고온 저장에 따른 lipoxygenase-3 결핍 벼 계통의 종자 수명 및 고미취 특성 분석

이건미,박현수,백만기,김춘송,박슬기,이창민,서정필,조영찬 한국국제농업개발학회 2019 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

The absence of LOX-3 is reported that could contribute to enhance seed longevity and reduce stale flavor after storage in rice. Previously, we developed LOX-3 null rice line, Jeonju624, in the genetic background of Saenuri, mega variety of Korea. To elucidate the effect of introduction of LOX-3 null allele, we analyzed the seed longevity, fat acidity, LOX activity, and hexanal content under the high temperature storage. LOX-3 null rice, Daw Dam and Jeonju624 showed higher seed longevity than normal LOX-3 rice, Nampyeong and Saenuri. Fat acidities and LOX activities of Daw Dam and Jeonju624 showed lower variation than those of Nampyeong and Saenuri after storage. Hexanal, major component of stale flavor of stored rice, contents of Daw Dam and Jeonju624 showed lower value and variation than that of Nampyeong and Saenuri. Jeonju624 exhibited an enhanced seed longevity and an reduced stale flavor than Saenuri. In this study, we confirmed the effect of introduction of LOX-3 null allele to seed longevity and stale flavor under the high temperature storage. 벼의 Lipoxygenase-3 (LOX-3)는 벼의 저장 후 종자 수명과 고미취 발생에 관련이 있다. LOX-3 결핍은 저장 후 종자수명 향상과 고미취 발생 저감에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져있다. 본 연구는 국내 대면적 재배 품종인 새누리의 근동질계통으로 LOX-3가 결핍된 전주624호의 고온 저장 후 종자 수명과 고미취 관련 특성을 분석함으로써 LOX-3 결핍 대립유전자 도입에 따른 저장 후 효과를 구명하고자 수행되었다. 건열 처리 및 고온 저장 후 발아율 검정에서 LOX-3 결핍자원인 다우담과 전주624호가 LOX-3 보유 품종인 남평과 새누리에 비해 발아율이 높았다. 고온 저장 후 지방산가 함량은 저장 전후 모두 전주624호가 가장 낮았고, 함량 차이는 다우담(2.0 KOH mg/100g), 전주624호(2.2), 남평(4.0), 새누리(4.2) 순으로 LOX-3 결핍 자원이 LOX-3 보유 품종에 비해 적었다. 고온 저장 후 LOX 효소 활성은 저장 전후 모두 다우담이가장 낮았고, 활성 차이는 다우담(4.8 unit/mg protein), 전주624호(8.9), 남평(20.30), 새누리(22.72) 순으로 LOX-3 결핍자원이 LOX-3 보유 품종에 비해 적었다. 고온 저장 후 hexanal 함량은 저장 전후 모두 전주624호가가장 낮았고, 함량 차이는 전주624호(1,333 peak), 다우담(1,839), 새누리(5,238), 남평(36,427) 순으로 LOX-3 결핍 자원이 LOX-3 보유 품종에 비해 적었다. 전주624호는 새누리 유전 배경에 LOX-3가 결핍된 근동질계통으로 저장 후 종자 수명 향상과 고미취 저감효과가 확인되었다. 이를 통해 LOX-3 결핍 대립유전자의 도입은 저장 후종자 수명 향상과 고미취 저감에 효과가 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

Fluid shear stress regulates the expression of Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 via KLF2-AP-1 pathway depending on its intensity and pattern in endothelial cells

