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- 주제어 : Tobacco cutworm (검색결과 13 건)
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Biological Control of Tobacco Cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius with Entomopathogenic Nematodes
Park, Sun-Ho,Yu, Yeon-Su,Park, Jae-Sung,Choo, Ho-Yul,Bae, Soon-Do,Nam, Min-Hee The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2001 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.6 No.2
The efficacies of several entomopathogenic nematodes of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp. were examined against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius. H. bacteriophora HY showed 100% mortality after 20 h against 2nd instar of tobacco cutworm. In the case of 3-4th instar, S. carpocapsae PC, H. bacteriophora HY and S. monticola CR showed 100% mortality after 47 h. In the case of 5-6th instar, S. carpocapsae PC proved more effective than the others. Generally, the number of nematodes harvested as their size decreased. Also, the highest number of nematodes was obtained in the 5-6th instar of S. litura by H. bacteriophora HY, showing about $1.3{\times}10^6$ nematodes per larva. In vitro cultured S. carpocapsae PC showed 100% mortality after 73 h against 5-6th instar tobacco cutworm, indicating that nematodes produced in vitro can be potentially used for the biological control of S. litura instead of nematodes in vivo.
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Bumble bee vectored Bacillus thuringiensis for control of tobacco cutworm in greenhouse sweet pepper
Hong-Hyun Park,Jeong Jun Kim,Kwang-Ho Kim,Chang-Gyu Park,SiWoo Lee,Sang-Gye Lee,Les Shipp 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
A bee-vectoring method has been recently developed against greenhouse insect pests. In this study, we conducted experiments to determine if bumble bees, bombus terrestris L. could vector Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai from hives equipped with a pathogen dispenser to leaf and flower of sweet pepper. First, in laboratory, insecticidal activity of B. t. subsp. aizawai NT0423 WP (Tobagi, Dongbu Hitek Co.) against 2nd instar larva of Spodoptera litura Fabricius was evaluated to determine if the amount of B. thuringiensis deposited on the leaf and flower would be sufficient to control the tobacco cutworm. The B. t concentration of the product in this experiment was estimated as 2.8-3.1 x 109 CFU/ml. The B. t. concentration on the body of bumble bees that was captured as they exited hives with filled pathogen dispensers was 4.6 x 109 cfu/ml. At the laboratory bioassay, the mortality of tobacco cutworm was serially measured depending on the pathogen concentrations. At the cage trials, the B. t. delivered by bumble bees was detected in bees, flowers and leaves. Through the several trials, the control effect on the tobacco cutworm has been investigating. The side effect on bumble bee from the first trial was not found in this experiment.
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Jun Hyoung Jeon,Seon Ah Jeong,Ji-Ae Kim,Doo-Sang Park,Boyoon Seo,Hyun-Woo Oh 한국농약과학회 2022 농약과학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura [Fabricius]) is a destructive insect pest distributed in densely cultivated parts of Asia and Australia. This insect shows an explosive increase in its population in summer. Furthermore, tobacco cutworm larvae are very difficult to control because of their strong resistance to commonly applied chemical insecticides. To identify alternative pesticides that circumvent toxic effects to the environment and the threat of insecticide resistance, we aimed to examine plant extracts with insect growth regulatory activity targeting juvenile hormones (JHs). Using RNA sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly, S. litura cDNA sequences of the JH receptor methoprene-tolerant (Met) and steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) were determined and used to generate yeast two-hybrid bait and prey plasmids. The JH/JH analog-mediated binding of Met and SRC was measured by assaying β-galactosidase activity. In the plant extract activity assay, we tested 1,628 plant extracts in transformants bearing Met and SRC. We identified 67 plant extracts with high JH disruptor (JHD) activity in tobacco cutworm, of which Gladiolus gandavensis extract showed the highest JHD activity. Plant-based JHDs might serve as a viable and sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides to control tobacco cutworm infestations in the field.
