Preparation of isotropic pitch precursor for pitch-based carbon fiber through the co-carbonization of ethylene bottom oil and polyvinyl chloride

Liu, Jinchang,Shimanoe, Hiroki,Nakabayashi, Koji,Miyawaki, Jin,Ko, Seunghyun,Jeon, Young-Pyo,Yoon, Seong-Ho Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For the first time, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used as an easily-handled chlorine source for preparation of isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber (IPCF) incorporating ethylene bottom oil (EO) as a raw material. Pitch precursors were prepared by the chlorination–dehydrochlorination triggered by chlorine radicals originated from PVC; aromatization and poly-condensation reactions occurred by polyene-type radicals from PVC. Radical production and co-carbonization were facilitated by pretreatments of EO through vacuum distillation, bromination, and additional heat treatment. Pitches were prepared by the co-carbonization of pretreated EO and EO containing 20wt% PVC, and had higher yields and better spinnability than those by simple distillation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PVC was used as a chlorine source for the preparation of isotropic pitch precursors from EO. </LI> <LI> Isotropic pitches with excellent spinnability were fabricated by co-carbonization of EO with chlorine radicals from PVC. </LI> <LI> Pitch precursors prepared by chlorination–dehydrochlorination reactions showed higher yields and better spinnability. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

고강도 수도용 PVC관의 성능평가 연구

박종일,이창석 대한설비공학회 2018 설비공학 논문집 Vol.30 No.1

High-strength plastic water supply pipe evaluation method was evaluated in this study. Up to date, high strength water supply pipes that we install are mostly ductile cast iron pipes. Sometimes, a few PVC pipes are installed. Metal pipes have rust problem on the surface, causing serious damage to metal pipes and reducing the expected life span of water piping system. Nowadays, depending on technology development, some companies have improved properties of general PVC pipe performance with remarkable properties that exceed KS and ASTM standard. Here, we suggest a new method of performance evaluation for high-strength water plastic pipes.

지중매설 경질폴리염화비닐관의 구조적 거동

김선희,천진욱,김응호 한국복합신소재구조학회 2015 복합신소재구조학회논문집 Vol.6 No.4

The industrialization and urbanization forced to increase the density of pipelines such as water supply, sewers, and gas pipelines. The materials used for the existing pipe lines are mostly composed of concretes and steels, but it is true that the development for more durable and efficient materials has been continued performed to produce long lasting pipe lines. Recently, underground pipes serve in diverse applications such as sewer lines, drain lines, water mains, gas lines, telephone and electrical conduits, culverts, oil lines, etc. In this paper, we present the result of investigation pertaining to the structural behavior of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) flexible pipes buried underground. In the investigation of structural behavior such as a ring deflection, pipe stiffness, 4-point bending test, experimental and analytical studies are conducted. In addition, pipe stiffness is determined by the parallel plate loading tests and the finite element analysis. The difference between test and analysis is about 8% although there are significant variations in the mechanical properties of the pipe material. In addition, it was found by the 4-point bending test there is no problem in the connection between the pipes by coupler.

D2EHPA와 TBP를 PVC에 고정화한 고체상 추출제를 사용한 수용액 중의 Cu(II) 이온 제거특성

감상규 ( Sang Kyu Kam ),이송우 ( Song Woo Lee ),이민규 ( Min Gyu Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Removal characteristics of Cu(II) ions by solid-phase extractant immobilized D2EHPA and TBP in PVC were investigated. Cu(II) ion concentrations in the solution and removal capacity of Cu(II) ion according to operation time were compared. The lower the initial concentration of Cu(II) ion in aqueous solution was, the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion by solid-phase extractant was increased relatively. The bigger the initial concentration of Cu(II) ion was, the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was increased relatively. The pseudo-second-order kinetics according to operation time was showed more satisfying resultsthan the pseudo-first-order kinetics for the removal velocity of Cu(II) ion. The removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was 0.025 mg/g in aqueous solution of pH 2, but the removal capacity of Cu(II) ion was increased to 0.33 mg/g mg/g in aqueous solution of pH 4 according to increasing pH.

