소아 경골 내염전에서 경골 역회전 교정 장치의 효과에 대한 예비 연구

이소영,이성문,정윤태 대한재활의학회 2009 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.33 No.4

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the tibia counter rotator orthosis for tibial internal torsion children. Method: The 16 limbs included in this study were both lower extremities of 6 subjects and unilateral ones of 4 subjects (7 female and 3 male), ranging in age from less than 3 year to 11 years. These subjects were diagnosed as in-toeing gait with tibial internal torsion and had no history of forefoot adductus or other musculoskeletal abnormality. Tibial torsion was evaluated by thigh-foot angle and computed tomography before and after applying the Tibia Internal BraceⓇ (TIBⓇ). Results: Thigh-foot angle and computed tomography showed significant improvement of tibial internal torsion before and after applying the TIBⓇ (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between duration of the TIBⓇ application and improvement of tibial internal torsion (p>0.05). And there was no significant correlation between age and improvement of tibial internal torsion (p>0.05). Conclusion: TIBⓇ was effective for in-toeing gait children with tibial internal torsion. Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the tibia counter rotator orthosis for tibial internal torsion children. Method: The 16 limbs included in this study were both lower extremities of 6 subjects and unilateral ones of 4 subjects (7 female and 3 male), ranging in age from less than 3 year to 11 years. These subjects were diagnosed as in-toeing gait with tibial internal torsion and had no history of forefoot adductus or other musculoskeletal abnormality. Tibial torsion was evaluated by thigh-foot angle and computed tomography before and after applying the Tibia Internal BraceⓇ (TIBⓇ). Results: Thigh-foot angle and computed tomography showed significant improvement of tibial internal torsion before and after applying the TIBⓇ (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between duration of the TIBⓇ application and improvement of tibial internal torsion (p>0.05). And there was no significant correlation between age and improvement of tibial internal torsion (p>0.05). Conclusion: TIBⓇ was effective for in-toeing gait children with tibial internal torsion.

Dynamic torsional response measurement model using motion capture system

박효선,김도영,임수아,오병관 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.6

The complexity, enlargement and irregularity of structures and multi-directional dynamic loads acting on the structures can lead to unexpected structural behavior, such as torsion. Continuous torsion of the structure causes unexpected changes in the structure\'s stress distribution, reduces the performance of the structural members, and shortens the structure\'s lifespan. Therefore, a method of monitoring the torsional behavior is required to ensure structural safety. Structural torsion typically occurs accompanied by displacement, but no model has yet been developed to measure this type of structural response. This research proposes a model for measuring dynamic torsional response of structure accompanied by displacement and for identifying the torsional modal parameter using vision-based displacement measurement equipment, a motion capture system (MCS). In the present model, dynamic torsional responses including pure rotation and translation displacements are measured and used to calculate the torsional angle and displacements. To apply the proposed model, vibration tests for a shear-type structure were performed. The torsional responses were obtained from measured dynamic displacements. The torsional angle and displacements obtained by the proposed model using MCS were compared with the torsional response measured using laser displacement sensors (LDSs), which have been widely used for displacement measurement. In addition, torsional modal parameters were obtained using the dynamic torsional angle and displacements obtained from the tests.

Twist and Shout: A Clinical and Experimental Review of Testicular Torsion

Riyad T. Ellati,Parviz K. Kavoussi,Terry T. Turner,Jeffrey J. Lysiak 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.12

