lida Heng,Min Soo Kim,Sang Don Mun 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.10

Magnetic abrasive machining (MAM) is a machining technique in which magnetic fields are used to control abrasive tools during the machining process of a material. Due to the development of engineering technologies, various properties such as surface accuracy, dimensional accuracy, and lightweight materials are required in current engineering applications. This study proposes the development of a new ultra-high-speed magnetic abrasive machining technique with the goal of improving the dimensional accuracy, surface accuracy and weight of a material. Moreover, to reduce machining time, this machining method was developed using an ultra-high-speed spindle, capable of rotating up to 80000 rpm. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V (Eli) bars were used as cylindrical workpieces and were machined via magnetic abrasive machining processes with an ultra-high-speed spindle. Results showed that improvements in the diameter and quantity of removed material were the highest at an operational speed of 80000 rpm, followed by 40000 rpm, 20000 rpm and 2000 rpm. The initial surface roughness of 0.21 µm Ra was improved to 0.04 µm Ra at 80000 rpm for 75 seconds. To evaluate the machining capabilities of the ultra-high-speed MAM process in terms of surface roughness, a descriptive statistical method was used. Precision weight data, laser scan micrometer data, roundness data, surface roughness data, and AFM images of the machined surface were recorded and studied.

Dimethyl Sulfoxide Suppresses Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Growth by Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophage Differentiation

Rui Deng,Shi-min Wang,Tao Yin,Ting-hong Ye,Guo-bo Shen, Ling Li,Jing-yi Zhao,Ya-xiong Sang,Xiao-gang Duan,Yu-Quan Wei 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The universal organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)can be used as a differentiation inducer of many cancer cells andhas been widely used as a solvent in laboratories. However, itseffects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. The aimof this study is to investigate the effect and associated mechanismsof DMSO on mouse breast cancer. Methods: We appliedDMSO to observe the effect on tumors in a mouse breast cancermodel. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were tested byflow cytometry. Ex vivo tumor microenvironment was imitated by4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Enzyme-linked immunosorbentassays were performed to detect interleukin (IL)-10 andIL-12 expression in medium. To investigate the cytotoxicity ofDMSO on TAMs, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays were performed. Results: We foundthat DMSO produced tumor retardation when injected into mouseperitoneal cavities in a certain concentration range (0.5–1.0 mg/g). Furthermore, as detected by flow cytometry, TAM subtypeswere found to be transformed. We further imitated a tumor microenvironmentin vitro by using 4T1 cultured cell conditionedmedium. Similarly, by using low concentration DMSO (1.0%–2.0% v/v), TAMs were induced to polarize to the classically activatedmacrophage (M1-type) and inhibited from polarizing intothe alternatively activated macrophage (M2-type) in the conditionedmedium. IL-10 expression in tumors was reduced, whileIL-12 was increased compared with the control. Furthermore, wereported that 2.0% (v/v) DMSO could lead to cytotoxicity in peritonealmacrophages after 48 hours in MTT assays. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that DMSO could exert antitumor effects in4T1 cancer-bearing mice by reversing TAM orientation and polarizationfrom M2- to M1-type TAMs. These data may providenovel insight into studying breast cancer immunotherapy.

Dynamics of Endogenous Phytohormones during Phase Change in Peach

Chun Min Li,Xin Zhong Zhang,Ya Qin Wu,Guo Jian Liu,Guang Peng Wang,Rui Feng Chang,Huai Rui Shu 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