Lee, Ji Yoon,Chung, Jihwa,Kim, Kyoung Hwa,An, Shung Hyun,Kim, Minsuk,Park, Junbeom,Kwon, Kihwan Elsevier 2018 Atherosclerosis Vol.270 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background and aims</B></P> <P>Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to fluid shear stress (FSS), which modulates vascular pathophysiology. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is crucial in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. We elucidated the mechanism regulating LOX-1 expression in ECs by FSS.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to laminar shear stress (LSS) of indicated intensities using a unidirectional steady flow, or to oscillatory shear stress (OSS) using a bidirectional disturbed flow. <I>In vivo</I> studies were performed in a mouse model of partial carotid ligation and human pulmonary artery sections.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Within ECs, OSS upregulated LOX-1 expression, while LSS (20 dyne/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) downregulated it. We confirmed that OSS-induced LOX-1 expression was suppressed when the mechanotransduction was inhibited by knockdown of the mechanosensory complex. In addition, we demonstrated that Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) has an inhibitory role on OSS-induced LOX-1 expression. Next, we determined that activator protein-1 (AP-1) was the key transcription factor inducing LOX-1 expression by OSS, which was inhibited by KLF2 overexpression. To explore whether the intensity of LSS affects LOX-1 expression, we tested three different intensities (20, 60, and 120 dyne/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) of LSS. We observed higher LOX-1 expression with high shear stresses of 120 dyne/cm<SUP>2</SUP> compared to 20 and 60 dyne/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, with OSS-like KLF2-AP-1 signaling patterns. Furthermore, ECs within disturbed flow regions showed upregulated LOX-1 expression <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>We concluded that LOX-1 expression on ECs is regulated via FSS depending on its intensity as well as pattern. Furthermore, this is mediated through the KLF2-AP1 pathway of mechanotransduction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fluid shear stress regulates LOX-1 expression in vascular ECs through mechanosensory complex. </LI> <LI> KLF2-AP-1 pathway is involved in LOX-1 expression in ECs by FSS. </LI> <LI> Pathologically high shear stress exceeding the normal physiological range acts similar to OSS by inducing LOX-1 expression through the KLF2-AP-1 pathway. </LI> <LI> In a mouse model of partial carotid artery ligation, LOX-1 expression in ECs is upregulated in regions of pro-atherogenic disturbed flow. </LI> <LI> In human pulmonary artery sections, disturbed flow regions showed upregulated LOX-1 expression. </LI> </UL> </P>

Development and Utilization of KASP Markers Targeting the Lipoxygenase Gene in Soybean

신서영,강세희,강병희,Sreeparna Chowdhury,이원호,이정동,이성우,최유미,하보근 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.4

Lipoxygenase gives soybeans their grassy flavor, which can disrupt food processing efficiency. This study aimed to identify soybean genotypes with lipoxygenase deficiency among 1,001 soybean accessions and to develop kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers that can detect lipoxygenase mutations. Three lipoxygenase isozymes (Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3) were analyzed using a colorimetric assay based on a substrate-enzyme reaction. Among the 1,001 accessions examined, two (IT160160 and IT276392) exhibited a deficiency solely in Lox1, and one (IT269984) lacked both Lox1 and Lox2. IT160160 had a 74-bp deletion in exon 8 of Lox1 (Glyma13g347600), whereas IT276392 displayed a missense mutation involving the change of C to A at position 2,880 of Lox1. Moreover, we successfully developed four KASP markers that specifically target Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 mutations. To validate the Lox1 KASP markers, we used two F2:3 populations generated through a cross between Daepung 2 (lipoxygenase wild type, maternal parent), IT160160, and IT276392 (null Lox1, paternal parent). The results revealed that the Daepung 2 × IT160160 group followed the expected 3:1 ratio according to Mendel’s law, whereas the Daepung 2 × IT276392 group did not. Furthermore, a comparison between the colorimetric and KASP marker analyses results revealed a high agreement rate of 96%. KASP markers offer a distinct advantage by allowing the distinction of heterozygous types independent of other variables. As a result, we present an opportunity to expedite the lipoxygenase-deficient cultivar development.

Cryptotanshinone inhibits TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in endothelial cells

Ran, Xiaoli,Zhao, Wenwen,Li, Wenping,Shi, Jingshan,Chen, Xiuping The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.4

