불교계 사회복지교육의 현황과 발전방향 -대학 교육을 중심으로-

김노은 한국불교학회 2012 韓國佛敎學 Vol.62 No.-

Buddhism has its purpose on nirvana by solving the pain of human beings, and has performed actual social work with a Buddhism concept “mercy and dana”. Social work has also contributed to problem-solving of human beings in difficulties. In this point of view, It is deeply associated with the Buddhism and social work. Sixty years have been passed since the beginning of modern college social work education in Korea. Recently, social work of Buddhism is growing rapidly in Korea. However, it is difficult to seek professional social workers who have the experience and the expertise in Buddhism. Therefore development of human resources having Buddhist thoughts is keenly needed in Buddhist social work. In this paper, I have investigated the current situation and suggested some future directions in Buddhist social work education in college level. This study indicates that the Buddhist colleges of social work are in need of sufficient professors for education, satisfactory Buddhist values in educational goals, and diverse choices in curriculum. It is positively necessary for colleges to cooperate together and to introduce Buddhist social worker licence system as early as possible for the Buddhist organization. Ties with the education curriculum are urgently needed to adapt to the new environment such as increasing multi-cultural families. Furthermore, international exchange with foreign colleges would help enhancing the position of Korean Buddhist social work education. In the end, more studies are necessary on Buddhist social work and its education. 불교는 인간이 고통의 속박으로부터 해탈하는 데 그 목적을 두고 자비와 보시로 실제적인 복지를 수행해 왔다. 그리고 사회복지는 인간이 처한 상황이나 생활상의 문제를 해결함으로써 인간의 삶의 질을 향상하는 데 있으므로 불교와 사회복지는 그 목적에 있어서 유사하다고 할 수 있다. 해방 이후 우리나라의 대학에서 서양식 사회복지교육이 이루어지기 시작한지 60년이 지났고, 1990년대 이전까지 불교계의 사회복지사업은 타종교에 비하여 적었으나 최근 들어 급속한 양적 팽창을 보이고 있다. 그러나 불교계에서의 사회복지사업에 적합한 불교적 전문성과 사회복지 전문성을 동시에 갖춘 전문인력의 수급에 어려움이 있는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내에서 불교계가 운영하는 4년제 대학들의 사회복지 교육과정의 현황을 살펴보고, 앞으로의 발전방향을 논의하였다. 이상의 논의가 불교계 사회복지 대학교육의 발전을 위한 보탬이 되고 불교사회복지의 전문성과 정체성을 확고히 하는데 도움이 되길 기대한다.

일제 강점기 부산지역의 사회사업

박철규(Park Chul-Kyu) 역사문화학회 2006 지방사와 지방문화 Vol.9 No.2

This study examines the history of social work and the status of social facility, and then classifies social work into poverty-preventing social work and cultivating social work. After the opening of a port, Japanese, residents in Busan, worked in various fields of activity such as engineering works, educational works, sanitation and medical care works, military' public peace' counter-anti Japanese activity, and so on. Relief and social works played a prominent part in Japanese social activities, even though they were conducted from the viewpoint of bestowing a favor. At that time, the kind and range of social work expanded from the work designed in early colonization to poverty-preventing social work and educational social work according to change in the current. After the First World War, economic change like skyrocketing of the commodity prices and housing shortage required work for stabilizing labor and groups under middle class. So, public welfare work put into operation such as a public employment agency, private affairs consultation, a pawnshop, a public market, a public housing, a laborer lodging, and so on. As 1930' s went on, radical variations on ideology needed educational works, which were the upsurging movement of national sentiment, self-rehabilitation, fostering movement of national power, direction on a teenager group, promoting movement of national athletics. The cost of social work was sometimes appropriated from national treasury, provincial expense, and donations but every kind of fund was usually raised from imperial grant and privy purse of Japanese monarch. Thus, the fact that the contents and stress point of social work varied as the times shows the change in the character of social work, and Japanese put forward 'poverty-prevention' ostensibly, however, we can know that as a matter of fact, they pursued 'cultivation'. Purpose of social work was not a 'poverty-prevention' rather a means to justify ruling Korea as a colony after all.

