Safety Oimate Practice and its Affecting Variables in the Chemical Process Industry

백종배,Baek, Jong-Bae The Korean Society of Safety 2006 한국안전학회지 Vol.21 No.4

이 논문의 주요 목적은 안전 분위기를 확인하여 공장과 근로자의 안전문화 수준에 영향을 주는 변수들을 찾아내고 더 나아가 화학공장의 안전문화를 향상시킬 수 있는 영향요소를 찾는데 있다. 이 논문에 사용된 질문표는 영국의 HSE(Health and Safety Executive) 의 질문표를 근간으로 문헌 조사를 통하여 경영자와 근로자로 분류하여 개발하였다. 안전문화 수준을 확인하기 위해 빈도수 분석을 하였으며 공장규모, 사고 발생, 사고 및 상해 경험과 심각성, 그리고 고용기간 등과 같은 영향변수들은 ANOVA(Analysis of Variance) 분석을 적용하여 테스트하였다. 빈도수 분석의 결과 일반적으로 경영자와 근로자 모두가 안전문화의 수준이 높게 나타났으며 주된 문제점들로는 부적당한 안전 보건 절차와 규칙, 생산에 대한 압력, 그리고 규칙위반으로 나타났다. 또한 ANOVA 분석결과에 의하면, '고용기간'은 다른 안전 문화의 수준을 만드는 유일한 변수인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 안전문화의 조사로부터 공장들의 안전 문화요소에 대한 주요 3가지 문제점과 안전문화수준을 발견하였으며 안전 이행 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 2가지 영향요소를 제안하였다. The major purpose of this paper to identify safety climate practices, and to find the affecting variables that influence to the difference in the level of safety climate between plants and employees. And this paper attempted to find the interventions for improving safety climate in the chemical plants. The questionnaires were developed from literature review, especially made by HSE(Health and Safety Executive) in the UK and distributed to managers and workers. The frequency analysis was applied for identifying the level of safety climate. The affecting variables(plant size, accident occurrence, accident experience, injury experience and severity, and length of employment) are tested through analysis of variance(ANOVA). The results of frequency analysis showed that both managers and workers recorded generally high level of safety climate, and the major underlying problems are inadequate H&S procedures/rules, pressure for production, and rule breaking. According to the outcomes of ANOVA, the variable 'length of employment' is the only variable which makes the level of safety climate different. From the survey of safety climate practice, this study finds the level of safety climate and three major underlying problems in safety climate factors of the responded plants, and presents two interventions for improving safety performance. Despite of these outcomes, the applied factors are remained questionable for reflecting as the best ones for identifying safety climate in the chemical industry. In addition, the bias caused by self-report exist in the reliability of the response, and the equivalent size of respondents.

건설 안전관리를 위한 Safety Climate 평가요인별 중요도 분석 연구

한범진 ( Han¸ Bum-jin ),김태희 ( Kim¸ Taehui ),손승현 ( Son¸ Seunghyun ) 한국건축시공학회 2023 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.23 No.5

Pervasive research underscores the direct correlation between an enhanced safety climate and a marked reduction in accidents. The intricacies of safety climate are governed by three pivotal strata: organizational management, on-site operations, and the broader enterprise framework. Within an organizational context, sustaining optimal performance across these layers poses a considerable challenge, often attributable to the constraints of available managerial bandwidth. It becomes imperative, then, to conceive a phased enhancement blueprint for the safety climate. To orchestrate this blueprint with precision, a discerning understanding of the hierarchy of safety climate metrics is essential, which subsequently guides judicious managerial resource allocation. This investigation is anchored in elucidating the hierarchical significance of safety climate metrics through the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP). Implementing the AHP framework, both a questionnaire was disseminated and a subsequent analysis undertaken, culminating in the extraction of relative priorities of safety climate determinants. Consequent to this analysis, “workers’ safety prioritization and risk aversion” emerged as the foremost dimension, holding a significance weight of 0.1900. Furthermore, within the detailed elements, “unwavering adherence to safety mandates amidst demanding operational constraints” ranked supreme, manifesting a weight of 0.6663. The findings encapsulated in this study are poised to be foundational in sculpting improvements at an institutional level and devising policies, all with the end goal of fostering an exemplar safety climate within construction arenas.

