Exploring coupling effect between urban heat island effect and PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentrations from the perspective of spatial environment

Yunhao Fang,Kangkang Gu 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.2

The coupling effect between urban PM2.5 concentrations and urban heat island effect has been paid more and more attention to. Previous studies mostly focused on the analysis of data correlations, lacking the interpretation of the formation texture. Taking Hefei as the subject, this study combined the spatial statistical model with the coupling coordination degree model to explore the influence of spatial environment-related indicators on the coupling effect of cities. In addition, at the micro level, the paper used grid unit to verify the relevance and made a comprehensive analysis on the formation texture of coupling effect. The results indicated that: (1) there is a significant coupling effect between the urban heat island intensity and PM2.5 concentrations in the main urban area of Hefei with significant spatial heterogeneity. (2) to some extent, the indicators of urban spatial environment, including vegetated areas, buildings, residential land, commercial land, industrial land, building density, floor area ratio, building form ratio, the densities of road junctions and sub-arterial roads, have different effects on the coupling effect. In general, the higher the degree of human activity, the higher the degree of coupling effect. (3) the coupling effect may be influenced by a variety of spatial environment factors.

정책결정에 있어서 Kingdon의 다중흐름모형의 실증적 접근 -한국의 대외원조 정책을 중심으로-

임다희 ( DaHee Lim ),권기헌 ( GiHeon Kwon ) 한국정책학회 2015 韓國政策學會報 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 Kingdon의 다중흐름 모형을 적용하여 한국의 ODA 지원금액 결정에 대하여 살펴보았다. 다중흐름 모형을 정책의제설정 및 정책결정과정을 분석하는 모형으로써 합리모형, 만족모형, 점증모형, 쓰레기통 모형과 유사한 위치를 지니는 정책모형으로 평가받아왔다. 특히, 국내에서는 Kindgon의 다중흐름 모형이 많이 활용되어왔으며, 다중흐름 모형을 활용한 대부분의 연구들은 사례연구로 수행되어 왔다. 이는 다중흐름 모형이 본래 사례연구를 중심으로 이론적 틀이 구성되었기 때문일 수 있다. 하지만 다중흐름 모형을 실증적으로 검증한 Travis and Zahariadis(2002)의 연구를 통해서 살펴볼 수 있는 바와 같이 다중흐름 모형도 실증적인 접근이 가능함을 확인할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 Kingdon의 다중흐름 모형을 실증적으로 접근하여 검증하고자 하였다. 특히, 다양한 흐름들이 커플링(coupling)되어 정책의 창이 열리고, 정책결정으로 이어지는 커플링(coupling) 효과를 통계적으로도 검증할 수 있는지에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면, 다중흐름 모형의 커플링(coupling) 효과는 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 커플링(coupling) 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 각 흐름들 간의 독립적인 영향력에 대한 분석과 커플링 효과를 포함한 분석으로 총 2차례의 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 커플링 효과를 포함한 두 번째의 분석에서 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 첫 번째 분석에서는 유의미성을 확인할 수 없었던 변수들이 커플링 효과를 주었을때에 통계적 유의미성을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 본 연구는 종속변수에 미치는 독립변수들이 ODA에 미치는 영향력을 검증하기보다 다중흐름 모형의 커플링 효과를 실증적으로 검증하여 다중흐름 모형의 이론적·방법론적 확장을 하였다는 데에서 연구의 의의가 있을 수 있다. Employing Multiple Streams Model, proposed Kingdon, this research examined the decision-making mechanism regarding budgeting of Korean O.D.A. (Official Development Assistance) policy. Many scholars have recognized Kingdon’s model as an influencing theory as rational model, satisfying model, incremental model, and garbage can model. Especially, the policy stream model has been more prevailing research framework in Korea. However, most of studies, employing his theory, were case-study, since the model was suggested by evidences which were collected from many policy cases. While few research tested the model empirically, Travis and Zahariadis(2002) confirmed statistical possibilities of applications of the theory. In this context, this study tried to probe the stochastic possibilities or significances of the multiple streams model. In addition, we investigated coupling effects in the process of Korean O.D.A. policy decision-making. According to the theory, multiple streams open the policy window after coupling of three streams, and the coupling strongly affects policy decision-making. We confirmed that there are coupling effects of the multiple streams in the policy process. In order to detect the effects, we scrutinized the independent effects of each stream separately from analysis of coupling effects. The findings are that coefficient on the analysis that contained both the multiple streams and the coupling effects is positive and statistically significant. This research has implications that empirical test on the effects of coupling in the policy stream model to extend theoretical and methodological framework of the model.