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곤충기생성 선충, Steinernema feltiae와 Heterorhabditis heliothis를 이용한 고자리파리 및 담배거세미나방의 생물적 방제
추호렬,Harry K. Kaya,David K. Reed 한국응용곤충학회 1988 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.27 No.4
Laboratory trials were conducted for control of onion maggot and tobacco cutworm with entomogenous nematodes. The onion maggot, Delia antiqua, was exposed to Steinernema feltiae at concentration of 0,30,60, 120 or 240 nematodes per larva, and to Heterorhabditis heliot-hidis at concentration of 0, 10, 20, 40 or 80 nematodes per larva. Mortalities of the maggot ranged from 80 to 100% in S. feltiae and from 63.3 to 100% in H. heliothidis. The tobacco cutworm, SpodoPtera litura was exposed to S. feltiae at concentration of 0,50,100,200 or 400 nematodes per larva and to H. heliothidis at concentration of 0,20,40,80 or 160 nematodes per larva with or without kale in petri dish. The 3rd instar larvae of the tobacco cutworm was more susceptible to both nematode species than the 4th or 5th instar at low concentration. Mortalities of the 3rd instar were 100% in S. feltiae and 67.7-100% in H. heliothidis while those of 4th and 5th instar ranged 76.7-100% and 43.3-100% in S. feltiae, and 36.7-90% and 3.3-90% in H. heliothidis, respectively. Mortalities of the tobacco cutworm larvae decreased when the nematodes were sprayed on the kale leaves in petri dish except 3rd instar. 고자리파리와 담배거세미나방을 방제할 목적으로 곤충기생성 선충, S. feltiae와 H. heliothidis를 이용, 실내 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 고자리 파리에서 S. feltiae를 유충 한 마리당 30,60,120,240마리를 접종한 모든 구에서 80-100%의 높은 치사율을 얻었고, H. heliothidis 10,20,40,80마리 접종 구에서도 63.3-100%치사율을 얻었다. 담배거세미나방의 경우 S. feltiae는 유충한마리당 50,100,200,400마리를 접종하여 3령층은 전 선충 접종구에서 100%의 치사율을, 4령충은 76.7-100%, 5령충은 43.3-100%의 치사율을 나타내어 접종량과 령게에 따라 치아율에 차이를 보였다. H. heliothidis는 20,40,80,160마리를 접종하여 3령층에서는 67.7-100%의 높은 치사율을 보였으나 4령충과 5령충에서는 36.7-90%, 3.3-90%의 치사율을 각각 나타내었다. 먹이인 케일에 처리한 경우 S. feltiae는 비교적 효과가 있었으나 H. heliothidis는 효과가 현저히 검소하였다. 그러나 3령충에서는 효과가 있어 3령충이 가장 방제 적기이며 감수적 영기임이 확인되었다.
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Cho, Jum-Rae,Kim, Young-Joon,Kim, Jeong-Jun,Kim, Hong-Sun,Yoo, Jai-Ki,Lee, Jeang-Oon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.1
This research was performed to find out and characterize the specific esterase isozymes related to OP and pyrethroid resistance in the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura(Fabricius). Two laboratory strains (${DSR}_{5}$ and ${CSR}_{4}$) of S.litura, selected with deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos-methyl, had higher larval esterase activities than Haman-collected(HC) strain. Ten esterase isozymes were separated in the wild HC strain on 6.5% nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (pH 8.3), but only 5 of them were detected in the two strains selected with insecticides. The isozymes were designated from E1 to E10 according to their mobility to cathode. E4 was stained more strongly in both laboratory-selected strains than in HC strain. The frequency of E2 in ${DSR}_{5}$ strain was higher than in HC strain. E2 and E4 were proved to be arylesterase and carboxyesterase. respectively, according to enzyme inhibition tests. Thus decreased number and increased intensity of esterase bands in ${DSR}_{5}$ and ${CSR}_{4}$ strain may be associated with insecticide resistance, resulting from selections successively with insecticides for several generations.