Purpose: This review addresses different aspects of testicular torsion from the clinical perspective as well as the basic cellular and molecular events responsible for the post-torsion testicular changes and pathology, including tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. Materials and Methods: A review of all published literature on testicular torsion was performed by use of two search engines. Results: Testicular torsion, or more correctly termed torsion of the spermatic cord, is a surgical emergency in order to salvage the testis. Its incidence is approximately 1 in 4,000 per annum. Testicular torsion must be treated promptly to avoid loss of the ipsilateral testis; however, even with torsion repair and gross testicular salvage, significant injury may still occur. Conclusions: The cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to ischemia- reperfusion injury are incompletely understood, and adjuncts to surgical treatment have received little attention. Understanding the cellular and molecular effects is important because 25% of males with a history of torsion may experience adult infertility. This review emphasizes current knowledge of basic science results and clinical outcomes of testicular torsion. Purpose: This review addresses different aspects of testicular torsion from the clinical perspective as well as the basic cellular and molecular events responsible for the post-torsion testicular changes and pathology, including tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. Materials and Methods: A review of all published literature on testicular torsion was performed by use of two search engines. Results: Testicular torsion, or more correctly termed torsion of the spermatic cord, is a surgical emergency in order to salvage the testis. Its incidence is approximately 1 in 4,000 per annum. Testicular torsion must be treated promptly to avoid loss of the ipsilateral testis; however, even with torsion repair and gross testicular salvage, significant injury may still occur. Conclusions: The cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to ischemia- reperfusion injury are incompletely understood, and adjuncts to surgical treatment have received little attention. Understanding the cellular and molecular effects is important because 25% of males with a history of torsion may experience adult infertility. This review emphasizes current knowledge of basic science results and clinical outcomes of testicular torsion.

편측 정상안압녹내장의 반대편 눈과 정상인의 눈과의 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀림 비교

주진호(Jin-Ho Joo),최정한(Jeong Han Choi),김태기(Tae Gi Kim),강자헌(Jaheon Kang) 대한안과학회 2017 대한안과학회지 Vol.58 No.8

목적: 편측 정상안압녹내장 환자에서 녹내장안과 반대편안 그리고 정상인의 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀림을 비교하고, 망막신경섬유 층 두께와의 연관 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 본원 안과를 내원한 환자 중 편측 정상안압녹내장으로 진단받은 환자 23명을 대상으로 녹내장안과 반대안의 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀림을 측정하였다. 대조군으로 비슷한 연령대 및 성별의 정상인 23명 46안을 대상으로 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀 림을 측정하여 정상안압 녹내장 환자의 녹내장안과 반대안과 비교분석 하였다. 또한 정상 안압 녹내장 환자 23명에서 빛간섭단층촬영 기를 이용해서 망막신경섬유층 두께를 측정하여 비교하였다. 결과: 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀림의 평균 값은 녹내장안에서 1.17± 0.19/15.57 ± 8.16, 반대안에서 1.10 ± 0.10/8.26 ± 5.20로 기울기는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나( p =0.109), 비틀림의 경우에는 의미 있는 차이를 보였다( p =0.001). 대조군 23명 46안의 평균 시신경 유두 기울기와 비틀림은 1.11 ± 0.08/3.28 ± 2.69로 편측 정상안압녹내장 환자의 반대안과 비교하여 기울기는 유의한 차이 를 보이지 않았으나( p =0.601), 비틀림의 경우에는 의미 있는 차이를 보였다( p <0.001). 망막신경섬유층 평균 두께는 녹내장안에서 71.91 μm, 반대안에서 115.83 μm로 정상안보다 각각 49.35 μm/9.70 μm 감소되어 있었고 두 그룹 간의 두께 감소는 유의한 차이를 보였다( p <0.01, p <0.01). 또한 비틀림 정도에 따라서 비틀림과 같은 방향의 망막신경섬유층 두께의 감소는 유의성이 있다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다( p =0.024). 결론: 시신경 유두 비틀림은 편측 정상안압녹내장 환자의 반대안과 정상안을 비교하였을 때 유의한 차이를 보였고, 비틀림 정도와 망막신경섬유층 두께 감소는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 편측 정상안압녹내장 환자의 반대안에서도 시신경 유두의 구조적 변화 로 녹내장이 진행할 수 있어 주의 깊은 관찰이 필요하다. Purpose: To determine the association between optic disc tilt and torsion of glaucomatous and fellow eyes of unilateral nor-mal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients and normal. Methods: We measured optic disc tilt and torsion of 23 unilateral NTG patients and 23 normal controls by analyzing fundus pho-tography and compared 3 groups. We also measured retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness through optical coherence to-mography in 23 unilateral NTG patients and compared the findings with those of normal eyes. Results: The mean values of optic disc tilt ratio and torsion degree in glaucomatous eyes were 1.17 ± 0.19˚ and 15.57 ± 8.16˚, re-spectively, while those in fellow eyes were 1.10 ± 0.10˚ and 8.26 ± 5.20˚. There was no significant difference in tilt ratio (p = 0.109), but there was a significant difference in torsion degree (p = 0.001). The mean values of optic disc tilt ratio and optic disc torsion in the controls were 1.11 ± 0.07˚ and 3.25 ± 2.69˚, respectively. Also, there was no significant difference in optic disc tilt ratio (p = 0.601), but a significant difference in optic disc torsion between fellow eyes and controls (p < 0.001). The RNFL thickness of the same torsion direction in unilateral NTG eyes was measured to be 49.35 ± 17.18 µm smaller than the normal value (mean RNFL thickness: 71.91 ± 16.92 µm). Reduced RNFL thickness of the same torsion direction between glaucomatous eyes and fellow eyes was significantly different (p < 0.001). In addition, it was confirmed that RNFL thickness was significantly decreased accord-ing to the degree of disc torsion (p = 0.024). Conclusions: The optic disc torsion showed a significant difference between glaucomatous and fellow eyes in unilateral NTG pa-tients and normal controls. Also, the RNFL thickness significantly decreased according to the degree of the optic disc torsion. Therefore, fellow eyes of unilateral NTG patients need to be carefully monitored for the progression of glaucoma.