예배 및 선교요인이 교회사회복지 참여성에 미치는 영향에 대한 영성의 매개효과

조운희(Woon-Hee Cho) 연세대학교 신과대학(연합신학대학원) 2010 신학논단 Vol.60 No.-

??This work is about the questionnaire with 304 christians in Gyeung-buk region about worship, mission and church social work. Following is the result of the how Mediating Effect of spirituality affect the influence of worship and mission between church social work.<br/> ??FIrst, church social work seems more positive as the recognition of worship, mission and the spirituality is higher in that there are big relation between worship, mission, spiritualiry and church social work in the ratio of about .538-.712 and also there is positive relation.<br/> ??Secondly, it seems that there is the perfect mediating effect between the worship element of independent fluent and the church social work of slavery fluent when the spirituality element of mediating fluent is put by the procedure brought up by Baron & Kenny(1986).<br/> ??Thirdly, mediating effect of spirituality about mission element's influence to the church social work also has the perfect mediating effect. And the mediating effect significance is statistically worth at the rate of p <. 05. Spirituality element's mediating effects has 63.50% of indirect effect and 34.7% of direct effect on church social work.<br/> ??Thus, because enforcing spirituality through the worship or enforcing spirituality for the missions play a vital mediating role in social welfare work of church, it is primarily requested that the effort of the practical and various study and adaption is needed to enforce the spirituality of christians. ??This work is about the questionnaire with 304 christians in Gyeung-buk region about worship, mission and church social work. Following is the result of the how Mediating Effect of spirituality affect the influence of worship and mission between church social work.<br/> ??FIrst, church social work seems more positive as the recognition of worship, mission and the spirituality is higher in that there are big relation between worship, mission, spiritualiry and church social work in the ratio of about .538-.712 and also there is positive relation.<br/> ??Secondly, it seems that there is the perfect mediating effect between the worship element of independent fluent and the church social work of slavery fluent when the spirituality element of mediating fluent is put by the procedure brought up by Baron & Kenny(1986).<br/> ??Thirdly, mediating effect of spirituality about mission element's influence to the church social work also has the perfect mediating effect. And the mediating effect significance is statistically worth at the rate of p <. 05. Spirituality element's mediating effects has 63.50% of indirect effect and 34.7% of direct effect on church social work.<br/> ??Thus, because enforcing spirituality through the worship or enforcing spirituality for the missions play a vital mediating role in social welfare work of church, it is primarily requested that the effort of the practical and various study and adaption is needed to enforce the spirituality of christians.

