아끼시나무의 신용도 개발 : 온돌용 바닥재 제조 Manufacture of Floor for Ondol

노정관,윤석규 진주산업대학교 1999 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.6

아까시나무재의 色相과 强度的 性能등의 材質을 고려한 새로운 用途로서 2종류의 온돌용마루판 제조와 그 성능늘 검토하였다. 1.合成樹脂 複合 아까시나무 溫突用 마루板 0.5㎜ 아까시나무 單板과 ABS(아크릴로니트릴-부타디엔-스틸렌)樹脂를 이용하여 10x10㎝의 아까시나무 溫突用 마루板을 射出成形하여 製造하였다. 본 제품의 熱傳達速度는 市販의 溫突用 마루板 에비해 비교적 양호하였으며, 熱變形溫度는 160℃로 온돌 위에 시공하여 이용하여도 열에 의한 문제는 없을 것으로 생각된다. 또한, 휨강도도 아까시나무 素材와 거의 유사하였으며, 市販의 온돌용 마루판에 비해서는 우수하였다. 合成樹脂와 아까시나무 單板間의 耐水接着性能은 1시간 끓임과 60℃, 20時間乾燥 후에도 剝籬되지 않았다. 2.폐비닐 複合 아까시나무 溫突用 마루板 폐비닐, 탈크 및 목분을 組合하여 製造한 시트상의 基材에 0.5㎜ 아까시나무 單板을 積層接着하여 製造하였다.두께가 3.2㎜로 기존의 제품에 비해 얇기 때문에 熱傳達 性能이 우수하고, 再生樹脂板體와 아까시나무 單板間의 耐水 接着性能 및 耐熱性도 비교적 良好하였다. This research was endeavored to manufacture two kinds of Ondol floor made of Black Locust with consideration of color and strength, and the bonding properties were evaluated. 1.Composite Ondol floor with locust veneer and synthetic resin The Ondol floor (10 by 10㎝) was manufactured by injection moulding with locust veneer (thickness 0.5㎜) and ABS (acrylonitry-butadiene-styrene) resin. The heat transfer rate and bending strength of manufactured Ondol floor were comparatively higher than those of current commercial products, and the bending strength was even similar with locust lumber, In aspect of the water resistance(wet bonding property) between synthetic resin and locust veneer, the delamination was not occurred after 20 hours drying at 60℃ with 1 hour boiling. 2.Composite Ondol floor with locust veneer and recycled vinyl The Ondol floor was manufactured by laminating locust veneer (thickness 0.5㎜) with base plate on sheet containing recycled vinyl, talc and sawdust. Compared with current commercial products, the heat transfer property was superior due to slim thickness (3.2㎜). In addition, the heat resistance and water resistance between recycled resin plate and locust veneer were also suitable.

아까시나무의 신용도 개발 : 이용 현황과 집성 마루판 제조 Tendency of Utilization and Manufacture of Laminated Floor

노정관,윤석규 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

This research was endeavored to manufacture two kinds of laminated floor made of Black Locust with consideration of color and strength, and to evaluate the bonding properties of Locust lamina bonded with various ambient setting resin adhesives. 1. Bonding properties of Black locust The superior bonding strengths of ambient setting resin uses in Black locust lamina were obtained in all resin used in this research, but wood failures were not cleared the KS in PVAc, Phenol·resorcinol and Oilic urethane resin. 2. Manufacture of Laminated floors Two kinds of laminated floor were manufactured by laminating with Black locust lamina. The laminated floor(900×80×15mm) was made of Locust lamina bonding with Urea, Water based polymer-isocyanate and Phenol·resorcinol resin adhesives. The other one was tile type laminated floor(90×90×15mm) which moulded to contain two tongues and two grooves.