사춘기와 성년기 흰쥐에서 고환염전에 의한 대측고환 손상 차이에 대한 연구

정성진,최우석,하승범,정민수,정재승,백민기,홍성규,최황 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.7

Purpose: Our study aimed to determine whether the severity of damage to the contralateral testis by ipsilateral testicular torsion/detorsion in pubertal rats, which have an incomplete blood-testis barrier, is different from that in adult rats. Materials and Methods: We divided pubertal (6 weeks, n=17) and adult (10 weeks, n=17) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats into group S (sham; n=5), group O (orchiectomy; n=6), and group D (detorsion; n=6). After 4 hours' torsion of the ipsilateral testis, we applied orchiectomy (group O) and detorsion (group D) depending on the group and compared the histopathologic changes and germ cell apoptosis of the contralateral testis at the age of 13 weeks. Results: In each age group, increased interstitial area, edema, and germ cell sloughing were observed in group D. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter decreased more in group D than in group S or O in each age group (p<0.05). The mean germ cell layer thickness and number of spermatids per tubule decreased more in group D than in group S or O in each age group; additionally, in group D, values decreased more in pubertal rats than in adult ones (p<0.05, respectively). The mean numbers of terminal deoxyuridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were less than 1.0 in groups S and O, which was smaller than in group D (p<0.05); additionally, in group D, this value tended to be higher in pubertal rats than in adult ones (p=0.057). Conclusions: SD rats with a detorsioned testis had more severe damage to the contralateral testis than did those undergoing orchiectomy of the torsioned testis. Also, when comparing the severity of damage to the contralateral testis after ipsilateral torsion/detorsion between pubertal and adult rats, rats at a pubertal age, when most testicular torsions occur in clinical situations, had more severe damage than did those at an adult age. Purpose: Our study aimed to determine whether the severity of damage to the contralateral testis by ipsilateral testicular torsion/detorsion in pubertal rats, which have an incomplete blood-testis barrier, is different from that in adult rats. Materials and Methods: We divided pubertal (6 weeks, n=17) and adult (10 weeks, n=17) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats into group S (sham; n=5), group O (orchiectomy; n=6), and group D (detorsion; n=6). After 4 hours' torsion of the ipsilateral testis, we applied orchiectomy (group O) and detorsion (group D) depending on the group and compared the histopathologic changes and germ cell apoptosis of the contralateral testis at the age of 13 weeks. Results: In each age group, increased interstitial area, edema, and germ cell sloughing were observed in group D. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter decreased more in group D than in group S or O in each age group (p<0.05). The mean germ cell layer thickness and number of spermatids per tubule decreased more in group D than in group S or O in each age group; additionally, in group D, values decreased more in pubertal rats than in adult ones (p<0.05, respectively). The mean numbers of terminal deoxyuridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were less than 1.0 in groups S and O, which was smaller than in group D (p<0.05); additionally, in group D, this value tended to be higher in pubertal rats than in adult ones (p=0.057). Conclusions: SD rats with a detorsioned testis had more severe damage to the contralateral testis than did those undergoing orchiectomy of the torsioned testis. Also, when comparing the severity of damage to the contralateral testis after ipsilateral torsion/detorsion between pubertal and adult rats, rats at a pubertal age, when most testicular torsions occur in clinical situations, had more severe damage than did those at an adult age.