부부 스트로크와 결혼안정성 관계에서 부부친밀감 매개효과

이수경(Soo Kyung, Lee),조남정(Nam Jeong, Jo) 한국교류분석상담학회 2020 교류분석상담연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구는 부부 스트로크와 결혼안정성 관계에서 부부친밀감의 매개효과를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적 달성을 위해 전국 성인 기혼남녀를 대상으로 조사를 실시하여 총 373부를 유효 표본으로 사용하였다. 연구의 통계적 자료 분석은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 상관관계분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부부의 긍정스트로크는 부부친밀감과 결혼안정성에 각각 직접적인 정(+)적인 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부부의 부정스트로크는 부부친밀감과 결혼안정성 모두에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 셋째, 부부의 무(No)스트로크는 부부친밀감에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 결혼안정성에는 직접적인 부(-)적인 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부부친밀감은 결혼안정성에 직접적인 정(+)적인 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 부부의 긍정스트로크와 결혼안정성 관계에서 부부친밀감은 정(+)적인 완전매개효과를 나타냈으며, 부정스트로크와 무(No)스트로크 관계에서는 영향력이 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구는 교류분석의 스트로크 개념을 부부관계에 적용하여 부부친밀감 및 결혼안정성 간의 영향관계를 규명했다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 본 연구의 결과는 부부상담 및 치료 현장에서 실질적인 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this study is to investigate couple stroke and the mediating effect of couple intimacy in the relationship of marital stability. To accomplish the purpose of this study, we conducted surveys for married men and women nationwide. Total of 373 samples were used as valid samples. Statistical data of the study were analyzed by correlation analysis and regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. The main results of the study are as follows. First, couple’ positive-stroke had a statically(+) significant directly effect on couple intimacy and marital stability. Second, the couple’s negative-stroke did not have effect on couple intimacy and marital stability. Third, the couple’s no-stroke did not have effect on couple intimacy, but had a statically(-) significant directly effect on marital stability. Fourth, couple intimacy had a statistically(+) significant directly effect on marital stability. Fifth, couple intimacy had a significant indirect- full-mediating- effect on the relationship between couple’s positive-stroke and marital stability but had no effect on couple’s negative-stroke and couple’s no-stroke. This study is meaningful in that it applied the concept ‘stroke’ of the Transactional Analysis to the couple to investigate the relationship between couple intimacy and marital stability. The results of this study are expected to be used as practical basic data in the field of couple counseling and treatment.