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Yang, Ji-Yeon,Kim, Min-Gi,Lee, Hoi-Seon The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.6
Phototactic responses of Spodoptera litura adults to high-power light-emitting diodes (HPLEDs) were investigated at four different wavelengths, various light intensities, and light-exposure times under laboratory conditions. All light sources were significantly attractive to S. litura adults at 40 lx light intensity and 60 min light-exposure time; thus they were established as the optimal conditions. When the attraction rate of S. litura adults was surveyed at the optimal conditions, the green HPLED ($520{\pm}5nm$) exhibited the highest potential attraction rate (64.3%), followed by the blue HPLED ($470{\pm}10nm$, 47.7%), the yellow HPLED ($590{\pm}5nm$, 33.3%), and the red HPLED ($625{\pm}10nm$). Compared to fluorescent light, which was used as a positive control (380-800 nm, 50.0%), the green HPLED was approximately 1.3 times more effective at attracting S. litura adults. In conclusion, use of the green HPLED ($520{\pm}5nm$) was the most suitable for attraction of S. litura adults under optimal conditions.
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Ji-Yeon Yang,김민기,이회선 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.6
Phototactic responses of Spodoptera litura adults to high-power light-emitting diodes (HPLEDs) were investigated at four different wavelengths, various light intensities, and lightexposure times under laboratory conditions. All light sources were significantly attractive to S. litura adults at 40 lx light intensity and 60 min light-exposure time; thus they were established as the optimal conditions. When the attraction rate of S. litura adults was surveyed at the optimal conditions, the green HPLED (520±5 nm)exhibited the highest potential attraction rate (64.3%), followed by the blue HPLED (470±10 nm, 47.7%), the yellow HPLED (590±5nm, 33.3%), and the red HPLED (625±10 nm). Compared to fluorescent light, which was used as a positive control (380–800nm, 50.0%), the green HPLED was approximately 1.3 times more effective at attracting S. litura adults. In conclusion, use of the green HPLED (520±5 nm) was the most suitable for attraction of S. litura adults under optimal conditions.
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모형호,장근복,박정준,이성은,신기일,이준호,조기종 한국응용곤충학회 2013 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.16 No.4
The effects of diet and temperature on instar numbers and head capsule width in Spodoptera litura F. were compared among individuals reared on an artificial diet, lettuce and perilla leaves at 25 and 30 °C. The number of instars that the insect completed varied as diet and temperature were changed. All the larvae developed through seven instars at 25 °C regardless of diet, but at 30 °C, the number of instars varied depending on the diet. All larvae fed on lettuce leaves had six instars, while larvae fed on the artificial diet passed through seven instars. On perilla, 52% of larval individuals had six instars, and the rest had seven instars. Head capsule width could be used effectively to determine the developmental stage of individual larvae. The frequency distribution of head capsule width showed six or seven distinct peaks, depending on diet and temperature conditions. The relationship betweenmean head capsulewidth andweight of larvae was described using an exponential model.
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Ching-Wen Tan,Shaw-Yhi Hwang,Ju-Che Lo,Jitendra Yadav,Kaliova Tavou Ravuiwasa 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.3
Defensive proteins, such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and trypsin inhibitor (TI), are induced by herbivore wounding and exogenous methyl jasmonate application in various plant species. This study was conducted to measure induction of PPO and TI in radish, sweet pepper, tomato, and water spinach plants following herbivore wounding (I), methyl jasmonate application (M), and a combination of the two treatments (M+I). The effect of induced responses was also examined against third instar Spodoptera litura Fab. PPO activity was induced in radish by treatment I only; in sweet pepper, by treatments I and M; in tomato, by treatments I, M,and M+I; and in water spinach, by treatments M and M+I. The activity of TI was enhanced 1.2–1.4-fold in radish, sweet pepper, and tomato by M and M+I treatments, whereas in water spinach, it was enhanced 1.2-fold by all 3 treatments. The relative growth rate (RGR) of S. litura was reduced by 53% on radish plants following M treatment only. It was reduced by 37% and 42% on sweet paper plants following M and M+I treatment, respectively. RGR was significantly reduced on test tomato plants following I, M, and M+I treatments. The RGR of S. litura was unaffected on water spinach plants following any treatment. Collectively,the results of this study indicated that induction of plant defensive proteins in response to S. litura feeding or exogenous methyl jasmonate application varied among plant species, which further affected the induced plant resistance to the caterpillars.
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