대학 연구실 안전리더십과 안전행동 간의 관계 분석 - 안전 풍토의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

조한진 사단법인 한국안전문화학회 2022 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.15

The main cause of university laboratory accidents is anxiety behavior of researchers, and it is time to strengthen safety behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of the safety leadership of the supervisor, who has the greatest authority in the university laboratory, on the safety behavior of researchers and the safety climate of the laboratory. To this end, hypotheses were established based on the results of previous studies, and a survey was conducted on university laboratory researchers. A total of 321 copies were used for analysis, and as for the survey tool, the tool developed in previous studies was modified and used according to the situation of the university laboratory. Reliability analysis of the tool was performed, and exploratory factor analysis was performed for validity analysis. As a result, the validity of the tool was proven. In addition, the reliability of the tool was higher than .90. SPSS PROCESS MACRO 4 was used for mediating effect analysis, and the main results are as follows. First, it was found that transformational safety leadership and transactional safety leadership had a positive effect on safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior. Through this, the supervisor, who is in charge of the university's laboratory, needs to lead the affiliated laboratory researchers with transformational and transactional safety leadership. Second, it was found that transformational safety leadership and transactional safety leadership had a positive effect on the laboratory safety climate. In addition, it was found that the laboratory safety climate had a positive effect on safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior. Through this, the safety climate plays an important role in strengthening the safety behavior of university laboratory researchers in the future, so universities need to operate various programs to create a safety climate for laboratories. Third, it was found that the safety climate plays a mediating role in the transformative safety leadership and safety compliance behavior, safety participation consent relationship, transactional safety leadership and safety compliance behavior, and safety participation consent. The safety behavior of university laboratory researchers is directly affected by the safety leadership of the supervisor, but it was also found that they are also affected by the safety climate of the laboratory. Suggestions for future research are as follows. First, it is necessary to analyze in detail in consideration of the research field of the university laboratory. Second, it is necessary to identify additional variables that influence the creation of a safe climate in the laboratory. Through this, it is necessary to prepare a plan to improve the safety climate of the laboratory.

항공사 객실승무원의 감정노동이 안전 분위기와 안전행동에 미치는 영향

안명숙 한국호텔리조트학회 2020 호텔리조트연구 Vol.19 No.2

The current study examined the effects of flight attendants’ emotional labor(SA: surface acting, DA: deep acting) on safety climate and safety behavior. Particularly, it focused on the mediating effects of safety climate on the relationship between emotional labor and safety behavior. Using data collected from a survey of 312 respondents working as flight attendants of a major airline company in Korea. The analysis was carried out using SPSS. The results are as follows: Firstly, SA has negative effect on safety climate, but DA has positive effect on safety climate. Secondly, safety climate consists of three dimension: TL(team leader’s safety consciousness), TC(team members’ communication), RT(safety regulation & training). However only TC and RT increase safety behavior if all dimensions of safety climate were working together. Thirdly, surface acting has no effect on safety behavior, but deep acting has direct influence on safety behavior. Lastly the effect of surface acting on safety behavior was not mediated by safety climate, while the effect of deep acting on safety behavior was mediated by safety climate(TL, TC, RT). These results present that airline companies need to focus on how to increase DA and to make safety climate positively in order to prevent or minimize safety accidents in the cabin.