루이 델랑드 신부의 한국 천주교 사회복지사업

김수태 (재)한국교회사연구소 2017 敎會史硏究 Vol.0 No.51

This work attempts to shed a new light on the Korean Catholic history of social work through Fr. Louis Deslandes(1895~1972). He, who belonged to Paris Foreign Missions and was the founder of Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, paid special attention to the social welfare at the Catholic Archdioese of Daegu from the 1920s through the 1960s. Keeping a close eye on the reality of Korean society, he took a profound interest in the direction of the social work of the Korean Catholic Church, by which it could be a church in the world. Fr. Louis Deslandes separated a positive charitable work from a passive one. From this perspective, he regarded as passive his social work before the 1960s because he thought that it tried just to take care of a deadbeat. Such a social work would not be able to be a solution for the poor and the deserted. So, Fr. Louis Deslandes made a big change in the direction of social work program according to the The Second Vatican Council. Instead of dead social work in which social workers just waited for people at the facility, he pursued a new social work that kept looking for the poor and the deserted positively. Through this active social work, he anticipated that they would be able to stand on their feet in both social and economic sense. The 1960s when Fr. Louis Deslandes worked actively in the field of social work was instrumental in the Korean Catholic history of social work. 이 글에서는 루이 델랑드 신부를 통해서 한국 천주교 사회복지사를 새로운 각도에서 접근해보고자 한다. 파리 외방전교회의 선교사로서, 예수성심시녀회의 창립자였던 루이 델랑드 신부(1895~1972)는 대구교구에서 1920년대부터 1960년대까지 사회복지사업에 집중적인 관심을 가지고 활동하였다. 그는 한국사회의 현실에 끊임없이 주목하면서 교회의 사회복지사업이 어떠한 방향으로 나아가야 하는가를 깊이 고민하였던 인물이었다. 이렇게 함으로써 한국 천주교회가 세상 속의 교회가 될 수 있다고 보았던 것이다. 루이 델랑드 신부는 자신의 사회복지사업을 수동적인 자선사업과 능동적인 자선사업으로 구별하였다. 그는 1960년대 이전까지 자신이 실천했던 사회복지사업을 수동적인 사회복지사업으로 평가하였다. 이는 낙오자와 같은 사람들을 받아들이기만 하는 사회복지사업이었다는 것이다. 때문에 그와 같은 사회복지사업은 가난하고 버림받은 사람들에게 근본적인 해결책이 될 수 없었다고 말한다. 그러나 루이 델랑드 신부는 1960년대에 들어와서 제2차 바티칸 공의회의 가르침을 따라서 사회복지사업의 방향을 크게 전환했다. 그는 복지 시설을 만들어 놓고 앉아서 기다리는 사회복지가 아니라, 그의 표현처럼 사회 속으로, 사회 안에서 가난한 사람들을 끊임없이 만나는 사회복지를 새롭게 추구했던 것이다. 가난한 사람들이 사회적으로나 경제적으로나 자립할 수 있도록 해주어야 한다는 것이었다. 따라서 루이 델랑드 신부가 활동한 1960년대는 한국 천주교 사회복지사에서 매우 중요한 의미를 지니는 시기라고 할 수 있다.

사회복지 교육의 국제적 기준에 따른 한국 사회복지 교육 분석

김도희,구차순 한국사회복지교육협의회 2008 한국사회복지교육 Vol.4 No.2

This study has focused on analysis of social work education in korea and suggestion for indication of korea social work education, according to global standards for the education and training of the social work. The purpose of this study was analysed of social work education of Korea by nine sections from global standards for the education and training of the social work. As well this study had a comparison Korea, Australia and the States for analysis of social work education. As a result, it was difficult to analyse with lack of developed document about korea social work education. However nine sections was insufficient from global standards for the education and training of the social work. Especially, core curricula was narrow and field education, professional staff, social work students, structure, administration governance and resource, diversity, conduct of the social work profession was not quite satisfactory according to standards. This study had several suggestions. Frist, standardizing social work education of Korea should be needed for strengthening association of Korea Association of School of Social Work. Second, developing and adapting diversity curriculum was urgent. Lastly, social work education of Korea would be correspond to global standard also developed characterized of Korean social work education situation 본 연구는 사회복지 교육 및 훈련에 대한 국제적 기준에 준해 우리나라의 사회복지 교육과 훈련은 얼마나 우리의 특성에 맞게 적절하게 이루어지고 있는지 분석하고 이를 통해 향후 한국 사회복지 교육의 기준 개발을 위한 방향성을 제시하고자 이루어졌다. 이러한 연구 목적을 위해 국제기준에서 주요 항목으로 다루고 있는 9가지의 영역에 대해 분석하고 아울러 이미 사회복지 교육에 대한 기준을 마련한 호주와 미국의 경우와 우리의 교육 현실을 국제기준에 준하여 비교하였다. 사회복지 교육과 훈련에 대한 기준 문서를 개발하지 못한 상항에서 비교 분석은 다소 어려움이 있으나 9개 항목 모두에서 국제적 기준에 준해 미흡한 면이 있었다. 특히 핵심교과 과정의 지침이 국제적 기준에 비해 편협하며 이외에도 현장실습 교육, 사회복지 교육자, 사회복지 전공 학생, 교육구조와 행정 및 자원, 다양성, 가치와 윤리에 대한 교육기준 등도 국제기준에 비해 미흡한 수준에서 이루어지고 있었다. 이런 분석 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 한국사회복지교육의 규준화 작업을 위한 한국사회복지교육협의회기능 강화, 교과과정 중 ‘다양성’ 교육 개발과 도입의 시급, 국제적 기준 부합과 동시에 한국의 특성에 맞는 사회복지 교육 및 훈련에 대한 기준을 조속히 마련할 것을 제안하였다.