대나무재의 접착성

노정관,김재경,김사익,조종수,윤승락 진주산업대학교 1999 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.6

3종의 죽재(맹종죽, 왕대 및 솜대)에 대한 특성(생재함수율, 절간길이, 두께등)의 변이 및 상온경화형 수지 접착제에 대한 죽재의 접착성능을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 생재함수율은 죽고 및 절부나 절간부에 관계없이 솜대가 가장 낮았으며, 솜대나 맹종죽은 죽고가 증가함에 따라 점점 감소하는데 반해 왕대는 중간부가 가장 높았다. 절간부의 길이는 3죽종 모두 하간부나 상간부에서 보다 중간부에서 길었으며, 절간수 20까지의 절간길이의 평균은 왕대, 솜대, 맹종죽의 순이었다. 동일직경에서 간벽의 두께는 맹종죽이 가장 두꺼웠으며, 왕대가 가장 얇았다. 맹종죽에 대한 상온경화형 수지 접착제의 접착성능은 PVAc와 요소수지가 우수하였으며, 동일접착조건에서의 목재(낙엽송)와 목재 접착재료 보다도 내수접착강도는 약 2배 우수하였다. 구조용 상온경화형 수지 중에서는 수성고분자-이소시아네이트 수지 접착제의 접착성능이 가장 양호하였다. 접착성능이 비교적 우수한 PVAc 및 수성고분자-이소시아네디트수지에 의한 왕대의 접착성능은 양수지 모두 맹종죽 보다 우수하였다. 접착부위(절부+절부, 절부+절간부, 절간부+절간부)나 적층시의 접착면(외피부+외피부, 외피부+내피부, 내피부+내피부)에 따른 맹종죽의 접착성능에는 큰 차이가 없으나, 단지 내피부간의 절부와 절부의 접착성능은 타 접착면이나 접착부위 보다 10∼20㎏f/㎠ 낮았다. The variation of characteristics including green moisture content, internode length, and clum-wall thickness and the bonding properties of ambient setting resin adhesives in three bamboo species, Phyllostachys pubesens Mazel. et Z (Moso bamboo), P. bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc (Giant Timber bamboo), and P. nigra var. henosos Stapf (Hachiku bamboo), were evaluated. Among three species, Hachiku bamboo showed the lowest green moisture cintent without exception for culm height, node and internode parts. In species of Hachiko and Moso bamboos, as the culm height was increased, green moisture content in middle culm. Compared with lower or upper culms, the internode length was the longest in middle culm of all three species. and the order of averaged internode length under internode number 20 was as followed; Giant Timber bamboo>Hachiku bamboo>Moso bamboo. With same value of diameter, Moso bamboo contained the thickest culm-wall, while Giant Timber bamboo the thinnest. The superior bonding property of ambient setting resin for mon-structural uses in Moso bamboo was obtained in PVAc and urea-formaldehyde resin, and the wet bonding strength was two times better than in wood (Larix species) adhesion, Among the ambient setting resins for structural uses, water based polymer-isocyanate resin adhesives showed the best bonding properties. In Giant Timber bamboo, the bonding properties using PVAc and water based polymer-isocyanate resin adhesives were better than in Moso bamboo. There were no significant differences on bonding properties in Moso bamboo depending on adhesion position and zone, but the bonding property of node-node parts, which were bonded as inner layer and inner layer, was lower by 10 to 20㎏f/㎠ than other adhesion position and zone.

폐기 목질 재료로 제조한 학생용 책상 천판의 성능에 미치는 성형조건의 영향

노정관,김재경,김사익,조종수,윤승락,나종범,도정락 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.4

