Screening of anti-nosemosis active compounds based on the structure-activity correlation

Go Eun Byeol,Kim Ju-Gyeong,박희근,Kang Eun-Jin,Kim Hye-Kyung,Choi Yong Soo,Moon Jae-Hak 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3

Nosema ceranae infection in Apis mellifera acts as a virulent pathogenic factor of honeybee colony collapse. Fumagillin is the only effective antimicrobial agent currently used against the microsporidial parasite N. ceranae. However, the toxicity of fumagillin is a concern. Therefore, in the present study, the screening of potent alter natives for fumagillin was performed for a total of 21 compounds, including 15 phenolics and 6 monoterpenes, based on their structure–activity correlation. The anti-nosemosis activity of each compound was determined by the relative inhibition level against the expression of the N. ceranae virulence factor encoding the polar tube protein 3 (ptp3) mRNA of the ptp3 gene. Each compound was preliminarily evaluated at 100 and 200 µM treatment concentrations. Then, the activity of 12 compounds showing activity at 200 µM was additionally determined at 40 µM, a concentration generally used in apiaries. At this concentration, gallol (benzene-1,2,3-triol) and 3-pentylcatechol (PC) showed higher activities than fumagillin, and 4-pentylgallol (PG) exhibited activity at a similar level to fumagillin. All three compounds selected in this study were low-molecular-weight phenolics. Among them, PC and PG, chemically synthesized compounds, commonly possess a hydrocarbon side chain of the pentyl group (-C 5 H 11 ) in catechol and gallol, respectively. That is, the three treatment com pounds were selected as potential beneficial alternatives for fumagillin and were markedly different from fumagillin in terms of their chemical structure. These results may trigger further extensive research on the biological mechanism for the prevention of nosemosis.

Successful term delivery cases of trans-abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage performed at more than 18 weeks of gestation

( Eun-joo Joung ),( Eun-byeol Go ),( Jae Young Kwack ),( Yong Soon Kwon ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.59 No.4

A 38-year-old nulliparous woman was referred to our clinic because of cervical incompetence at 19 weeks of gestation. Trans-abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage was performed after failure of modified Shirodkar cerclage operation in the patient at 21 weeks of gestation via a laparotomic approach. Another 38-year-old patient, who underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure conization for treatment of cervical dysplasia 4 years ago, presented for cervical incompetence. At 18 weeks of gestation, we performed trans-abdominal laparotomic cervicoisthmic cerclage without any post-operative complications. During antenatal follow-up, there were no obstetrical co-morbidities and finally she gave birth to a healthy infant at full term by cesarean section. We report two cases of women who underwent trans-abdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage surgery because of cervical incompetence as they were not suitable for transvaginal cervical cerclage. Both patients successfully maintained their pregnancy until full term after undergoing transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage at more than 18 weeks of gestation.

주기적인 초음파 조사에 따른 Microcystis aeruginosa의 성장억제 분석

강은별(Eun Byeol Kang),주진철(Jin Chul Joo),장소예(So Ye Jang),고현우(Hyeon Woo Go),박정수(Jungsu Park),이동호(Dong-Ho Lee),안창혁(Chang Hyuk Ahn) 대한환경공학회 2023 대한환경공학회지 Vol.45 No.4