사회복지상담의 정체성과 발전방안

정원철(Jeong Weon cheol),이정상(Lee Jung sang) 한국사회복지상담학회 2017 사회복지상담연구 Vol.1 No.1

This study is based on the premise that activating counseling in social work practice enables social work practice to take effect in quality and quantity. To do this, this study was consider the impaction of counseling in social work practice, identified counseling and psychotherapy was the first model of social work practice, suggested counseling have been s consisted of clinical social work. This study described the relationship between the two tracks approaches and counseling in social work practice, studied counseling skills applied in social work practice. In addition to, this study suggested the necessity of invent the naming of social work counseling as communication, clarification of service, magnification of service. this study identified social work counseling firstly in Korea. Finally this study investigated the difference between psychological counseling and social work counseling and suggested some ideas to revitalize social work counseling in social work practice setting. 본 연구는 사회복지실천 장면에서 상담이 활성화되어야 실천의 질과 양적인 측면에서 효과적인 서비스를 담보할 수 있다는 전제에서 출발하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 사회복지실천에서 상담이 차지하는 비중을 고찰하였고, 사회복지실천의 최초모형이 상담을 토대로 했음을 지적하면서 임상사회사업의 핵심서비스 역시 상담임을 문헌을 통해 고찰하였다. 본 연구는 또한 사회복지실천에서 중시되어 왔던 이중적 접근과 상담의 연관성을 논리적으로 기술하였고, 사회복지상담에서 활용하는 상담기술을 고찰하였다. 아울러 본 연구에서는 사회복지상담의 용어가 사용되어야 할 필요성으로 의사소통, 서비스의 명확성, 서비스의 확장성을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 국내 최초로 사회복지상담을 체계적으로 정의하였다. 사회복지상담이 일반 심리상담과 차이 나는 점을 고찰하였고, 한국에서 사회복지상담이 활성화되어야 할 과제를 구체적으로 제안하였다.

사회복지전공생의 교과 및 비교과활동이 진로결정에 미치는 영향 연구

김도희(Kim, Do-Hee) 경북대학교 사회과학연구원 2018 사회과학 담론과 정책 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구목적은 사회복지전공생들의 교과활동과 비교과활동이 사회복지효능감을 매개하여 진로결정수준에 영향을 주는지를 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 사회복지교과 이해도, 현장실습만족도를 교과활동으로 자원봉사활동만족, 비교과활동수준으로 비교과 활동으로 그리고 사회복지효능감, 진로결정수준의 변수들로 모형을 구성하고, 288명의 사회복지전공학생들에게 설문조사를 하여 응답결과를 통계프로그램 SPSS와 AMOS 20.0으로 분석하여 보았다. 분석결과로는 연구모형은 적합지수에 부합하며, 사회복지교육이해도→사회복지효능감, 자원봉사활동만족도→진로결정수준, 사회복지효능감→진로결정수준, 자원봉사활동만족도→사회복지효능감, 비교과활동수준→사회복지효능감 경로 순으로 유의했다. 사회복지전공생의 진로결정은 자원봉사활동수준, 사회복지효능감, 비교과활동수준에 직접적 영향을 미친다. 교과 및 비교과활동이과 진로결정에도 직접적인 영향을 미치기도 하지만 사회복지효능감을 통해 진로결정에 영향을 미치는 것 역시 검증되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 사회복지전공생의 진로결정수준을 향상시키기 위한 방안을 모색하였다. The purpose of study examined effects of career for undergraduate student studying social work in curricular and extracurricular activities. This study of model was consist of understanding of social work subject , practicum satisfaction , volunteer activity satisfaction, social work efficiency, level of career decision to be related career for undergraduate student studying social work. It was analysed by statistic programs SPSS and AMOS ver. 20.0 based on 206 cases. As result of this study was found following. The path of from understanding of social work subject to social work efficiency was the most significant statistically. Nextly, social work efficiency to level of career decision, from social work efficiency to level of career decision, from volunteer activity satisfaction to social work efficiency and from social work efficiency to level of extracurricular activity was the significant statistically. Also there were direct effect for fives path. Specailly, indirect effect was found path from social work in curricular and extracurricular activities to level of career decision through social work efficiency. Finally this study can be suggested enhancing alternatives for career for undergraduate student studying social work.