팀내 과업 및 관계갈등간 영향관계에서 참여적 안전 풍토의 조절역할에 관한 연구

김학수,이준호 한국기업경영학회 2012 기업경영연구 Vol.19 No.6

As uncertainties grow in the business environment, more and more companies have come to see teams as a basic element of their organizational structure. Though teams play an essential role in helping an organization achieve its goals, the continued interdependence characteristic of teams in performing a task inevitably leads to conflicts among team members. That necessitates the need to discuss conflicts that can undermine team effectiveness and may act as a barrier to helping the organization achieve its goals. A host of researches looking into differential influences relationship and task conflicts have on teach effectiveness have separated positive effects from negative ones, and also have practical implications for conflict management. Yet, these researches on effect relations between task conflict and relationship conflict also came to view various causes of conflicts as dysfunctional relation conflicts, thus ultimately weakening team effectiveness. So, for the purpose of enhancing positive effects of conflicts, situational factors which lessen the effects of task conflict on relation conflict need to be taken into consideration. Yet, empirical research on this is relatively limited. This study views participative safety climate as one of the situational moderating factors that plays an indispensable role between task conflict and relationship conflict in the teams. Participative safety climate, a sense that team members can participate in decision making and can share ideas without fear of ridicule or ostracism, will have a negative moderating effects between task conflict and relationship conflict in the teams. This study has used materials collected from heads of 276 teams to empirically analyze the impact of task conflict on relationship conflict as well as the moderating roles of participative safety climate in the teams. The results of the analysis show that task conflict has had a positive impact on relationship conflict in the teams. In addition, as for the negatively moderating roles of participative safety climate in a relationship between task conflict and relationship conflict in the teams, the greater the participative safety climate, the less the significant effect of task conflict on relationship conflict.Theoretical contributions of this paper are as follow. First of all, this research empirically investigated the relationship conflict and task conflict of the teams in Korean companies. Secondly, the negatively moderating role of participative safety climate on the relationship between task conflict and relationship conflict is empirically proved. Several practical implications are also suggested. First of all, the research finding strongly advises team leaders in organizations to maximize participative safety climate to get away from relationship conflict. While relationship conflict should be prevented, task conflict is not always unfavorable; rather, task conflict would be beneficial if well managed. Secondly, organizations and team leaders should facilitate the participation of team members and communication with them when the organizations, teams are involved in empowerment, role assignment and resource allocation, all of which are reconciling behavior that maximize participative safety climate. Third, participative safety climate that debilitates transference of conflict should be considered as a useful practice of conflict management since it enables team members to understand and appreciate the differences among them. Thus, an organization and its leader should implement and facilitate this climate. Moreover, we emphasize that interpersonal interaction among team members enables team-level goal achievement. Therefore, a firm and its managers should maintain team atmosphere based not on monolithic and oppressive organizational culture but on mutual respect and trust. This atmosphere will attenuate the relationship conflict among team members while it assists in the enhancement of efficient, effec... 경영환경의 불확실성이 높아지면서, 기업들은 조직구조의 기본단위로 팀을 활용하고 있다. 팀은 조직목표 달성의 필수적 역할을 수행하는 반면, 팀 구성원간의 지속적인 상호작용으로 인하여 필연적으로 팀 구성원간의 갈등을 동반하게 된다. 따라서 팀 효과성을 약화시키고, 조직목표 달성의 방해요인이 되는 갈등에 대한 논의는 필요하다. 관계 및 과업갈등이 팀 효과성에 미치는 차별적인 영향력 연구들은 갈등의 순기능과 역기능을 구분하고, 갈등 관리의 실무적 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 과업갈등과 관계갈등간의 영향관계를 규명한 연구들은 팀 구성원들이 다양한 갈등 원인들을 역기능적인 관계갈등으로 인식하게 되고 궁극적으로 갈등이 팀 효과성을 약화시킨다고 보았다. 따라서 갈등의 순기능을 강화하기 위하여 과업갈등이 관계갈등에 미치는 효과를 약화시키는 상황적 요인을 고려할 필요가 있으나, 이에 대한 연구는 제한적인 상태이다. 본 연구는 상황적 조절요인으로 참여적 안전 풍토를 규명하였다. 참여적 안전 풍토는 팀 구성원들 간의 상호 조롱 및 멸시 없이 아이디어를 공유할 수 있는 풍토를 조성하므로, 과업갈등과 관계갈등간의 영향관계를 약화시킬 수 있다. 본 연구는 276개 팀의 팀장을 통해 수집한 자료로 과업갈등이 관계갈등에 미치는 영향 및 참여적 안전 풍토의 조절역할을 실증 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 과업갈등은 관계갈등에 정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 참여적 안전 풍토의 조절역할을 보면, 참여적 안전 풍토가 높을수록 과업갈등이 관계갈등에 미치는 정적인 영향이 약화되는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 연구의 시사점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다

연구실 문화유형이 연구활동종사자들의 안전행동에 미치는 영향

조한진(Han Jin Jo),이황원(Hwang Won Lee),노영희(Young Hee Roh) 안전문화포럼 2023 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.25