폐기 목질재료를 사용하여 학생용 책상 천판의 성형시 각 제조조건에 따른 천판의 성능을 검토하였다. 책상 천판의 파티클 구성은 고운 파티클과 거친 파티클을 적절히 혼합한 것이 고운 파티클이나 거친 파티클만으로 제조한 것보다는 전체적으로 성능이 양호하였으며, 특히 표층에는 고운 파티클을 중층에는 거친 파티클을 구성하는 것이 표면 마감성이 가장 우수하였다. 그리고 밀도가 높을수록 박리강도, 휨 강도는 우수하나, 흡수두께 팽창율은 증가하였으며, 수지 도포량이 많을수록 박리강도, 흡수두께 팽창율은 양호하나, 포름알데히드의 방출량은 높았다. 가압온도는 높을수록 대부분의 성능이 향상되었으며, 190℃가 가장 적절하였다. 가압시간은 1단계 2분과 2단계 2분이 비교적 양호하나 2단계의 가압시간을 1분으로 단축하여도 성능에는 큰 문제가 없어 앞으로 생산성의 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. This research was performed to investigate the effect of moulding conditions on properties of the table top for student desk manufactured by wood waste materials. The table top manufactured using the mat mixed properly with fine particles and coarse particles generally showed better physical properties than those manufactured using either fine particles or coarse particles did. Especially, highest performance for overlaying was observed when fine particles were used for face layer and coarse particles were used for core layer. The internal bond (IB) strength, the bending strength and thickness swelling increased with the increase of density. Most of physical properties were improved with the increase of hot pressing temperature. The best physical properties were found at 190℃ when the first hot pressing and the second hot pressing times were two minutes. However, the effect of the second hot pressing time of two minutes on the physical properties was not markedly different from that of one minute. This result suggests that the second hot pressing time of one minute is enough to increase the productivity in manufacturing the table top with the least decrease of the physical properties.

대나무 Zephyr의 제조 조건에 따른 보드의 물성비교

김유정,노정관,박상진 한국목재공학회 2003 목재공학 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구에서는 합판 대체용도로서 고성능을 보유하는 대나무 Zephyr 보드의 제조기술을 확립하기 위한 기초조사로서 Zephyr의 제조방법을 달리하여 Zephyr를 제조한 후 각각의 Zephyr로 제조된 보드의 물성을 검토하였다. 제조된 보드는 KS F 3014와 KS F 3113에 준하여 성능평가를 하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 최종 를러간극을 각각 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm로 달리하여 제조된 Zephyr 보드 중에서는 1.5 mm에서 제조된 Zephyr보드가 휨성능(MOR, MOE)과 박리강도(IB)에서 가장 높은 강도를 보유하고 있었다. 또한, 2시간 자비한 후 1시간 상온수에 침지한 다음에 측정된 보드의 습윤시 휨성능(MOR, MOE) 역시 최종 롤러간극 1.5 mm에서 제조된 Zephyr 보드에서 가장 높은 잔존강도를 보유하고 있어 상태시와 거의 유사한 경향을 나타내고 있었다. 24시간 상온수에 침지한 후의 두께팽창율 시험에서 모든 보드가 KS A 3014의 기준인 12%보다 낮게 나타났으며 그중 롤러간극 1.5 mm Zephyr로 제조된 보드가 가장 낮은 값을 나타내어 치수안정성이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. 전처리에 따른 대나무 Zephyr 보드의 강도 성능은 무처리 생재상태로 제조된 보드가 다른 전처리(증해, 0.3%NaOH자비)를 한 Zephyr 보드보다 높은 강도를 보유하고 있었다. 따라서, 무처리 생재상태에서 최종롤러 간극 1.5 mm로 제조된 Zephyr sheet가 최적의 보드 제조조건임을 알 수 있었다. In order to develop structural 'bamboo zephyr board', properties of boards produced by various methods making zephyr were estimated. All of boards were tested with KS(Korean Standards) F 3014 Particle board, and results were summarized as follow. The zephyr boards produced by final 1.5㎜ roller space had the best properties(MOR, MOE and IB strength) among boards produced by different final roller space. Also, they had the best properties(MOR and MOE) in bending test after 1 hour soaking treatment after 2 hour-boiling in water, which were similar to properties of boards in dry-condition. Thickness swelling(TS) of all boards was less than 12% required to the Korean Standards A 3014. Zephyr boards produced by final 1.5㎜ roller space also had the lowest values among all of boards. Boards produced by non-treatment (in green condition) had the better strength than those of boards produced by different pre-treatment methods(boiling in water and in 0.3% NaOH) in bending test.