지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전의 공간적 커플링결합도 분석: 중국의 사례

이항,김상욱 현대중국학회 2023 現代中國硏究 Vol.24 No.4

The relationship between innovation and economic development is becoming increasingly important. This study aims to identify the relationship between regional innovation capacity and regional economic development in a different aspect from previous studies. First, the concept of coupling coordination is used by synthesizing the relationship between regional innovation capacity and regional economic development. The second is to analyze the degree of coupling coordination between regional innovation capacity and regional economic development in terms of space. In particular, this study analyzes the factors that affect the degree of coupling coordination between regions through the spatial diffusion effect. The period of analysis is set from 2006 to 2020, and the subject of analysis includes China 30 provinces, cities, and autonomous regions. This study first analyzed the spatial characteristics of the coupling coordination between regional innovation capacity and regional economic development using the global Moran's I and local Moran's I. According to the analysis results of the two Moran indices, it was found that the coupling coordination degree had a strong spatial connection, and especially a high spatial concentration. Based on this, this study analyzed the effect on the coupling coordination between regional innovation capacity and regional economic development through government support, foreign investment, social security, and the express delivery industry using SAR, SEM, and SDM models. According to the analysis results, it was found that government support, foreign investment, and the express delivery industry had a positive (+) relationship with the degree of coupling coordination. Finally, this study analyzed the spatial diffusion effects of government support, foreign investment, social security, and the express delivery industry through spatial direct effects and spatial indirect effects. According to the analysis results, the spatial direct effect was relatively remarkable for government support, foreign investment, and the express delivery industry, and the spatial indirect effect, or spatial spillover effect, was relatively remarkable for social security. 혁신과 경제발전의 관계는 점차 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 연구들과는 다른 측면에서 지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전의 관계를 규명해보고자 한다. 첫째는 지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전의 관계를 종합하여 커플링결합도 개념을 이용한다. 둘째는 공간적인 측면에서 지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전 간의 커플링결합도를 분석하는 것이다. 특히 본 연구는 공간확산효과를 통해 각 지역 간의 커플링결합도에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하고 있다. 분석기간은 2006년-2020년으로 설정하고 분석 대상은 중국의 30개 성․시․자치구(省․市․自治區)를 포함하고 있다. 본 연구는 우선 글로벌 모란지수(Global Moran's I)와 로컬 모란지수(Local Moran's I)를 이용하여 지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전 간의 커플링결합도의 공간적인 특징을 분석하였다. 두 모란지수의 분석결과에 의하면 커플링결합도는공간적인 연계성이 강하며 특히 공간 집중도가 높음을 발견하였다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구는 SAR, SEM, SDM 모형을 이용하여 지역혁신능력과 지역경제발전 간의 커플링결합도에 미치는 영향을 정부지지, 외국인투자, 사회보장 그리고 택배산업을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 정부지지와 외국인투자 그리고 택배산업은 커플링결합도에 정(+)의 관계가 있음을 발견하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 공간직접효과와 공간간접효과를 통해 정부지지, 외국인투자, 사회보장 그리고 택배산업의 공간확산효과를 분석했다. 분석결과에 의하면 정부지지와 외국인투자 그리고 택배산업은 공간직접효과가 상대적으로 현저하게 나타났으며 사회보장은 공간간접효과즉 공간확산효과가 상대적으로 현저하게 나타났다.

중년부부의 친부모 및 배우자 부모를 위한 수발실천의지가 부부응집력에 미치는 영향 -자기-상대방 상호의존성 모델(APIM)의 적용-

신성자 ( Sung Ja Shin ),이원준 ( Won June Lee ) 한국가족관계학회 2012 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.16 No.4

In the recognition of the predominant phenomenon of female family care-givers, this study examined the possible effects of couples`s care-giving role-sharing for his (her) old unhealthy parents on his(her) couple`s cohesion. The Actor and Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) was adopted in order for subjects to investigate the effect of the couple`s care-giving willingness for both his (her) own parents and his (her) spouse`s parents. In order to authenticate this research model, dyadic data which sampled the middle aged couples who had at least more than one parent alive respectively was used. Research was based on a survey conducted with 275 married couples between the ages of 45∼59 from the city of Daegu and Kyungpook Province. The major findings of this study are as follows. The husband`s perceived couple`s cohesion was positively effected by his care-giving willingness for both his parents and his spouse parents. The husband`s care-giving willingness also positively influenced on the increase of his spouse`s perceived couple cohesion. There was no statistically significant difference between the actor (husband)`s effects and partner`s effects. Interestingly, it was found that for husbands, the partner(wife) effects on care-giving willingness were not acknowledged whereas for wives, the partner(husband) effects on care-giving willingness were obviously acknowledged. In addition, husband showed a stronger care-giving willingness for his own parents than the one for their spouse`s parents. However, wife showed equivalent level of care-giving willingness for both her parents and spouse`s parents. A range of theoretical and practical implications for practitioners were suggested based on the study findings.