본 연구의 목적은 연구실 문화유형을 집단문화, 개발문화, 위계문화, 합리문화의 4가지로 구분하고 안전행동에 미치는 영향 관계에서 안전분위기의 매개효과를 확인하는 것이다. 이를 통하여 향후 연구실 안전 관련 정책수립과 안전교육 방향성 확보에 기초자료를 제공하여 연구실에서 발생하는 사고 예방에 이바지하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 연구실 문화유형, 안전분위기, 안전행동 간의 영향력을 검정하기 위하여 선행연구를 바탕으로 설문 도구를 개발하였다. 설문 조사는 연구실안전법 적용대상의 연구활동종사자를 대상으로 온라인으로 실시하였으며, 총 420개를 회수하고, 최종 364개를 활용하여 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구실 집단문화, 개발문화, 위계문화, 합리문화유형은 모두 연구실 안전분위기에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 연구실 집단문화, 개발문화, 위계문화, 합리문화유형은 모두 연구활동종사자의 안전행동에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 연구실 안전분위기는 연구실 문화유형이 연구자의 안전행동에 미치는 영향 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 연구실 안전분위기 하위요인 중 안전규정과 안전교육은 연구실 집단문화, 개발문화, 위계문화, 합리문화가 안전행동의 하위요인인 안전순응 행동에 미치는 영향 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 연구실 안전분위기 하위요인 중 안전교육과 안전소통은 연구실 집단문화, 개발문화, 위계문화, 합리문화가 안전행동의 하위요인인 안전참여에 미치는 영향 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 종합하면 연구실 문화의 모든 유형은 연구활동종사자들의 안전행동에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 안전분위기는 이들 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 세부적으로 안전순응 행동을 증가시키기 위해서는 연구실의 안전규정과 안전교육 강화가 필요하고, 안전참여 행동을 증가시키기 위해서는 연구실 안전교육과 안전소통의 강화가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 안전분위기 하위요인 중 안전교육은 모든 변인 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타나 기관 안전환경관리자와 연구실책임자는 연구활동종사자들의 안전교육이 잘 이수 될 수 있도록 각별한 신경을 써야 할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study is to classify laboratory culture types into four types: group culture, development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture, and to confirm the mediating effect of safety climate in the relationship of influence on safety behavior. Through this, we aim to contribute to preventing accidents that occur in laboratories by providing basic data for establishing future laboratory safety-related policies and securing safety education directions. To this end, a survey tool was developed based on previous research to test the influence between laboratory culture type, safety climate, and safety behavior. The survey was conducted online targeting people engaged in research activities subject to the Laboratory Safety Act, a total of 420 were collected, and the final 364 were used for analysis. The main research results are as follows. First, the types of laboratory group culture, development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture were all found to have a positive effect on the laboratory safety climate. Second, the types of laboratory group culture, development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture were all found to have a positive effect on the safety behavior of researchers. Third, the laboratory safety climate was found to play a mediating role in the relationship between the influence of laboratory culture type on researchers' safety behavior. Fourth, among the sub-factors of laboratory safety climate, safety regulations and safety education were found to play a mediating role in the relationship between the influence of laboratory group culture, development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture on safety compliance behavior, which is a sub-factor of safety behavior. Fifth, among the sub-factors of laboratory safety climate, safety education and safety communication were found to play a mediating role in the relationship between the influence of laboratory group culture, development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture on safety participation, which is a sub-factor of safety behavior. Summarizing these results, all types of laboratory culture were found to have a positive effect on the safety behavior of researchers, and safety climate was found to play a mediating role in these relationships. In detail, it was found that in order to increase safety compliance behavior, the laboratory's safety regulations and safety education should be strengthened, and in order to increase safety participation behavior, laboratory safety education and safety communication should be strengthened. In particular, among the safety climate sub-factors, safety education appears to mediate the relationship between all variables, so institutional safety environment managers and laboratory directors need to pay special attention to ensure that safety education is successfully completed by those engaged in research activities.