하상락의 사회사업 교육관

최원규 한국사회복지역사학회 2019 사회복지역사연구 Vol.2 No.-

이 글은 서울대학교 사회사업학과(현 사회복지학과) 교수를 역임한 몽산(夢山) 하상락(河相洛) (1915-2001)의 사회사업 교육관을 탐색적으로 고찰한 것이다. 사회사업 교육관이란 사회사업 교육의 필요성과 목표, 사회사업 교육내용 및 교육방법 등에 대한 생각들을 의미한다. 사회사업 교육에 대한 몽 산의 저작과 서울대학교 사회복지학과 역사편찬을 위해 수집된 자료들을 활용하였다. 해방과 한국전쟁을 거치면서 응급구호, 시설보호 중심으로 형성된 한국 사회사업을 전문사회사업으로 발전시키기 위한 대학 교육을 강조했던 몽산은 서울대학교 사회사업학과, 한국사회사업학회, 한국사회사업교육협의회 및 한국 사회사업가협회에서 중심적인 역할을 수행하였을 뿐 만 아니라 스스로 사회사업조직을 만들어 전문사회 사업실천에 나선 실천가이기도 하였다. 사회사업 교육목표에 대한 몽산의 생각은 다음과 같이 정리된다. 학부 사회사업 교육은 필드웤을 통해 현장감각을 익힌, 그리고 사회사업의 기초 이론과 기술을 갖춘 사 회사업가 양성에 목표를 둔다. 반면 대학원 사회사업교육은 이론을 기반으로 한 정책계획가 혹은 교수요 원 양성에 목표를 둔다. This article is an exploratory study on the thoughts on social work education of Ha Sang-Nak who was a professor of the department of social work in Seoul National University. Thoughts on social work education means ideas on the necessity, goals, contents and methods of social work education. Professor Ha’s articles on social work education and some collections for the writing of the history of the department of social work in Seoul National University are reviewed. Ha had emphasized professional social work education to cope scientifically with the social problems since the Korean War of 1950. Beyond the mere emergency relief and institutional care, he had stressed on the development of college education to develop Korean social work into a profession. Besides he was a professor of the department of social work in Seoul National University, he did play central roles in the formations and developments of major social work organizations in Korea. He was also served as a professional social worker in his own social work organization. Ha's ideas on the goals of social work education are summarized as follows: Undergraduate social work education has to aim at training social workers who have learned the field sense through field studies and have basic theory and skills in social work. On the other hand, graduate school social work education has to aim to cultivate policy planners or social work professors who have theoretical bases of social work.