Development of Optic Disc Torsion in Children

Ji-Ah Kim,Tae Woo Kim,이은지,Jeong-Min Hwang 대한안과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To document the development of disc torsion. Methods: Consecutive disc photographs obtained at an interval of at least 1 year were reviewed retrospectivelyin 173 eyes of 173 Korean children. The angle of the vertical disc axis (AVDA) was measured in each fundusphotograph with the fovea-disc center axis set at 0°. The associated change in the morphology of the opticdisc was assessed by measuring the ratio of the horizontal to vertical disc diameters and the ratio of the maximumparapapillary atrophy width to vertical disc diameter. Eyes were divided into two groups with respect tothe development of disc torsion: torsion and non-torsion group. Progressive torsion was defined as a changein AVDA between baseline and follow-up photographs beyond the coefficient of intraobserver repeatab ility. Factors associated with optic disc torsion were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Mean subject age and refractive error at the time of baseline fundus examination were 6.8 ± 1.7 (range,2 to 11) years and 0.2 ± 2.6 (range, -6.0 to +5.5) diopters, respectively. Mean follow-up period was 44.8 ± 21.1(range, 12 to 103) months. Forty-two eyes (24%) were classified as torsion group who showed changes inAVDA that were greater than the intraobserver measurement variability (4.5°) during the follow-up period. Thedevelopment of optic disc torsion was associated with greater myopic shift, a decrease in horizontal to verticaldisc diameters, and an increase in parapapillary atrophy width to vertical disc diameter. Conclusions: Progressive optic disc torsion was a common phenomenon in the children included in this study. Torsion occurred as the result of optic disc tilt in an oblique axis in most cases. The findings provide a frameworkfor understanding torsion-related glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Gallbladder Torsion with Accompanying Acute Appendicitis

Se Kook Kee,Jae Oh Kim,Oh Kyoung Kwon,Soon Young Nam,Jong Yeol Kim,Michael Sung 대한외과학회 2009 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.77 No.2

Gallbladder torsion is a rare clinical entity and it is a difficult condition to diagnose preoperatively. About 500 cases of gallbladder torsion have been reported since 1898, when Wendel first described gallbladder volvulus. This condition most commonly occurs in elderly women and the symptoms of this disease are largely non-specific and they mimic those of acute cholecystitis. Even with the recent advances of radiologic imaging modalities, making a preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder torsion is difficult and most cases are diagnosed at the time of surgery. An early diagnosis and prompt cholecystectomy for this disease are important in order to avoid the complications of gangrene and perforation, and to reduce mortality. A high index of suspicion of gallbladder torsion on the basis of the clinical situation and the specific findings on the radiologic images, usually ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scanning, can make the correct preoperative diagnosis possible. Gallbladder torsion is a rare disease, and gallbladder torsion with accompanying acute appendicitis is extremely rare. We report here on a case of gallbladder torsion with accompanying acute appendicitis in an 89-year-old woman and we review the clinical aspects of gallbladder torsion. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of gallbladder torsion was missed in this case, so we retrospectively reviewed and correlated the CT findings with the surgical findings.

