5원자 헤테로고리 화합물을 이용한 $Mg^{2+}$의 정량

서무룡,이심성,김재상,박태명,Seo, Moo Lyong,Lee, Shim Sung,Kim, Jae Sang,Park, Tae Myung 한국분석과학회 1993 분석과학 Vol.6 No.3

5원자 헤테로고리를 포함하는 열린고리형의 ionophore를 합성하였다. 이 때 합성한 ionophore를 착화제로 이용하여 수용액 중의 $Mg^{2+}$을 염석추출법으로 추출하여 원자 흡광 광도법으로 정량하였다. Acetate 완충용액으로 pH를 4.2로 조절한 $Mg^{2+}$를 포함하는 수용액에 ionophore-AN 용액을 넣어 $Mg^{2+}$-ionophore 착물을 형성시킨 다음, 염석제를 첨가하여 유기층으로 추출하고, 유기층의 착물의 흡광도를 원자 흡광 광도계로서 측정하여 $Mg^{2+}$를 정량하였다. 최적 추출 조건을 조사해 본 결과, 최적 pH는 2.5~5.0이었으며, 염석제인 황산암모늄[$(NH_4)_2SO_4$]의 양은 5g 이상이면 정량적으로 추출되었다. 또한 $Mg^{2+}$과 ionophore의 착물 조성비는 1:2이었다. $Mg^{2+}$의 정량범위는 0.24ppm~2.4ppm이었으며 $Ca^{2+}$이온 및 EDTA의 방해효과가 크게 나타났다. Ionophore, which contains 5-membered heterocyclic compound, was prepared. $Mg^{2+}$ was determined by salting-out technique using ionophore as a chelating reagent. After $Mg^{2+}$ was extracted into the acetonitrile layer as a Mg-$(Ionophore)_2$ complex from acetate buffered aqueous solution by salting-out extraction technique, absorbance of complex was recorded by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Optimum pH was between 2.5 and 5.0 for extraction and 1:2([$Mg^{2+}$]/[ionophore]) complex were formed. The range of detection was 0.24ppm~2.4ppm and $Ca^{2+}$ and EDTA were interfered in the determination of $Mg^{2+}$.

5,5`-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)를 Ionophore로 이용한 납 이온 선택성 Poly(aniline) 고체 접촉 전극

한원식 ( Won Sik Han ),홍태기 ( Tae Kee Hong ),이학주 ( Hak Joo Lee ),이영훈 ( Young Hoon Lee ) 한국환경분석학회 2012 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.15 No.3

Lead (II) ion selective poly(aniline) solid contact electrode based on 5,5`-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) ionophore as a two sulfur atoms containing sensing material is successfully developed. The electrode exhibits good linear response of 25.6 mV/decade (at 20±0.2oC, r 2=0.9995) within the concentration range of 1.0×10-1 ~1.0×10-6 M Pb (II) solution. The composition of this electrode was ionophore: polyvinylchloride: 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether: potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate=5.0: 20.0: 25.0: 4.0. When we consider the results of using different lipotropic additive or mixed additive as like oleic acid or potassiumtetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate+oleic acid, poly(aniline) solid contact electrode based on 5,5`-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) ionophore with only one potassiumtetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate lipotropic additive had the best result in response characteristics. The electrode shows good selectivity for lead (II) ion in comparison with alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. This electrode is suitable for use with aqueous solutions of pH 3.00~6.80 and their standard deviation in the measured emf differences was±1.01 mV at lead nitrate sample solution of 1.0×10-2 M and±1.75 mV at lead nitrate sample solution of 1.0×10-4 M. Their stabilization time was less than 850 s and response time was less than 15 s. This electrode was successfully applied as an indicator electrode in potentio-metric titration of 60.0 ml of 5.0×10-3 M Pb(NO3)2 solution against 1.0×10-2 M chromate solution. The amount of lead ions in solutions can be accurately determined from the resulting titration curves.