상급지휘관의 안전리더십이 예하 부대 안전행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 보병사단을 대상으로

홍기표(Hong Gi Pyo),최종근(Choi Jong Ggeun) 사단법인 안전문화포럼 2021 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.12

중장비와 화기를 다루는 군에서의 안전사고는 사회에서의 안전사고에 비해 더 큰 위험성을 가지고 있다. 군에서도 안전사고 발생을 최소화하기 위해 지속적인 안전교육과 위험성평가 등이 이루어지고 있지만, 안전사고는 줄지 않고 꾸준히 발생하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 국내 외 연구 중 지도자의 안전 리더십이 안전행동에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 것에 기반 하여 육군이 갖고 있는 특수성 속에서도 지휘관의 변혁적 안전리더십이 안전행동에 동일하게 유의미한 영향을 미치는지 알아보도록 한다. 본 연구를 통해 알게 된 사실은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 군 사단의 변혁적 안전리더십이 안전행동에 정적인 영향을 미치고 그 과정에서 안전풍토가 부분매개변수의 역할을 한다는 것을 발견하였다. 안전리더십과 안전행동에 상관관계에 대해 연구한 선행연구들은 안전리더십과 안전행동 간에 안전 분위기, 안전 동기 등의 매개효과를 밝히고 안전 동기가 안전행동으로 이어진다는 심리학적 개념을 사용했다. 하지만 안전풍토가 변혁적 안전리더십과 안전행동의 부분매개변수라는 점을 밝힌 선행연구가 없다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 둘째, 군의 안전풍토의 서로 다른 하위요인이 각각 안전행동에 다른 영향을 미치는 것이 아니라 상호유기적인 관계로 안전풍토의 서로 다른 하위요인들이 하나의 안전풍토라는 통합적 개념으로 안전행동에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알아냈다. 연구를 시작하기 전 ‘안전풍토의 서로 다른 하위요인이 각각 안전행동에 미치는 영향이 다를 것’이라는 예상과는 다른 결과였다. 요인분석을 실시하는 과정 속에서 군 사단의 변혁적 안전리더십이 안전행동에 미치는 영향에서 안전풍토의 하위요인이 각각 다른 영향을 미치는 것이 아니라 전체 하위요인이 하나의 요인으로 간주되어 적용하는 것이 타당하다는 것이다. 셋째, 군 안전풍토가 안전참여행동과 안전순응행동에 미치는 영향의 차이가 유의미하지 않다는 것이다. 안전풍토가 안전참여행동 및 안전순응행동에 정적인 영향을 미친다는 것은 선행연구들과 동일하게 판명되었다. 하지만 변혁적 안전리더십의 영향을 받은 안전 분위기, 안전 동기가 안전참여행동과 안전순응행동에 미치는 영향의 정도가 다르다는 선행연구와는 달리 변혁적 안전리더십이 안전풍토를 부분매개변수로 하여 안전참여행동과 안전순응행동에 미치는 영향의 정도가 유의미하게 차이나지 않는다는 것이다. 이와 같은 연구결과가 나온 이유는 군의 상명하복 문화와 크게 연관되어 있을 것이라고 판단하였다. 군은 지휘관의 명령 및 지시사항을 반드시 수명해야 한다는 상명하복 문화가 뿌리 깊게 있기 때문에 지휘관의 안전리더십으로 인한 규정과 지침을 즉각 수용하는 과정에서 안전리더십이 안전참여행동과 안전순응행동에 미치는 영향이 유의미한 차이를 보이게 된다. 하지만 안전풍토는 즉각적인 수용이 필요하지 않기 때문에 안전풍토로 인해 안전참여행동과 안전순응행동에 미치는 영향의 정도가 유의미하게 차이나지 않는 것으로 판단하였다. 본 연구는 몇 가지 한계점을 내포하고 있다. 첫째, 본 연구는 군 전체를 대상으로 한 것이 아닌 육군의 특정 지역에 있는 부대를 대상으로 설문조사를 했기 때문에 본 연구의 결과를 군 전체로 일반화하기에는 무리가 있다. 차후 타 지역에 있는 부대 혹은 타군까지 연구 범위를 넓혀 같은 결과가 나온다면 더욱 폭넓게 연구결과를 일반화할 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 설문지에 측정 내용은 군 장병을 대상으로 했기 때문에 일부 수정되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 민간인까지 일반화하기에는 무리가 있다. 민간인을 대상으로 하는 설문은 기존 Mohamed의 설문을 바탕으로 재구성 하는 것이 바람직하다. 셋째, 설문을 실시한 시기가 전례 없는 코로나 바이러스가 전 세계를 강타한 시기이기 때문에 포스트 코로나 시대의 설문 결과와는 다른 결과 값이 나왔을 가능성이 있다. 코로나가 종식된 이후에 동일한 설문을 같은 집단에 다시 실시해 비교 분석하는 것도 의미 있는 연구가 될 것이다. Safety accidents in the military, which deal with heavy equipment and firearms, pose a greater risk than safety accidents in society. In order to minimize the occurrence of safety accidents in the county, continuous safety education and risk assessment are being conducted, but the reality is that safety accidents are occurring steadily without decreasing. Based on the fact that leaders safety leadership has a significant impact on safety behavior during domestic and foreign studies, it is necessary to find out whether transformative safety leadership of commanders has the same significant impact on safety behavior. The following is what I learned from this study. First, we found that transformative safety leadership of the military