학습자 자기주도 학습에 영향을 미치는 사회문화요인과 시사점 - 외국어학습자 중심

왕효경(Wang, Xiao-Qing),미서민(Ma, Rui-Min) 전북대학교 교육문제연구소 2016 교육문제연구 Vol.22 No.2

This study bases on sociocultural theory of Lev Vygotsky, to explore the relationship between the learners’ autonomous learning and sociocultural environment. In order to explore the relationship between them, we set up three questions: firstly, what are the positive sociocultural environment factors to learners’ autonomous learning? Secondly, what are the negative sociocultural factors to learners’ autonomous learning? Thirdly, what are the inspirations for the educators to make full use of the positive sociocultural environment, and as far as possible to exclude the negative sociocultural factors that interfere with learners’ autonomous learning. A total of 102 students of two grade of English, Korean and Japanese major in three universities in Weifang, Shandong Province, China, were selected for the survey, and 10 professors and 20 students were interviewed. The results show that there are three beneficial sociocultural factors influencing learners’ autonomous learning. First, the emphasis on collectivism and mutual learning in the Oriental cultural circle. Second, the attitude of the authority of teachers. Third, by the impact of Western culture, learners improve their sense of autonomy. There are four negative sociocultural factors that affect learners autonomous learning. First, the traditional concept of teacher authority and conflicts of students to raise awareness of self-contradictions. Second, the teacher-centered traditional teaching concepts and teaching patterns. Third, the erroneous ideas of teachers’ self-development as the center. Fourth, attention to the examination and certification of the wrong ideas. Educators should make full use of good for learners’ autonomous learning of the sociocultural environment factors, eliminate the factors that influence and interfere with the learners’ autonomy, and giving guidance to the students. 본 연구는 Lev Vygotsky의 사회문화이론을 이론적인 배경을 삼고 학습자 자기주도 학습은 사회문화 환경요인과 어떤 관계가 있을 것인가를 탐색하기 위하여 첫 번째는 학습자 자기주도 학습에 유익한 사회문화요인이 무엇인지? 두 번째는 학습자 자기주도 학습에 불리한 사회문화요인이 무엇인지? 세 번째는 유익한 사회요인을 살리고 불리한 사회요인을 배제하는 데서 학교 교육자한테 어떤 시사점을 주었는지? 와 같은 연구문제를 설정하여 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구는 중국산동성 웨이팡시 지역 3개의 대학교의 영어, 한국어, 일본어 전공을 한 대학교 2학년 학생102명을 연구 대상로 설문하였다. 동시에 전문 교사10명, 학생20명과 따로 인터뷰를 하였다. 연구 결과는 학습자 자기주도에 유익한 사회문화요인은 3가지가 있다. 첫 번째는 동양문 화권이 강조하는 집단주의 의식이다. 두 번째는 교사권위에 대한 태도다. 세 번째는 서양문화영향을 받아 자기주도의식의 향상이다. 불리한 사회문화요인은 4가지가 있다. 첫 번째는 전통적인 교사권위 관념과 학생 자기주도의식 향상 간의 충돌이다. 두 번째는 교사가 교수중심의 전통적인 교수이념과 교수패턴이다. 세 번째는 교사가 자기발달 중심의 잘못된 사상관념이다. 넷 번째는 시험, 자격증 중요시하는 사상 관념이다. 교육현장에 있는 교육자들이 유익한 사회문화요인들을 살리고 불리한 사 회요인을 배제하는 것은 바람직한 교수행동이다.

Carbon Implanting 기법을 이용한 표면강화 공구경로에 레이저가공 공정에 관한 연구

왕예(Rui Wang),행리다(Lida Heng),박남준(Nam-Jun Park),한기택(Ki-Taek Han),김민수(Min-Soo Kim),문상돈(Sang-Don Mun) 한국자동차공학회 2016 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.4

Surface coordination and excellent anticorrosion performance of strontiumapatite nanocomposite

Xiu-Rui Liu,Min Miao,Jing-Yu Zhang,JIN-KU LIU,Xian-Mei Zhang,Xiao-Gang Wang 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

A mass-produced, simple and scalable self-heating-based method for the manufacture of surfacecoordination strontiumapatite (SP) nanocomposite with excellent corrosion resistance is proposed. Thereaction heat released from the formation of SP material increases the solubility of benzotriazole (BTA)which achieves reasonable distribution of system energy. The BTA isfirmly adhered on the SP by Sr Ncoordination bond, which acts as barrier impeding on the penetration of the corrosive medium. Scanelectron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to characterize coatingmorphology and chemical composition. Meanwhile, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) datashow that the resultant resistance of strontiumapatite/benzotriazole (SPB) nanocomposite coating was3.02 × 104V cm2, which was improved by 601.8% compared with SP material. The improvement ofcorrosion performance is attributed to the synergistic anticorrosion mechanism that includes theshielding effect, extension of charge transfer paths and formation of multiple passivationfilms. Themethod for organic and inorganic synergistic material provides ideas for the design and synthesis ofanticorrosive materials.