Efficient Establishment of Presumptive Embryonic Stem Cells from Bovine Blastocysts by Exposure to Calcium Ionophore

김선욱,류재웅,이철상,한용만,박정선,유대열,이경광 한국발생생물학회 1999 발생과 생식 Vol.3 No.1

소 배반포로부터 배아주 (embryonic stem, ES) 유사세포를 분리하기 위해서는 영양외배엽 (trophectoderm, TE) 세포를 제거하는 것이 효과적이다. 따라서 본 실험은 효과적으로 TE를 제거하기 위한 calcium ionophore A23187 (CIPA) 처리조건을 확립하고, 분리해낸 ES 유사세포의 in vitro 다능성 (pluripotency)을 검증하고자 수행하였다. CIPA 농도 및 처리시간을 달리 하였을 때 50 M에서 It is crucial to remove trophectoderm (TE) cells of blastocysts for an efficient isolation of pluripotent embryonic stem (ES)-like cells from bovine blastocysts. We evaluated the effectiveness of chemosurgery using calcium ionophore A23l87 (CIPA) by investigating the viability and pluripotency of ES-like cell lines isolated from in vitro-produced bovine blastocysts after CIPA treatment. The blastocysts treated with 50 M CIPA for 25 min colonized most efficiently (51% of blastocysts) and developed to ES-like cell lines through 10 passages (4.8% of blastocysts) among CIPA-treated groups with different concentration and duration. In comparison with CIPA-untreated blastocysts, the colonization rate and overall viability of the CIPA-treated blastocysts were five times higher, suggesting that CIPA treatment condition defined in this study was highly efficient for establishing ES-like cell lines without apparent toxicity of CIPA. We evaluated in vitro pluripotency of the established three ES-like cell lines by examining alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, capability of embryoid body formation, and chromosomal euploidity of the cells. Our cells showed a heterogeneous AP activity similarly to other reports. The cells were able to form simple embryoid bodies during suspension culture and majority of them showed a normal chromosome number of 60, the euploid chromosomal complement of bovine Therefore, our data suggest that CIPA treatment can be safely used for an efficient isolation of ES-like cell lines from bovine blastocysts.

Tetraisopropylthiuram Disulfate을 Ionophore로 이용한 카드뮴 이온 선택성 Poly(aniline) 고체 접촉 전극

한원식 ( Won Sik Han ),홍태기 ( Tae Kee Hong ),최광선 ( Kwang Sun Choi ),박운석 ( Woon Suk Park ),이영훈 ( Young Hoon Lee ) 한국환경분석학회 2013 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.16 No.4

The study conducted an experiment with copper ion SCEs, which used tetraisopropylthiuram disulfate as an ionophore, by changing the composition based on six plasticizers and lipotropy. The composition that showed the best response slope and response characteristic against copper ion was found when ionophore:PVC:o- NPOE:KTpClPB was 5.0:20.0:25.0:4.0. This composition had a response slope of 35.5 mV/decade within the range of 1.0×10-1.0~1.0×10-7.0 M. In terms of the effect of interference ion, a minor interference was observed in zinc, while most of the other ions experienced relatively little interference. They showed consistent potentiometric responses, unaffected by pH fluctuations between 5.0 and 8.0, with 260 seconds of stabilization time and 18 seconds of response time. This indicates that it may be allowed to make practical use of such response characteristics when pH is in the above range. The standard deviation measured ten times each on 1.0×10-2.0 M and 1.0×10-3.0 M copper solutions was found to be 1.31 mV and 1.92 mV, respectively. The lifetime of electrode was about four months. They showed the exact response to cadmium ion disappearing in the measuring solution through EDTA titration.

메틸트리옥틸-암모늄 이온 Ionophore를 이용한 요오드 이온 선택성 고체 접촉 전극

홍태기 ( Tae Kee Hong ),이혜림 ( Hye Rim Lee ),박운석 ( Woon Suk Park ),이영훈 ( Young Hoon Lee ),한원식 ( Won Sik Han ) 한국환경분석학회 2010 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.13 No.3

In this study, an iodide ion selective poly(aniline) solid contact electrode based on methyltrioctyl-ammonium ion ionophore as a sensing material was developed. This electrode was made of Me-TOA 2.0, PVC 30.0, and NPOE 68.0. The electrode exhibits a good linear response of 58.8 mV/decade (at 20±0.2℃, r2=0.9998) within the range of 1×10(-1) M~1×10(-5.2) M KI solution. When the electrode was used with different alkyl chain ionophores and plasticizers, this electrode had the best result in response characteristics. The electrode showed a good selectivity for iodide ion than any other anions and is suitable detect it in aqueous solutions of pH 3.0~12.0. Their standard deviation in the measured emf differences was ±1.2 mV at iodide sample solution of 1.0×10(-2) M and ±0.9 mV at 1.0×10(-4) M. Their stabilization time was less than 125 sec, and response time was less than 22 sec.