한국의 사회복지 윤리와 철학 교과서 분석

김기덕(Kim Gi-duk) 비판과 대안을 위한 사회복지학회 2004 비판사회정책 Vol.- No.17

이 글의 목적은 현재 한국 사회복지학 관련 대학에서 사회복지윤리와 철학 (Social Work Practice Ethics) 과목의 교과서 로 사용될 목적으로 출간된 저서 및 번역서의 검토를 통하여 한국 사회복지윤리학의 연구경향을 평가해 보는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 당성하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 분석대상이 되는저서들 을크게 교과목의 개념정의, 포괄하는 윤리학 이론의 범위, 철학적 지향의 3가지 기준을가지고 분석하여 보았다. 분석의 결과 이 글에서 검토된 2권의 번역서와 5권의 국내학자들의 저서들은 약간의 편차를 보이기는 하지만, 대부분 미국식 임상사회사업중심(social work-oriented). 응용윤리성격의 규범윤리학 중심 (normative ethics-oriented). 근대적-전통적 윤리지향(modernist ethics-oriented)이라는 특정을 공유하고 있었다. 따라서 개별 사회복지사의 전문적 실천과는 구별되는 국가 및 지방정부의 사회정책 및 사회복지 서비스와 관련된 윤리적 쟁점과 논의들은 다소 소홀하게 다루어 질 수밖에 없었다. 또한 응용윤리 중심의 규범윤리학에 상대적으로 많은 논의가 할당되어, 한국 사회복지 실천과 관련된 윤리적 실태에 대한 기술윤리학적 논의 및 사회복지 윤리학자체에 대한 의미와 그 정당성에 대한 논의를 제공할 수 있는 메타 윤리학은 거의 다루어지지 못하고 있다. 그리고 대부분의 교과서들이 칸트식 의무론과 공리주의 중심의 목적론으로 대별되는 근대 윤리학에만 한정되어 논의를 소개하고 있어 최근 사회복지에 대한 대안윤리로 제시되고 있는 페미니즘 윤리학(feminist ethics), 포스트모던 윤리학(postmodern ethics). 다양한 비판 윤리이론(radical-critical ethics) 등은 거의 소개되지 못하고 있다. 따라서 향후 한국적 사회복지의 실정에 부합하는 사회복지윤리 및 철학의 모색은 이와 같은 현행 교과서들의 한계를 적극적으로 극복하는 방향과 내용으로 이루어져야 할 것이다. This article examines text books for course work of social work ethics and philosophy in Korean universities. After identifying the evidence of their common inclinations toward social work practice ethics developed along with American social work, the potential problems and limitation of this American social work-oriented ethics are explored. First, because most of text book are focusing on the ethical issues derived from the direct professional practice between individual social workers and clients, they are not offering necessary informations and guidelines for practice which are compatible with another ethical values and principles such as social justice, oppression, discrimination and social exclusion, which are more relevant to social policy and social service within European welfare state paradigm than clinical social work practice in America. Second, ethical theories considered as a theoretical resources for social work practice by text books are mainly normative or substantive ethical theories, which examines real practical ethical choices and reasoning that lie behind them. Such exclusive concerns about applied ethics make unable them to cover sufficiently both descriptive ethics and meta ethics, both of which can play an important role in establishing Korean social work practice ethics, and deepen the understanding of ethical decision-making models designed to solve ethical dilemmas and deadlock. Third, the text books has focused on only modernist professional ethics which is characterised in terms of a debate between Kantian and Utilitarian approaches. Thus, the alternative approaches recently developed in social work ethics such as feminist ethics, poststructural ethics, postmodern and critical ethics are totally neglected.