division has a static effect on safety behavior and that safety climate plays a role as a partial parameter in the process. Prior studies that studied the correlation between safety leadership and safety behavior revealed the mediating effects of safety atmosphere and safety motivation between safety leadership and safety behavior, and used psychological concepts that safety motivation leads to safety behavior. However, it is meaningful in that there is no prior study that reveals that the safety climate is a partial parameter of transformative safety leadership and safety behavior. Second, we find that different sub-factors of the military s safety climate do not have different effects on safety behavior, but because they are mutually organic, different sub-factors of the safety climate affect safety behavior under the integrated concept of a single safety climate. Before starting the study, it was a different result from the expectation that different sub-factors of the safety climate will have different effects on safety behavior. In the course of factor analysis, the military s transformational safety leadership has found that it is reasonable to apply the entire sub-factor as a factor, rather than each having a different effect on safety behavior. Third, it was found that the difference in the impact of the military safety climate on safety cham travel and safety conformity behavior was not significant. It has proved the same as previous studies that safety climate has a static effect on safety cham travel and safety conformity behaviour. However, unlike previous studies that show that safety atmosphere influenced by transformative safety leadership and safety motivation have different effects on safety travel and safety conformity behavior, transformative safety leadership does not significantly vary. The reason for this study was determined to be largely related to the culture of the county s top-down and bottom-down. Since the military has a deep underlying culture that commands and instructions from commanders must live, the impact of safety leadership on safety travel and safety conformity behavior will be significant in the process of immediately accepting regulations and guidelines. However, because safety climate does not require immediate acceptance, it was determined that the degree of impact on safety cham travel and safety conformity behavior was not significantly different. This study contains several limitations. First, the results of this study are unreasonable to generalize to the military as a whole, as this study surveyed units in a specific area of the Army, not the entire military. If the same results are obtained by expanding the scope of the research to units or other groups in other regions in the future, the research results can be generalized more widely. Second, the measurements in the questionnaire were partially modified because they targeted military personnel. Therefore, it is difficult to generalize the findings to civilians. It is desirable to reconstruct surveys targeting civilians based on existing Mohammed surveys. Therefore, it is…