목적 : 장기적인 조류 성장억제 효과를 위하여 초음파 1차 조사 종료 이후 일정기간 조류 성장억제가 지속된 후 Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa)의 재성장 시 초음파의 재조사(re-irradiation)를 통해 Microcystis aeruginosa의 성장억제 효과를 조사하고, 조류 성장억제 효율과 효과의 지속성을 확인하기 위하여 실험실 규모 실험을 진행하였으며 이를 바탕으로 다양한 분석을 진행하였다. 방법 : 대조군 A(0 hr)과 초음파 1차 조사만 적용한 실험군 B(2 hr), 2차 조사를 적용한 실험군 C(0.5 hr), D(1 hr), E(1.5 hr)으로 구분하여 각 조건별로 실험을 진행하였다. 초음파 조사 조건은 주파수(frequency) 23 kHz, 출력(intensity) 6.94 W L-1으로 적용하였으며, 초음파 2차 조사의 경우 1차 조사 이후 조류가 재성장(regrowth)하는 시점(7 day)에 초음파 재조사를 진행하였다. 결과 및 토의 : Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) 및 M. aeruginosa의 개체수(cell number) 분석 결과, 초음파 1차 조사만 적용한 실험군(B)은 저감 이후 조류의 급격한 재성장이 진행된 반면, 초음파 2차 조사를 적용한 실험군(C, D, E)은 초음파의 조사시간이 줄어들어도 조류의 재성장이 지연되는 것을 확인하였다 비성장속도(μ)와 일차분해속도(k)를 도출한 결과, 재성장 기간 동안 초음파 2차 조사를 적용한 실험군(C, D, E)은 반복적인 조류 성장 불능화로 인하여 초음파 1차 조사만 적용한 실험군(B) 대비 성장률이 상대적으로 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 SEM, TEM 분석 결과, 초음파의 영향으로 조류 세포의 손상이 뚜렷하게 관측되었으며 대조군 대비 실험군은 M. aeruginosa 세포 내 기낭의 분포 감소와 세포막의 변형을 관찰하였다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 초음파 조사에 의한 조류 성장억제 효과를 확인하였으며, 초음파의 재조사는 반복적인 조류성장 불능화(inactivation)에 기여하여 재조사 시, 1차 조사 대비 초음파 조사시간을 단축하여도 조류의 재성장에 필요한 시간은 더욱 증가되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서, 정체수역 내 장기적 조류 성장억제를 위해서는 주기적인 초음파 조사가 필요하나, 초음파의 적정 조사 주기는 실제 현장의 규모, 조류 발생정도, 수온, 광량, 영양염류, 유속 등 다양한 복합적 인자의 영향에 따라 상이할 것으로 예상되며, 최적화된 초음파 조사 프로토콜을 수립하기 위해서는 다양한 조건에서의 부지특이성을 고려한 현장 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. Objectives : To confirm both efficiency and sustainability of algal growth inhibition, various laboratory-scale experiments were conducted and the growth inhibitory effect of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) was investigated through ultrasonic re-irradiation during the regrowth period after the first ultrasound irradiation. Methods : Experiments with different times of irradiation [i.e., control group A (0 hr), experimental group B (2 hr) applied with only the first ultrasound irradiation, and experimental group C (0.5 hr), D (1 hr), and E (1.5 hr) applied with both first and second irradiations] were performed. Results and Discussion : As a result of both Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration and cell number of M. aeruginosa, the experimental group (B) with only first ultrasound irradiation (2 hr) displayed rapid regrowth of algae after initial decrease whereas the experimental group (C, D, and E) with both first ultrasound irradiation (2 hr) and second ultrasound irradiation (0.5 hr, 1 hr, and 1.5 hr) confirmed the delay of algae regrowth. Based on the specific growth rate constant (μ) and first order decay rate constant (k), algal growth from the experimental groups (C, D, E) with the secondary ultrasound irradiation was more significantly inhibited due to repetitive inactivation of algae growth. According to the SEM and TEM results, damages to algae cells were clearly observed under the influence of ultrasound, and both decrease in gas vesicles and rupture of cell membrane in M. aeruginosa were also monitored. Conclusion : Through this study, the algae growth inhibitory effect by ultrasonic irradiations was confirmed, and the re-irradiation of ultrasound contributed to the repetitive inactivation of algae growth, indicating that the second ultrasonic irradiation time required to inhibit algal regrowth can be reduced compared to the first irradiation. Therefore, periodic ultrasonic irradiation is required for long-term inhibition of algae growth in stagnant waters, but the appropriate frequency of ultrasonic irradiation may vary depending on the influence of various complex factors such as the size of the stagnant waters, the frequency of algal blooms, water temperature, light irradiation, nutrients, flow rate, etc. Finally, many field studies under various conditions are warranted to establish an optimized ultrasound irradiation protocol.

발포유리골재(foam glass) 여재의 부유물질 여과 성능 평가

고현우 ( Hyeon Woo Go ),주진철 ( Jin Chul Joo ),장소예 ( So Ye Jang ),강은별 ( Eun Byeol Kang ),문수영 ( Soo Young Moon ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.0

Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticle-quercetin complex and its potential as a drug delivery vesicle

( Pyo June Pak ),( Eun Byeol Go ),( Min Hee Hwang ),( Dong Gun Lee ),( Mi Ju Cho ),( Yong Hoon Joo ),( Namhyun Chung ) 한국응용생명화학회 2016 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.59 No.2

Recently, conjugates of medicinal herb-derived bioflavonoids, such as quercetin, and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have gained attention as targeted drug delivery systems. In the present study, because quercetin is an important flavonoid with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, GNP-quercetin complexes (GNPQs) were synthesized to investigate possible adverse effects such as cytotoxicity. We found that while quercetin was cytotoxic, GNPQs were not cytotoxic towards the RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cell lines. Therefore, GNPQs may serve as a potential drug delivery system for cancer treatment.