케나프 TMP, CTMP의 섬유 특성

윤승락,김사익,조종수,노정관,나종범,김동귀,최길동 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2007 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.14

Thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) of kenaf cultivated in Korea were manufactured and their fiber properties were investigated. TMP made of the core part of kenaf showed various geometric types of fibers such as rectangular, spindle, and cylindrical forms. The most TMP made of the outer part of kenaf were composed of bast fibers, where no damages on the surface and cutting section of bast fibers was found. CTMP made of the core showed that some fibers were damaged. However, the fibers in CTMP made of the bast were observed not to be damaged. The TMP made of the core showed sound fibers, but the CTMP made of the core showed some damaged fibers. The TMP made of the bast showed curl indexes higher than the CTMP made of the bast, and most of fibers were not damaged in both TMP and CTMP pulps.

목재 및 목질재료용 난연성 폴리우레탄수지 도막의 난연성능

김종인,박종영,이병후,김현중,노정관,공영토 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 MDF와 잣나무 판재에 대한 난연처리 및 난연도장 처리 시험편에 대한 난연 효과에 대해 고찰하였다. 무처리 MDF와 잣나무판재에 대한 tdθ은 각각 279.5, 182.5로 나타났으나 난연침지 처리된 무늬단판을 오버레이한 MDF를 난연도장 처리 한 경우 높은 난연성능을 나타냈다. 난연처리한 잣나무판재에 난연도장처리를 할 경우 tdθ가 90으로 나타났고, 난연침지 처리 된 무늬단판이 오버레이 된 MDF에 난연도장처리 한 경우에는 tdθ가 0으로 나타난 가장 뛰어난 난연성능을 나타냈다. 전체적으로 난연처리 및 난연도장처리를 한 경우 tdθ가 감소하는 것으로 나타나 난연성능이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 연소도 시험결과 시험편의 중량감소율은 난연처리와 난연도장처리에 의해 감소함으로써 난연성능이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 착화시간과 잔염시간의 측정결과도 유사하게 나타났으며 난연침지 처리 된 무늬단판이 오퍼레이 된 MDF 및 난연처리된 잣나무판재에 난연도장 처리한 경우 무처리된 경우에 비해 착화시간은 증가되고, 잔염시간은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, two materials treated with a flame retardant were examined for their fire resistance. The first, MDF(medium density fiberboard) was overlaid by an oak sliced veneer, which was either treated by soaking in a 6wt.% solution of flame retardant chemicals (pentabromine-chlorinated paraffin) or non-treated and then was coated with either a flame retardant polyurethane coating or with a common polyurethane coating. The second material, Pinus koraiensis penal was either treated by a spray treatment using a flame retardant solution or non-treated and then was coated with either a flame retardant polyurethane coating or with a common polyurethane coating. Pentabromine-chorinated paraffin chemicals were added (6 part of urethane resin) as the flame retardant chemicals in the polyurethane coatings. In the fire resistance test, the tdθ(℃·min.) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and the flame retardant coatings, compared to the untreated sample. Weight loss (%) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and the flame retardant coatings. The ignition time (sec.) increased and the residual flame time (sec.) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and flame retardant coatings. Therefore, the flame retardant treatment or/and flame retardant polyurethane coatings have excellent incombustibility.

國內 Fiber Board 産業의 現況의 展望

金思翼,金在慶,趙鍾洙,尹承洛,盧正官 진주산업대학교 1999 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.6