Preparation of isotropic pitch precursor for pitch-based carbon fiber through the co-carbonization of ethylene bottom oil and polyvinyl chloride

Jinchang Liu,Hiroki Shimanoe,Koji Nakabayashi,Jin Miyawaki,고승현,전영표,윤성호 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.67 No.-

For the first time, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used as an easily-handled chlorine source for preparation of isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber (IPCF) incorporating ethylene bottom oil (EO) as a raw material. Pitch precursors were prepared by the chlorination–dehydrochlorination triggered by chlorine radicals originated from PVC; aromatization and poly-condensation reactions occurred by polyene-type radicals from PVC. Radical production and co-carbonization were facilitated by pretreatments of EO through vacuum distillation, bromination, and additional heat treatment. Pitches were prepared by the co-carbonization of pretreated EO and EO containing 20 wt% PVC, and had higher yields and better spinnability than those by simple distillation.

지중매설 경질폴리염화비닐관의 구조적 거동

김선희 ( Sun Hee Kim ),천진욱 ( Jin Uk Cheon ),김응호 ( Eung Ho Kim ) 한국복합신소재구조학회 2015 복합신소재구조학회논문집 Vol.6 No.4

The industrialization and urbanization forced to increase the density of pipelines such as water supply, sewers, and gas pipelines. The materials used for the existing pipe lines are mostly composed of concretes and steels, but it is true that the development for more durable and efficient materials has been continued performed to produce long lasting pipe lines. Recently, underground pipes serve in diverse applications such as sewer lines, drain lines, water mains, gas lines, telephone and electrical conduits, culverts, oil lines, etc. In this paper, we present the result of investigation pertaining to the structural behavior of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) flexible pipes buried underground. In the investigation of structural behavior such as a ring deflection, pipe stiffness, 4-point bending test, experimental and analytical studies are conducted. In addition, pipe stiffness is determined by the parallel plate loading tests and the finite element analysis. The difference between test and analysis is about 8% although there are significant variations in the mechanical properties of the pipe material. In addition, it was found by the 4-point bending test there is no problem in the connection between the pipes by coupler.

스코리아 분말을 포함하는 PVC 장판의 제조 방법과 원적외선 방사 특성

이호원,목영선 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2002 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.2

Manufacturing method of PVC(polyvinyl chloride) floorings including waste scoria powder was suggested, and their far-infrared ray emission characteristics were investigated. Scoria powder could be substituted for calcium carbonate which was used as packing material of PVC floorings. Emission power and emissivity of PVC floorings including 10 wt% scoria powder were 358W/㎡ and 0.887. respectively. Their values were higher than control PVC flooring wthout scoria powder. Emission power and emissivity of PVC floorings were increased with scoria contents, but their increasing rate were gradually decreased.

가정용 고무호스에서의 유해화학물질 용출

배석문(Seok Mun Bae),손희종(Hee Jong Son),정현철(Hyun Chul Jeong),최진택(Jin Taek Choi),빈재훈(Jae Hoon Bin) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.9