Quinine-Cd 착물을 Ionophore로 이용한 Iodide 이온 선택성 고체 접촉 전극

한원식 ( Won Sik Han ),이영훈 ( Young Hoon Lee ),이명희 ( Myeong Hui Lee ),김현승 ( Hyun Seung Kim ),백남권 ( Nam Kwon Beak ),홍태기 ( Tae Kee Hong ) 한국환경분석학회 2011 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.14 No.4

Iodide ion selective poly(aniline) solid contact electrode based on quinine-Cd ionophore as a sensing material has been successfully developed. The electrode exhibits good linear response of 51.6 mV/decade (at 20±0.2oC, r2=0.9996) within the concentration range of 1×10(-5.11) - 1×10(-1.00) M KI. The composition of this electrode was quinine-Cd 3.0: PVC 30.0: bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate 67.0 (mass). This plasticizer provides the best response characteristics. The electrode shows good selectivity for iodide ion in comparison with any other anions and is suitable for use with aqueous solutions of pH 3.5 - 8.7. The standard deviations of the measured EMF difference were ± 1.52 and ± 1.73 mV for iodide sample solutions of 1.0×10(-2)M and 1.0×10(-4)M, respectively. The stabilization time was less than 400 s. and response time was less than 43 s.

Polymeric Membrane Silver-ion Selective Electrodes Based on Schiff Base N,N'-Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)benzene-1,2-diamine

Hyungran Seo,Eunseon Jeong,Mohammad Shamsuddin Ahmed,Hyo Kyoung Lee,Seungwon Jeon 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.6

The Schiff base N,N'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)benzene-1,2-diamine [BPBD] has been synthesized and explored as ionophore for preparing PVC-based membrane sensors selective to the silver (Ag+) ion. Potentiometric investigations indicate high affinity of this receptor for silver ion. The best performance was shown by the membrane of composition (w/w) of ionophore: 1 mg, PVC: 33 mg, o-NPOE: 66 mg and additive were added 50 mol % relative to the ionophore in 1 mL THF. The sensor works well over a wide concentration range 1 × 10‒3 to 1.0 × 10‒7 M by pH 6at room temperature (slope 58.6 mV/dec.) with a response time of 10 seconds and showed good selectivity to silver ion over a number of cations. It could be used successfully for the determination of silver ion content in environmental and waste water samples.

Polymeric Membrane Silver-ion Selective Electrodes Based on Schiff Base N,N'-Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)benzene-1,2-diamine

Seo, Hyung-Ran,Jeong, Eun-Seon,Ahmed, Mohammad Shamsuddin,Lee, Hyo-Kyoung,Jeon, Seung-Won Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.6

The Schiff base N,N'-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)benzene-1,2-diamine [BPBD] has been synthesized and explored as ionophore for preparing PVC-based membrane sensors selective to the silver ($Ag^+$) ion. Potentiometric investigations indicate high affinity of this receptor for silver ion. The best performance was shown by the membrane of composition (w/w) of ionophore: 1 mg, PVC: 33 mg, o-NPOE: 66 mg and additive were added 50 mol % relative to the ionophore in 1 mL THF. The sensor works well over a wide concentration range $1{\times}10^{-3}$ to $1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M by pH 6 at room temperature (slope 58.6 mV/dec.) with a response time of 10 seconds and showed good selectivity to silver ion over a number of cations. It could be used successfully for the determination of silver ion content in environmental and waste water samples.