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Recruited by Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 3 Promote the Progression of Breast Cancer via Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase-Protein Kinase B-Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling

Anqi Luo,Min Meng,Guanying Wang,Rui Han,Yujiao Zhang,Xin Jing,Lin Zhao,Shanzhi Gu,Xinhan Zhao 한국유방암학회 2020 Journal of breast cancer Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: Numerous studies have shown that the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and recurrence. Chemokine (C-C motif ) ligand 3 (CCL3) may be secreted by tumor cells and attract MDSCs into the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms whereby CCL3 is involved in the interaction of breast cancer cells and MDSCs. Methods: The expression of CCL3 and its receptors was investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cell counting Kit-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to study cell growth, migration, and invasion. Cell cycling, apoptosis, and the frequency of MDSCs were investigated through flow cytometry. Transwell assays were used for co-culture and chemotaxis detection. Markers of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were determined with western blotting. The role of CCL3 in vivo was studied via tumor xenograft experiments. Results: CCL3 promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cycling, and inhibited apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro. Blocking CCL3 in vivo inhibited tumor growth and metastases. The frequency of MDSCs in patients with breast cancer was higher than that in healthy donors. Additionally, MDSCs might be recruited by CCL3. Co-culture with MDSCs activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-Akt-mTOR) pathway and promoted the EMT in breast cancer cells, and their proliferation, migration, and invasion significantly increased. These changes were not observed when breast cancer cells with CCL3 knockdown were co-cultured with MDSCs. Conclusion: CCL3 promoted the growth of breast cancer cells, and MDSCs recruited by CCL3 interacted with these cells and then activated the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, which led to EMT and promoted the migration and invasion of the cells.

Plasma treatment of multi-walled carbon nanotubes for lipase immobilization

Xun Cao,Rui Zhang,Wei-min Tan,Ce Wei,Jing Wang,Ze-meng Liu,Ke-quan Chen,Ping-Kai Ouyang 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.5

Plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were used as a support to immobilize lipase. The effects of vacuum plasma treatment power, vacuum plasma treatment time, immobilization temperature, immobilization time, and initial protein concentration of the lipase on the amount of lipase immobilized and on the subsequent activity of the immobilized lipase were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the plasma-modified MWNTs could reach 0.15 g/g and that the maximal enzyme activity of the immobilized lipase was 520U/g under optimized conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the properties of the plasma-modified MWNTs and plasma-modified MWNTslipase, and the results showed that the lipase was successfully immobilized on the plasma-modified MWNTs. Also, the MWNTs-lipase produced an esterification rate of approximately 47% in the synthesis of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-aliphatic esters.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase from Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 Facilitates the Growth of Rice in the Presence of Salt or Heavy Metals

( Yunlei Han ),( Rui Wang ),( Zhirong Yang ),( Yuhua Zhan ),( Yao Ma ),( Shuzhen Ping ),( Liwen Zhang ),( Min Lin ),( Yongliang Yan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.7

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, which is encoded by some bacteria, can reduce the amount of ethylene, a root elongation inhibitor, and stimulate the growth of plants under various environmental stresses. The presence of ACC deaminase activity and the regulation of ACC in several rhizospheric bacteria have been reported. The nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 is capable of endophytic association with rice plants and promotes the growth of rice. However, the functional identification of ACC deaminase has not been performed. In this study, the proposed effect of ACC deaminase in P. stutzeri A1501 was investigated. Genome mining showed that P. stutzeri A1501 carries a single gene encodingACC deaminase, designated acdS. The acdS mutant was devoid of ACC deaminase activity and was less resistant to NaCl and NiCl2 compared with the wild-type. Furthermore, inactivation of acdS greatly impaired its nitrogenase activity under salt stress conditions. It was also observed that mutation of the acdS gene led to loss of the ability to promote the growth of rice under salt or heavy metal stress. Taken together, this study illustrates the essential role of ACC deaminase, not only in enhancing the salt or heavy metal tolerance of bacteria but also in improving the growth of plants, and provides a theoretical basis for studying the interaction between plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plants.