상기에서 살펴본 바와 같이 국내 fiber board 산업은 생산 측면에서 목재 산업중 다른 판상제품에 비해 원자재 비율이 낮아 아직 개도국에 대한 경쟁우위를 일정기간 지속할 수 있을것으로 예상되지만, 인도네시아등에 비해 가격경쟁력이 취약하므로 고율의 수입관세가 지속유지되어야 하는 등 많은 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 국내 fiber board산업을 보호하기 위해서는 품질개선 및 기능성 부여, 원가절감등 을 통하여 fiber board산업의 안정화를 도모해야 할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 fiber board는 가구제조시 가장 중요한 원자재로써 그 용도가 거의 가구 재조용에 국한되어 있으나 향후 품질의 차별화 및 기능성 부여로 가구이외의 용도개발이 이루어져야만 그 수요확대에 따른 공급의 확대를 도모할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 최종적으로 국내의 현실을 감안한 fiber board산업은 양적인 성장을 위한 기술개발 투자가 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. Domestic fiber board industry was less dependence rate of imported timber than plywood industry. So, until now fiber board industry will be estimate that domestic fiber board industry maintain competitive ability on the other developing countries. For the protection of domestic fiber board industry, it was necessary improving of quality, functional endowment and retrenchment of production cost. The use of fiber board has been limited to manufacturing furniture. If a use of fiber board is enlarged, supply on demand will be enlarged. Finally, domestic fiber board industry is needed more growth of quality than growth of quantity, and growth of quality on fiber board industry is required to much investment for technical development.

林産油脂樹種의 利用에 관한 硏究(Ⅳ) : 쉬나무 種實의 成分分析 Analysis of Component in Evodia daniellii Hemsley Seed

趙鍾洙,金在慶,金思翼,尹承洛,盧正官 진주산업대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

林産油脂의 資源活用을 위한 쉬나무 種實에 대한 脂肪酸 分析結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 쉬나무 種實의 化學的 組成은 組蛋白質 함량이 16.20%, 組脂肪이 52.45% 炭水化物이 18.70%, 分이 1.56%이였으며 物理-化學的 組成에서는 比重이 0.916, 屈折率이 1.4722, 酸價가 16.63, 비누化價가 191,11, 요오드價가 134.60, 過酸化物價가 15.30으로 나타났다. 總脂肪酸 組成에서 linolenic acid, linoleic acid와 oleic acid가 대부분을 차지했다. 그리고 總脂質중에서는 中性脂質이 95.1%로 가장 많이 나타났으며 脂質의 構成을 보면 中性, 糖脂質에서는 linolenic acid, linoleic acid 대체로 높은 含量을 보인 반면 燐脂質에서는 palmitic acid가 가장 높게 나타났다. We investigated the composition of chemical components of Evodia daniellii Hemsley seed. The chemical compositions of Evodia daniellii Hemsley seed consisted of 4.83% of moisture, 16.20% of crude protein, 52.45% of crude fat. 18.70% of carbohydrate and 1.56% of ash. The physico-chemical characteristics of the seed oil were determined as follows : specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, iodine value and peroxide value were 0.916, 1.4722, 16.63, 191.11, 134.6 and 15.30, respectively. The lipids in the crude oil were almost composed of neutral lipids. The seed contained 6 different kinds of fatty acids which were linoletic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and palmitolic acid. The content of linoleic acid in total lipid, neutral lipid and glyco lipid is the highest than that of other lipid. On the other hand. The content of palmitic acid in phospho lipid is the highest than that of other lipid.

펄프 고해과정중 발생되는 미세섬유의 구조(II) : 활엽수 펄프 Hardwood pulp

윤승락,김재경,김사익,조종수,노정관 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

Freeness occurrence and types of deciduous fine fibers depending on beating time were examined to evaluate morphological characteristics of fine fibers produced by beating of Kraft pulp(KP) processes. The results were as foltows; As the beating time was increased, freeness and occurrence of fine fibers were gradually increased. The fibrillation of fiber was started at 20 minutes(22˚ SR) after beating, and the cell wall was destroyed or cut after 70 minutes(67˚ SR). Fine fibers produced during beating were composed of microfibrils from wood fibers, fragments caused by vessel destruction, and parenchyma cells. At initial stage of beating, the primary and secondary walls of fine fibers were coexisted, but as the beating was more processed, fine fibers which were composed of secondary wall were increased, indicating of destruction of secondary cell wall. The morphological change of parenchyma cell was not occurred by beating.