Copper(II) Selective PVC Membrane Electrodes Based on Schiff base 1,2-Bis (E-2-hydroxy benzylidene amino)anthracene-9,10-dione Complex as an Ionophore

Jeong, Eun-Seon,Lee, Hyo-Kyoung,Ahmed, Mohammad Shamsuddin,Seo, Hyung-Ran,Jeon, Seung-Won Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.2

The Schiff base 1,2-bis(E-2-hydroxy benzylidene amino)anthracene-9,10-dione has been synthesized and explored as ionophore for preparing PVC-based membrane sensors selective to the copper ($Cu^{2+}$) ion. Potentiometric investigations indicate high affinity of these receptors for copper ion. The best performance was shown by the membrane of composition (w/w) of ionophore: 1 mg, PVC: 33 mg, DOP: 66 mg and KTpClPB as additive were added 50 mol % relative to the ionophore in 1 ml THF. The proposed sensor's detection limit is $2.8{\times}10^{-7}$ M over pH 5 at room temperature (Nernstian slope 31.76 mV/dec.) with a response time of 15 seconds and showed good selectivity to copper ion over a number of interfering cations.

괴화(槐花) 에탄올 추출물이 RBL-2H3 비만세포에서 Ca<SUP>++</SUP> Ionophore에 의한 알레르기 반응 조절에 미치는 효과

손효(Sun Xiao),강군(Jun Jiang),심도완(Do-Wan Shim),김태권(Tae-Kweon Kim),강태봉(Tae-Bong Kang),이광호(Kwang-Ho Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.43 No.3

세포내 Ca<SUP>++</SUP>의 증가는 비만세포에서 수용체 활성을 거치지 않고 탈과립을 유도한다. 괴화는 천연 염색 재료로 사용되고 있으며, 또한 항염증 작용과 FcεRI와 IgE 가교에 의한 항알레르기 효능도 보고되었다. 이번 연구에서 비만세포에서 Ca<SUP>++</SUP> 유입에 의해 생산되는 알레르기 매개물에 대한 괴화추출물의 조절 기능을 보고한다. 괴화 추출물은 A23187에 의해 유도되는 IL-4와 TNF-α의 생산과 탈과립을 저해하였다. 또한 괴화 추출물은 DNFB로 유도한 알레르기 피부염의 동물 모델에서 알레르기 반응을 억제하였다. 괴화추출물 50 mg/kg을 경구투여 또는 도말을 한 경우, DNFB를 단독으로 처리한 군보다 IL-4, TNF 그리고 IFN-γ와 같은 염증성 사이토카인의 생산량이 감소하였다. 또한 괴화 추출물을 처리한 경우 혈청 내 IgE의 함량이 DNFB를 단독으로 처리한 군보다 감소하였다. 괴화 추출물을 처리한 군에서의 비장과 림프절의 무게도 DNFB를 단독으로 처리한 군보다 감소하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 괴화는 비만세포에서 FcεRI 자극뿐만 아니라 Ca<SUP>++</SUP>의 유입에 의한 항알레르기 효능이 있다는 것을 보고한다. Elevation of intracellular calcium (Ca<SUP>++</SUP>) triggers degranulation of mast cells by bypassing receptor activation. Flos Sophora japonica L. has been used as a natural dying source and has been reported to have biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects through FcεRI and IgE crosslinking. In the present investigation, we report the regulatory effect of ethanolic extract of Flos Sophora japonica L. (S.F) on allergic mediators produced by Ca<SUP>++</SUP> ionophore activation in mast cells. S.F significantly inhibited calcium ionophore (A23187)-induced interleukin (IL)-4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production as well as mast cell degranulation. Furthermore, administration of S.F suppressed allergic reactions in a 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced allergic dermatitis mouse model. Both oral administration and ear painting using 50 mg/kg of S.F significantly reduced levels of cytokines such as IL-4, TNF, and interferon-γ in ear tissues compared to the DNFB alone-treated group. Serum IgE level in the S.F-treated group also decreased compared to the DNFB alone-treated group. Weights of spleens and lymph nodes in the S.F-treated groups also decreased compared to the control group. Considering the data, we conclude that S.F mediates its anti-allergic effects not only through FcεRI stimulation but also Ca<SUP>++</SUP> influx in mast cells.