Cryptotanshinone (CPT) is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. In the present study, the regulatory effect and potential mechanisms of CPT on tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) induced lectin-like receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (LOX-1) were investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and the effect of $TNF-{\alpha}$ on LOX-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The formation of intracellular ROS was determined with fluorescence probe $CM-DCFH_2-DA$. The endothelial ox-LDL uptake was evaluated with DiI-ox-LDL. The effect of CPT on LOX-1 expression was also evaluated with SD rats. $TNF-{\alpha}$ induced LOX-1 expression in a dose- and time- dependent manner in endothelial cells. $TNF-{\alpha}$ induced ROS formation, phosphorylation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 and ERK, and LOX-1 expression, which were suppressed by rotenone, DPI, NAC, and CPT. $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor BAY11-7082 and ERK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited $TNF-{\alpha}-induced$ LOX-1 expression. CPT and NAC suppressed $TNF-{\alpha}-induced$ LOX-1 expression and phosphorylation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 and ERK in rat aorta. These data suggested that $TNF-{\alpha}$ induced LOX-1 expression via ROS activated $NF-{\kappa}B/ERK$ pathway, which could be inhibited by CPT. This study provides new insights for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of CPT.

Cryptotanshinone inhibits TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in endothelial cells

Xiaoli Ran,Wenwen Zhao,Wenping Li,Jingshan Shi,Xiuping Chen 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.4

Cryptotanshinone (CPT) is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. In the present study, the regulatory effect and potential mechanisms of CPT on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced lectin-like receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (LOX-1) were investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and the effect of TNF-α on LOX-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The formation of intracellular ROS was determined with fluorescence probe CM-DCFH2-DA. The endothelial ox-LDL uptake was evaluated with DiI-ox-LDL. The effect of CPT on LOX-1 expression was also evaluated with SD rats. TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression in a dose- and time- dependent manner in endothelial cells. TNF-α induced ROS formation, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK, and LOX-1 expression, which were suppressed by rotenone, DPI, NAC, and CPT. NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 and ERK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression. CPT and NAC suppressed TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK in rat aorta. These data suggested that TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression via ROS activated NF-κB/ERK pathway, which could be inhibited by CPT. This study provides new insights for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of CPT.

발사체 비행중 3단 산화제 온도 예측

최상호(Sangho Choi),김인선(Insun Kim) 한국추진공학회 2013 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

KSLV-II의 3단은 터보펌프 방식으로 구동될 예정인데, 펌프에서의 캐비테이션(cavitation) 발생을 억제하기 위해서는 3단 산화제 내에 있는 LOX의 온도와 압력을 정확히 예측하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 비행중 3단 산화제 탱크는 외부에서 공력 가열 및 궤도 가열을 받으며, 산화제 탱크 벽면과 LOX는 자연 대류 또는 과냉 비등을 통해 열교환을 하게 된다. 또한 LOX의 온도는 얼리지 또는 가압용 GHe과의 열교환에 의해서도 영향을 받게 된다. 본 연구에서는 KSLV-II의 이륙 직후부터 3단 연소종료 시점까지 3단 산화제의 온도를 예측하기 위한 열해석을 수행하였다. The 3rd stage oxidizer of KSLV-II will be driven by turbo-pump. In this case, prediction of temperature and pressure of LOX in the 3rd stage oxidizer tank is very important to prevent cavitation. During flight, aerodynamic heating and orbital heating is incident on oxidizer tank, then heat is transferred to LOX by natural convection or subcooled boiling. Also ullage or pressurizer GHe affect thermal state of LOX. In this study, thermal analysis is conducted to predict temperature of LOX from lift-off to completion of 3rd stage combustion.

Longitudinal Modal Analysis of a LOX-filled Tank Using the Virtual Mass Method

이상구,심지수,신상준,김유단 한국항공우주학회 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

For liquid rocket engine(LRE)-based space launch vehicles, longitudinal instability, often referred to as the pogo phenomenon in the literature is predicted. In the building block of system-level task, accurate dynamic modeling of a fluidfilled tank is an essential. This paper attempts to apply the virtual mass method that accounts for the interaction of the vehicle structure and the enclosed liquid oxygen to LOX-filled tanks. The virtual mass method is applied in a modal analysis considering the hydroelastic effect of the launch vehicle tank. This method involves an analysis of the fluid in the tank in the form of mass matrix. To verify the accuracy of this method, the experimental modal data of a small hemispherical tank is used. Finally, the virtual mass method is applied to a 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank. In addition, the LOX tank bottom pressure in the external tank model is estimated. The LOX tank bottom pressure is the factor required for the coupling of the LOX tank with the propulsion system. The small hemispherical tank analysis provides relatively accurate results, and the 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank provides reasonable results. The LOX tank bottom pressure is also similar to that in the numerical results of a previous analysis.