고환수염전의 초음파소견

허정식,최국명 제주대학교 생명과학연구소 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.6

Purpose: Testicular pain or swelling, often referred to as the acute scrotum, can have a number of causes. Common cause of acute scrotal pain include testicular torsion, epidiymitis, testicular appendiceal torsion, and trauma. Color Doppler ultrasonography is being used increasingly in the evaluation of acute scrotum. Diagnostic accuracy is required to avoid the loss of testicular function in the case of testicular torsion and avoid unnecessary surgery in the other causes, we find the ultrasonographic finding of testicular appendiceal torsion. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital charts of 26 cases with acute scrotum who had been admitted to our hospital between January 1997 and November 2001 with the except of scrotal trauma. In the event of acute scrotum being suspected, an imaging study was performed. The 11 cases were evaluated with respect to accuracy of diagnosis and outcome of treatment. Results: The incidence of testicular appendiceal torsion was 46% of total acute scrotum boys. Torsion of either appendage produces pain similar to that experienced with testicular torsion. Color Dopper ultrasonography demonstrates increased bood flow of epididymis and secondary hydrocele. Conclusion: The cause of an acute scrotum can usually be established based on a careful history, a thorough physical examination and appropriate diagnostic test. When the history and clinical findings are equivocal. Color Doppler Ultrasonographic finding is usually able to differentiate testicular torsion, which is surgical emergency, from testicular appendiceal torsion which can be treated with conservative management.

Protective effects of curcumin on chromatin quality, sperm parameters, and apoptosis following testicular torsion-detorsion in mice

Shahedi Abbas,Talebi Ali Reza,Aghdas Mirjalili,Pourentezari Majid 대한생식의학회 2021 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.48 No.1

Objective: The chief outcome of testicular torsion in clinical and experimental contexts is testicular ischemia. Curcumin, a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has fascinated researchers and clinicians for its promise in the treatment of fertility diseases. Methods: Thirty-five fully grown male mice were randomly classified into five groups: control, sham, testicular torsion, treatment group 1 (testicular torsion+short-term curcumin), and treatment group 2 (testicular torsion+long-term curcumin). Thirty-five days later, spermatozoa from the right cauda epididymis were analyzed with regard to count and motility. Toluidine blue (TB), aniline blue (AB), and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining assays were used to evaluate the sperm chromatin integrity. In addition, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) test was used to assess apoptosis.Result: Treatment group 1 exhibited a remarkably elevated sperm count compared to the testicular torsion group. Additionally, notably lower sperm motility was found in the testicular torsion group compared to the control, treatment 1, and treatment 2 groups. Staining (CMA3, AB, and TB) and the TUNEL test indicated significantly greater testicular torsion in the torsion group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The data also revealed notably lower results of all sperm chromatin assays and lower apoptosis in both treatment groups relative to the testicular torsion group (p<0.05). Significantly elevated (p<0.05) AB and TB results were noted in treatment group 1 compared to treatment group 2.Conclusion: Curcumin can compensate for the harmful effects of testicular ischemia and improve sperm chromatin quality in mice.

Experimental study of the torsion of reinforced concrete members

Chalioris, Constantin E. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.23 No.6

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the behaviour of 56 reinforced concrete beams subjected to pure torsion. The reported results include the behaviour curves, the failure modes and the values of the pre-cracking torsional stiffness, the cracking and ultimate torsional moments and the corresponding twists. The influence of the volume of stirrups, the height to width ratios and the arrangement of longitudinal bars on the torsional behaviour is discussed. In order to describe the entire torsional behaviour of the tested beams, the combination of two different analytical models is used. The prediction of the elastic till the first cracking part is achieved using a smeared crack analysis for plain concrete in torsion, whereas for the description of the post-cracking response the softened truss model is used. A simple modification to the softened truss model to include the effect of confinement is also attempted. Calculated torsional behaviour of the tested beams and 21 beams available in the literature are compared with the experimental ones and a very good agreement is observed.