발포유리의 레인가든 내 여재 적용 가능성 평가

고현우(Hyeon Woo Go),문수영(Soo-Young Moon),김현수(Hyeon Soo Kim),장소예(So Ye Jang),강은별(Eun Byeol Kang),주진철(Jin Chul Joo) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회지 Vol.44 No.12

Systematic editing of synthetic RIG-I ligands to produce effective antiviral and anti-tumor RNA immunotherapies

Lee, Janghyun,Park, Eun-Byeol,Min, Jiyoun,Sung, Si-Eun,Jang, Yejin,Shin, Jin Soo,Chun, Dongmin,Kim, Ki-Hun,Hwang, Jihyun,Lee, Mi-Kyung,Go, Yun Young,Kwon, Dohyeong,Kim, Meehyein,Kang, Suk-Jo,Choi, Byo Oxford University Press 2018 Nucleic acids research Vol.46 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) recognizes double-stranded viral RNAs (dsRNAs) containing two or three 5′ phosphates. A few reports of 5′-PPP-independent RIG-I agonists have emerged, but little is known about the molecular principles underlying their recognition. We recently found that the bent duplex RNA from the influenza A panhandle promoter activates RIG-I even in the absence of a 5′-triphosphate moiety. Here, we report that non-canonical synthetic RNA oligonucleotides containing G-U wobble base pairs that form a bent helix can exert RIG-I-mediated antiviral and anti-tumor effects in a sequence- and site-dependent manner. We present synthetic RNAs that have been systematically modified to enhance their efficacy and we outline the basic principles for engineering RIG-I agonists applicable to immunotherapy.</P>

Systematic editing of synthetic RIG-I ligands to produce effective antiviral and anti-tumor RNA immunotherapies

Lee, Janghyun,Park, Eun-Byeol,Min, Jiyoun,Sung, Si-Eun,Jang, Yejin,Shin, Jin ,Soo,Chun, Dongmin,Kim, Ki-Hun,Hwang, Jihyun,Lee, Mi-Kyung,Go, Yun Young,Kwon, Dohyeong,Kim, Meehyein,Kang, Suk-Jo,Choi Oxford University Press 2018 Nucleic acids research Vol.46 No.19

Microcystis aeruginosa의 성장억제를 위한 초음파 조사조건 도출

장소예(So Ye Jang),주진철(Jin Chul Joo),강은별(Eun Byeol Kang),고현우(Hyeon Woo Go),박정수(Jeongsu Park),정무일(Moo Il Jeong),이동호(Dong Ho Lee) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회지 Vol.44 No.4