Longitudinal Modal Analysis of a LOX-filled Tank Using the Virtual Mass Method

Lee, SangGu,Sim, JiSoo,Shin, SangJoon,Kim, Youdan The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

For liquid rocket engine(LRE)-based space launch vehicles, longitudinal instability, often referred to as the pogo phenomenon in the literature is predicted. In the building block of system-level task, accurate dynamic modeling of a fluid-filled tank is an essential. This paper attempts to apply the virtual mass method that accounts for the interaction of the vehicle structure and the enclosed liquid oxygen to LOX-filled tanks. The virtual mass method is applied in a modal analysis considering the hydroelastic effect of the launch vehicle tank. This method involves an analysis of the fluid in the tank in the form of mass matrix. To verify the accuracy of this method, the experimental modal data of a small hemispherical tank is used. Finally, the virtual mass method is applied to a 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank. In addition, the LOX tank bottom pressure in the external tank model is estimated. The LOX tank bottom pressure is the factor required for the coupling of the LOX tank with the propulsion system. The small hemispherical tank analysis provides relatively accurate results, and the 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank provides reasonable results. The LOX tank bottom pressure is also similar to that in the numerical results of a previous analysis.

Longitudinal Modal Analysis of a LOX-filled Tank Using the Virtual Mass Method

SangGu Lee,JiSoo Sim,SangJoon Shin,Youdan Kim 한국항공우주학회 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

For liquid rocket engine(LRE)-based space launch vehicles, longitudinal instability, often referred to as the pogo phenomenon in the literature is predicted. In the building block of system-level task, accurate dynamic modeling of a fluid-filled tank is an essential. This paper attempts to apply the virtual mass method that accounts for the interaction of the vehicle structure and the enclosed liquid oxygen to LOX-filled tanks. The virtual mass method is applied in a modal analysis considering the hydroelastic effect of the launch vehicle tank. This method involves an analysis of the fluid in the tank in the form of mass matrix. To verify the accuracy of this method, the experimental modal data of a small hemispherical tank is used. Finally, the virtual mass method is applied to a 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank. In addition, the LOX tank bottom pressure in the external tank model is estimated. The LOX tank bottom pressure is the factor required for the coupling of the LOX tank with the propulsion system. The small hemispherical tank analysis provides relatively accurate results, and the 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank provides reasonable results. The LOX tank bottom pressure is also similar to that in the numerical results of a previous analysis.

LOX/LCH<SUB>4</SUB>와 LOX/LC<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>8</SUB> 열전달과 추력특성비교

박병섭(Byeongseob Park),이종광(Jongkwang Lee),권세진(Sejin Kwon) 한국추진공학회 2013 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

액화메탄은 차세대 친환경 추진제로서 각국에서 개발 중에 있다. 액화메탄은 향후 액화수소와 케로신을 대체할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 그러나 액화메탄 또한 극저온 물질로서 저장성과 취급성에서 단점을 가진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 액화메탄에 비해 저장과 취급이 쉬우며, 케로신에 비해 성능이 우수한 액화프로판을 이용한 열전달과 추력특성에 관한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 연구수행을 통하여 액화메탄과 액화프로판 특성의 유사성을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 차세대 친환경 추진제로서의 액화프로판의 가능성을 확인하였다. LCH4 has been being developed as green propellant of next generation around the world. It seems that LH2 and kerosene would be replaced as LCH4. but LCH4 is difficult to be stored and handled. Therefore, LC3H8 was selected in this research. LC3H8 is more easier to be stored and handled than LCH4. and it has better performance than kerosene. The numerical analysis of heat transfer and thrust characteristics was performed with LOX/LCH4 and LOX/LC3H8. It was confirmed that these propellant combinations had the similar characteristics in this research. so, it was shown that it could be possible to use LC3H8 as green propellant.