자원봉사활동의 유래를 통한 행정체계의 발전방향에 대한 고찰

우태식 ( Tae Sik Woo ),김창래 ( Chang Lae Kim ) 한국행정사학회 2015 韓國行政史學誌 Vol.37 No.-

인류 역사를 통해 볼 때 자원봉사는 자기희생, 헌신과 봉사, 자선, 상부상조, 박애주의, 인도주의, 민주주의 등 철학적, 종교적, 도덕적 배경에서 출발하였다. 우리나라 자원봉사는 상부상조를 목적으로 하는‘계 조직’이 삼한시대에 성행하였다. 이는 순수한 주민협동체 조직으로 취미나 그 밖의 생활의 공통된 분야에서 공동으로 회유, 제례 또는 회식 같은 행사를 통해 이해관계를 같이 해왔다. 이런 계 조직은 신라시대에 이르러 다양한 형태로 발전되어 오늘날까지 유사한 형태로 전달되어지고 있다. 신라시대에는 계 이외에도 두레라고 하는 촌락단위로 조직된 농촌사회의 상호협력, 감찰을 목적으로 하는 주민 협동체가 있었다. 고구려 시대의 세민구호책인 진대법, 고려의 의창·제위보·혜민국제, 조선의 상평창·사창 및 향약은 영국의 구빈법보다 훨씬 앞서는 제도로서 사회연대 책임 하에 실시된 사회복지적 측면이라 할 수 있다. 현대적 의미의 자원봉사활동이 실시되기 시작한 것은 1903년 YMCA창립을 시작으로 해서 1921년태화기독교사회관에서 여성계몽과 어린이 건강을 위한 봉사활동이 전개되면서 부터이다. 그러나 이 시기에는 기독교의 전파에 따라 기독교사상, 민주주의 철학 등이 유입되면서 교회 및 관련단체의 자선적, 박애적 성격을 띠는 초보적 형태의 자원봉사활동이 시작되었다고 볼 수 있다. 자원봉사활동에 대한 관심이 본격적으로 높아지기 시작한 것은 1980년대에 들어서면서 부터이다. 이것은 경제수준의 향상, 국민의식의 증대, 가족구조의 변화 등 사회·경제적 변화가 크게 작용하였기 때문이다. 1984년 한국여성개발원에 의하여 자원봉사인력은행이 설치되고, 1985년에는 올림픽조직위원회에 의하여 자원봉사단이 구성됨으로써 보다 조직적으로 자원봉사활동이 전개 되었다. 특히 ``86아시안게임과 ``88올림픽에 있어서 거국적인 자원봉사자활용은 전국적으로 자원봉사를 인식시키고 확산시키는데 크게 기여하였다. 서양에서는 기록에 의하면 4,300여 년 전 이집트인들의 무덤에 자선행위가 기록되어 있고, 그리스시대에는 개인의 고통을 덜어주는 일보다 사회문제의 답을 사회개혁에서 찾으려 했다. 그리하여 모두에게 혜택이 돌아가는 박애주의(Philanthropy)가 발달하게 되었다. 전통적 자원봉사활동에서부터 현대적 자원봉사활동에 이르기까지의 전반적인 활동을 토대로 우리나라의 자원봉사활동과 제 외국의 역사적 전개과정과 지원체계 그리고 제도를 비교 고찰한 것은 자원봉사 발전에 어떠한 의미와 가치를 부여하는지에 대한 행정상 체계방안과 행정법상 제도를 마련하고, 더 나아가 자원봉사활동의 활성화에 기여하는가에 의의가 있다할 것이다. Volunteer work began with philosophical, religious, moral background of self-sacrifice, dedication and service, charity, mutual aid, philanthropy, humanitarianism, democracy, etc. seen from human history. In Korean voluntary work, gye for the purpose of mutual aid flourished in the time of the Three Han State, and this had have common interest through events such as get-together, ancestral ritual formalities or congregate dining jointly in the common fields of interest or other living standards as the pure resident community. This gye had been developed in various forms by the Sinra ear and has being come in similar form up to this day. There was dure other than gye in the period of Sinra, dure was the farmers`` cooperative group composed of village unit for mutual aid, inspection of rural community and relief measure of the poor, jindaebeob of Goguryeo era, uichang·jewibo·hyemingugje of Goryeo era, sangpeongchang·sachang·hyangyak of Joseon dynasty was the system exceeding poor law of England and could be seen as efforts for social welfare taken under the responsibility of social solidarity. Beginning to conduct volunteer activities in the modern meaning was from developing volunteer work for women`` enlightenments and children`` health at Taehwa Christianity Society Complex, 1921, starting the foundation of YMCA, 1903.However in this period, there could appear to be begun volunteer activities of rudimentary forms with charitable, philanthropic character of church and relevant groups by the introduction of Christian ideas, philosophy of democracy, etc. according to propagation of Christianity. That interest on volunteer work was rising in earnest came into the 1980s. This is because social·economical changes such as improvement of the economic levels, increase of national consciousness, change of family structure, etc. are a big factor, Korean Women’s Development Institute established the volunteer manpower bank in 1984, and volunteer activities developed more systematically by consisting of volunteers in 1985 by the Olympic organized committee. Especially in ``86 Asian Game and ``88 Olympic, a nationwide use of volunteer largely contributed to recognize and spread volunteer work all over the country. According to the record, an act of charity was recorded on Egyptian tomb 4,300 years ago, and in the time of the Greeks, they tried to find the answer of social problem in social reform rather than in relief of the individual pain and Philanthropy providing benefits to all was developed. In England, Charity organization society established in 1869 pursued an