Measuring Safety Culture on Ships Using Safety Climate: A Study among Indian Officers

Yogendra BHATTACHARYA 국제이네비해양경제학회 2015 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.3 No.1

Workplace safety continues to be an area of concern in the maritime industry due to the international nature of the operations. The effectiveness of extensive legislation to manage shipboard safety remains in doubt. The focus must therefore shift towards the human element - seafarers and their perceptions of safety. The study aims to understand the alignment that exists between safety culture and safety climate on board ships as perceived by seafarers. The underlying factors of safety climate were identified using factor analysis which isolated seven factors - Support on Safety, Organizational Support, Resource Availability, Work Environment, Job Demands, 'Just' Culture, and Safety Compliance. The perception of safety level of seafarers was found to be low indicating the existence of misalignments between safety culture values and the actual safety climate. The study also reveals that the safety perceptions of officers employed directly by ship owners and those by managers do not differ significantly, nor do they differ between senior and junior officers. A shift in perspective towards how seafarers themselves feel towards safety might provide more effective solutions – instead of relying on regulations - and indeed aid in reducing incidents on board. This paper details practical suggestions on how to identify the factors that contribute towards a better safety climate on board ships.

안전풍토가 종업원 직무태도에 미치는 영향: 외투기업과 국내기업 비교

이경재,여경환,Lee, Kyung Jae,Yeo, Kyung Hwan 한국안전학회 2017 한국안전학회지 Vol.32 No.5

This study examined the role of safety climate, organizational trust, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. In addition, the study verified the mediating effect of organizational trust between safety climate, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Targeting population were the workers in the manufacturing sector. First, it was figured out that employees' recognition of organizations' safety climate has an effect positively on both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Second, it turns out that individuals' safety awareness has a positive effect on the both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Third, it was figured out that organizational trust plays a role as mediation when employees' recognition of organizations' safety climate has an effect positively on both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Fourth, the result revealed that foreign investment company moderated the relationship between safety climate and organizational climate. Fifth, organizational trust mediates the relationship that the individuals' safety awareness are positively affected on the both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Finally, The results of four hypotheses using intermediary variable in which organizational trust mediates the relationship between the safety climate and "work attitude" such as job satisfaction and organization commitment demonstrate significance of trust in organization in connecting safety climate and work attitude. Therefore, when trust in organization is enhanced, work attitude such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment could be improved.

병원조직구성원의 안전문화풍토와 안전이행에 대한 설명모형

정수경 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.8

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a structural model of safety climate and safety compliance of hospital organization employees. Data were collected from July 13th to August 26th, 2009 using self-reported questionnaires with 130 items. The sample was 223 self-reported questionnaires from nurses, interns and residents who work at a university hospital in Seoul. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 Windows program for descriptive data analysis and Amos 17.0 Windows program for covariance structural analysis. The model showed a higher degree of compatibility with the empirical data(χ2=158.575, DF=87, CMIN/DF=1.823, p=.000, GFI= .921, AGFI=.876, RMR=.014, RMSEA=.061, NNFI=.946, NFI=.918, CF1=.961, PNFI=.666). The safety climate was directly influenced by the safety knowledge (β=-1.672, C.R.=-4.446) and the safety perception (β=2.454, C.R.=7.553). These variables explained 98% of the variance of the safety climate. The safety compliance was directly influenced by the safety knowledge (β=-4.669, C.R.=-2.664), the safety perception (β=7.677, C.R.=3.713) and the safety climate (β=-2.844, C.R.=-4.062). These variables explained 96% of the variance of safety compliance. These findings suggest that comprehensive interventions for enhancing the safety climate and compliance of hospital organization employees should be focused on developing the safety knowledge and perception of hospital organization employees. 본 연구는 우리나라 병원조직구성원의 안전문화풍토와 안전이행에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하는 설명모형을 개발고자 시행되었다. 자료수집은 2009년 7월 13일부터 2009년 8월 26일까지 서울의 일대학병원 간호사, 인턴 및 전공의를 대상으로 총130문항의 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였으며 총223부가 최종분석에 사용되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 12.0과 AMOS 17.0 Windows program을 사용하여 공분산 구조분석을 실시하였다. 가설적 모형의 적합도는 χ2=158.575, DF=87, CMIN/DF=1.823, p<000, GFI=.921, AGFI=.876, RMR=.014, RMSEA=.061, NNFI=.946, NFI=.918, CF1=.961, PNFI=.666으로 비교적 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 안전문화풍토는 안전지식(β=-1.672, C.R.=-4.446)과 안전지각(β=2.454, C.R.=7.553)에 의해 98% 설명되었으며, 안전이행은 안전지식(β=-4.669, C.R.=-2.664)과 안전지각(β=7.677, C.R.=3.713), 안전문화풍토(β=-2.844, C.R.=-4.062)로부터 직접적인 영향을 받으며 96%가 설명되어, 안전지각이 안전이행에 가장 크게 기여하는 요인으로 나타났다. 이는 병원조직구성원의 안전지식을 높이고 안전지각 향상을 도모함으로써 안전문화풍토와 안전이행의 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.