본 연구에서는 다양한 재질의 가정용 고무호스들(PVC 재질 4종, PE 재질 1종 및 SC 재질 1종)에서의 유해화학물질 용출 특성을 조사하였다. 고무호스 재질별 페놀류 용출 실험결과, PVC 재질의 고무호스들 4종에서 체류시간 96시간 동안 0.36~1.97 mg/L의 페놀류가 용출되는 것으로 나타나 PVC 재질의 고스 호스들에서 가장 많이 용출되는 것으로 나타났다. PE 재질의 경우 PVC 재질에 비해 매우 낮은 용출농도를 나타내었으며 실리콘 재질에서는 용출이 일어나지 않았다. 또한, 체류시간별 총 페놀의 용출 농도변화는 체류시간에 비례하여 직선적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 초기 잔류염소 농도에 따른 총 페놀의 용출 특성 비교에서는 초기 잔류염소가 0.5 mg/L로 존재할 경우가 잔류염소가 존재하지 않는 경우에 비해 3~3.2배 정도 높게 용출되었으며, 수온에 따른 총 페놀의 용출 특성 비교에서는 수온 4℃에 비해 25℃일 경우가 100~104배 정도 높은 용출 농도를 나타내었다. 페놀류 각각에 대한 용출농도를 조사한 결과에서 BPA의 용출농도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났고, 다음으로 DEHP와 2-chlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol 순으로 나타났다. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hoses, polyethylene hose and silicone hose for tap water were tested with respect to migration of phenolic compounds to water. The highest concentrations (0.36~1.97 mg/L) of total phenolic compounds were observed in the test water from PVC hoses. Increasing residual Cl concentration from 0 to 0.5 mg/L or increasing water temperature from 4 to 25℃ increased 3~3.2 times and 100~104 times for migrated total phenolic compounds concentrations, in respectively. A major migrating phenolic compounds from PVC hoses were bisphenol-a (BPA) and it was observed that the concentration of migrating phenolic compounds in the order: DEHP > 2-chlorophenol > 2,4,6-trichlorophenol > 2,4-dichlorophenol from PVC hoses.

휴대용 XRF를 이용한 서울시 학교 내 어린이용

김규상(KyooSang Kim),박현경(Hyunkyung Park),최길용(Gilyoung Choi),임완령(Wanryong Lim),신규진(Kyoojin Shin) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: Excluding in their homes, children spend most of their time at an elementary school, daycare center, and/or kindergarten. For educational or recreational purposes, they make use of many children’s goods at these places. Some children’s goods contain phthalates and heavy metals with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), so due to their physiological and behavioral characteristics children are exposed to high concentrations of phthalates and heavy metals. This study aims to measure PVC and heavy metals, which are harmful substances in children’s goods which can have an effect on children’s health. Methods: Six samples of children’s goods were selected through cases of detected harmful substances and the results of previous research, including assembly blocks, model toys, household toys, bags, indoor play equipment, and floor mats. The selected items were measured using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and the presence and content of environmentally harmful substances such as PVC or heavy metals in the materials of children s goods were examined. Results: The highest detection rate for PVC was observed in floor mats, and bags and indoor play equipment were higher than other goods in this regard. The highest detection rate for heavy metals was found in bags, followed by indoor play equipment, assembly blocks, household toys, model toys and floor mats. Except for bags containing heavy metals, five goods showed the highest level of Pb compared to other heavy metals. Floor mats contained the highest level of Pb, Cr, and Cu among all goods. Conclusion: Many children’s goods contain PVC and heavy metals, and high levels of heavy metals have been detected in some goods. It is necessary to manage children’s goods to support their health.

Dispersion-Flocculation Behavior of Fine Lead Particles in an Organic Solvent

Tsunekawa, Masami,Sasaki, Yuta,Nakamura, Yoshiaki,Ito, Mayumi,Hiroyoshi, Naoki,Yoo, Kyoung Keun The Japan Institute of Metals 2008 Materials transactions Vol.49 No.9

<P>Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is a good solvent for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and it has been proposed for use in PVC recycling. In the recycling process, fine particles of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, used as a thermal stabilizer in PVC products, are dispersed and not dissolved in the solvent. To establish methods for removing of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles from the solvent, factors affecting the dispersion-flocculation behavior of the particles in MEK were investigated.The zeta potential and particle distribution of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles in MEK solutions containing known amounts of H<SUB>2</SUB>O were measured. Above 5 vol%H<SUB>2</SUB>O in MEK solutions, the zeta potential of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles approached zero and the flocculation of particles was achieved. In addition, it was found that Pb<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> affect the zeta potential of the particles. These results indicate that the dispersion-flocculation behavior of lead particles can be influenced by the concentration of H<SUB>2</SUB>O, Pb<SUP>2+</SUP>, and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> in MEK.</P>