effective adjustment between welfare business and institute, and avoided the overlap and competition of relief administration and was to develop the organization and technique. Settlement House Movement started about 15 years later than the charity organization society in order to deal with the same social problem at that time, but viewpoint approaching the problems was much different. Settlement House movement was that the environmental factor based on liberalism and radicalism idea in those days was the source of the very social problem. Approach to the problem emphasized not modification of the poor but social reformative side having to change existing order. This tried to find the realizable effective solutions in a concrete way in a pragmatic stance. This was just the first social group work. In America, the charity organization society started a charity at Buffalo, New York in 1877, and Hull house was also built at Chicago in 1889. Everyone that worked at Hull house was housed and lived in settlement house. In Japan, Osaka volunteering association built in 1965 was concentrating on education and training as the first private volunteering association. This was the model of voluntary school in Japan. Welfare ministry began to make welfare volunteer village from 1985, and social welfare council installed the volunteer center throughout the country. Volunteer activity began to be vitalized nationally in school education such as forming the nationwide volunteer study leader contact council becoming the focal point for teachers, etc. People living in the 21th century were living in the direct effect of the fast-changing social structures and economical circumstances. In the rapidly changing society, every member tries to keep up the pace of change, for which struggles to maintain physical·economical·psychological stability. Notwithstanding all sorts of social welfare policies being pushed by government, there still exist those suffering from physical, psychological isolation in people who are neglected in society. These can find the case of neglect in the visible or invisible presence on the ground of budget deficits. The very volunteer is the way that can support the area beyond hand of government or local government like this. In addition, because volunteers are unpaid human resources with spontaneity and want to extend help to others or members of the society, they can promote ideal community development and local change. The member in society can have the meaning to drive voluntarily efforts to convert a person who cannot enjoy the social welfare benefits to the state of enjoying the social welfare benefits. Therefore volunteer activities can be playing pivotal role in forming democratic welfare society based on the sound civic spirit. The history of volunteer work in our country is relatively short compared to other advanced countries such as England or America, etc. Of course in case of the four ceremonial occasions of coming of age, wedding, funeral, and ancestral rites or work of farming season with a rural village as a unit, there exists the tradition such as dure, exchange of labor, gye, hyangyak, etc. in the form of reciprocity to help one another among the village people, however because these traditions have strongly the concept of risk-reduction by collective effort in aspects of economic compensation to help one another by working for one another and preparation for emergency of disaster, etc. rather than are grounded on volunteer spirit, they are not volunteer work in the original meaning. Thus, based on the overall activity from traditional volunteer activities up to modern volunteer activities, considering the historical development of volunteer activities in our country prepares the administrative system and the system under administration law in regard to granting the meaning and value to the development of volunteer work, and furthermore has a significance in contributing to development of volunteer work.