목적: 초음파에 의한 조류 성장억제 효과를 검증하였으며, 녹조현상의 주요 원인종이며 유해남조류인 Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa)의 성장억제를 위한 최적의 초음파 조사조건을 실내실험을 통해 도출하였다. 방법: 초음파 조사조건에 따른 조류 성장억제 효과를 관찰하기 위해 초음파 주파수(frequency), 출력(intensity), 적용 조류농도(initial cell concentration)로 구분하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험은 20 ㎝ (W) × 20 ㎝ (L) × 30 ㎝(H) 규격의 차광된 아크릴 반응조(acrylic reactor)에서 대용량의 M. aeruginosa 시료를 조류대발생 농도 조건으로 조절하였으며, 초음파 조사시간(irradiation time)은 3시간으로 동일하게 실험에 적용하였다. 결과 및 토의: 모든 실험에서 시료의 육안상 변화, Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) 그리고 M. aeruginosa의 개체수(cell number) 변화를 관찰하였을 때, 초음파 조사 종료 이후 조류 성장억제가 관찰되었으며 일정기간 조류 성장억제가 지속된 후 M. aeruginosa의 재성장을 확인하였다. 최적의 초음파 조사조건을 도출한 결과, 고주파보다 저주파일수록, 출력이 클수록 조류 성장억제 효과가 우수한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 고농도(4.5 × 10⁶ cells mL<SUP>-1</SUP>)의 M. aeruginosa 시료에서는 조류 성장억제 효과가 관찰된 반면 저농도(1.1 × 10⁶ cells mL<SUP>-1</SUP>) 시료에서는 관찰되지 않아 저농도 시료에서는 조류 성장억제 효과가 미미한 것으로 판단된다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 초음파 기반 조류 성장억제 기법이 M. aeruginosa의 성장억제에 효과적임이 확인되었으나, 일정기간 동안 효과가 지속된 이후 재성장이 관측되어 장기적인 조류 성장억제를 위해서는 주기적인 초음파의 조사가 필요한 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : The optimal ultrasonic irradiation conditions were derived through laboratory-scale experiments to evaluate growth inhibition effect of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), which is the main specie of Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) in Republic of Korea. Methods : The experiment was conducted by changing ultrasonic frequency, intensity, and initial cell concentration to observe the growth inhibition effect of M. aerginosa. The experiment was performed using shielded acrylic reactor [20 ㎝ (W) × 20 ㎝ (L) × 30 ㎝ (H)]. Experiments were conducted using large volume (7.2 L) of water samples with high concentrations of M. aeruginosa, and the ultrasonic irradiation time was fixed at 3 hours. Results and Discussion : In all experiments, pictorial view of M. aeruginosa samples, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and cell number of M. aerginosa were observed. As a result of ultrasonic irradiation on M. aeruginosa, the decrease in both Chl-a concentration and cell number of M. aeruginosa was monitored after sonication compared to the decrease during sonication. In addition, the rebound growth was confirmed after certain period of growth inhibition of M. aeruginosa. The optimal ultrasonic irradiation conditions for the growth inhibition of M. aeruginosa were obtained at the lower frequency and the higher intensity. Whereas algal growth inhibition was observed with high concentration (4.5 × 10⁶ cells mL<SUP>-1</SUP>) of M. aeruginosa, algal growth inhibition was not monitored with low concentration (1.1 × 10⁶ cells mL<SUP>-1</SUP>) of M. aeruginosa. Conclusion : Through this study, the algal growth inhibition by ultrasonic was effective. Although the growth inhibition effect persisted for a certain period of time, subsequent regrowth was observed. Therefore, periodic ultrasonic irradiation is necessary for long-term growth inhibition of algal in field applications.

초음파 조사시간에 따른 Microcystis aeruginosa의 성장억제 평가

강은별,주진철,장소예,고현우,박정수,정무일,이동호,Kang, Eun Byeol,Joo, Jin Chul,Jang, So Ye,Go, Hyeon Woo,Park, Jung Su,Jeong, Moo Il,Lee, Dong Ho 응용생태공학회 2022 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.9 No.3

The growth inhibitory effect of Microcystis aeruginosa according to the ultrasonic irradiation time was evaluated using a large algae sample volume (10 L) for various ultrasonic irradiation times (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 hr) at a laboratory scale. Based on the analysis of Chl-a and cell number of M. aerginosa, algae growth inhibition was observed with the decrease in Chl-a and cell number in all experimental groups after the ultrasonic irradiation. For the experimental group (T_B, T_C, T_D) with an ultrasonic irradiation time of less than 2 hours, rapid regrowth of algae was observed after growth inhibition, but the experimental group (T_E, T_F, T_G) with an irradiation time of more than 2 hours successfully inhibited algal growth lasting one or two more days. Based on the comparison of the recovery time to initial cell number the experimental group (T_B, T_C, T_D) took less than 20 days whereas the experimental group (T_E, T_F, T_G) took about 30 days. Correspondingly, the experimental group showed a high first order decay rate (𝜅) in proportion to the ultrasonic irradiation time during the growth inhibition period. Additionally, the specific growth rates (𝜇) during regrowth in the experimental group with irradiation time of more than 2 hours were relatively low compared to those in the experimental group with less than 2 hours. Therefore, ultrasonic irradiation for more than 2 hours is required for long-term (30 days) inhibition of algal growth in stagnant waters. However, the appropriate ultrasonic irradiation time for algae growth inhibition should be determined according to various field conditions such as the volume of stagnant water, water depth, flow rate, algae concentration, etc. Finally, damages to the algal cell surface and cell membrane were clearly observed, and both destruction and disturbance of gas vesicles of M. aeruginosa in the experimental group were discovered, indicating the growth inhibitory effect of Microcystis aeruginosa according to the ultrasonic irradiation time was confirmed.