Permeability-increasing effects of hydraulic flushing based on flow-solid coupling

Zhang, Jiao,Wang, Xiaodong Techno-Press 2017 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.13 No.2

Shallow coal resources are increasingly depleted, the mining has entered the deep stage. Due to "High stress, high gas, strong adsorption and low permeability" of coal seam, the gas drainage has become more difficult and the probability of coal and gas outburst accident increases. Based on the flow solid coupling theory of coal seam gas, the coupling model about stress and gas seepage of coal seam was set up by solid module and Darcy module in Comsol Multiphysics. The gas extraction effects were researched after applying hydraulic technology to increase permeability. The results showed that the effective influence radius increases with the expanded borehole radius and drainage time, decreases with initial gas pressure. The relationship between the effective influence radius and various factors presents in the form: $y=a+{\frac{b}{\left(1+{(\frac{x}{x_0})^p}\right)}}$. The effective influence radius with multiple boreholes is obviously larger than that of the single hole. According to the actual coal seam and gas geological conditions, appropriate layout way was selected to achieve the best effect. The field application results are consistent with the simulation results. It is found that the horizontal stress plays a very important role in coal seam drainage effect. The stress distribution change around the drilling hole will lead to the changes in porosity of coal seam, further resulting in permeability evolution and finally gas pressure distribution varies.

노인부부의 배우자관계만족도가 피학대 경험에 미치는 영향과 사회적 관계망의 매개효과

권오균 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2023 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.17 No.3

Recently, abuse by spouses is the most serious situation in elderly couples' households. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of spouse satisfaction on social network and abuse experience in elderly couple households, and the mediating effect of social network in relation to spouse satisfaction and abuse experience in elderly couple households. Multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis, and sobel verification were used as the study's methods to determine the impact of the elderly couple's spouse relationship satisfaction and social network on the abuse experience. The study examines the impact of the elderly couple's satisfaction with their spouse relationship on the social network and the experience of abuse, and the mediating effect of the social network in the relationship between the satisfaction of the spouse relationship and the experience of abuse. The elderly couple's marital satisfaction had a negative (-) effect on the experience of abuse, and the social network was effective as a significant parameter in the relationship between the satisfaction of the spouse relationship and the experience of abuse. In a follow-up study, it is necessary to conduct a study on the development of programs and tools for the prevention and eradication of abuse between elderly couples.

교차 결합 현상을 고려한 매입형 영구자석 전동기의 인덕턴스 특성 해석

李相燁(Sang-Yub Lee),郭尙燁(Sang-Yeop Kwak),金在光(Jae-Kwang Kim),鄭炫敎(Hyun-Kyo Jung) 대한전기학회 2006 전기학회논문지 B Vol.55 No.4

In this paper, the inductance characteristics of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) considering cross-coupling effect is analyzed. It is known that the IPMSM has it's operating point at the saturated region. So the cross-coupling effect exists, therefore cross-coupling inductance exists. With the application of Fixed Permeability Method (FPM), we can obtain more exact inductance characteristics of IPMSM. In this paper, a novel method based on the FPM is proposed, which can consider the cross-coupling effect. And the cross-coupling inductance which is the analysis result is shown. Finally, the validity of proposed method is verified by the comparison with the experimental result.

신혼기 부부의 자기침묵과 결혼만족도 관계에서 지각된 배우자 지지의 매개효과: 자기효과와 상대방효과 검증

강예나,장재홍 한국상담심리학회 2024 한국심리학회지 상담 및 심리치료 Vol.36 No.3

본 연구는 신혼기 부부 관계에서 남편과 아내의 자기침묵이 지각된 배우자 지지를 매개로 결혼만족도에 이르는 자기효과와 상대방효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 157쌍의 신혼기 부부를 대상으로 APIMeM 모형을 적용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 자기침묵이 지각된 배우자 지지에 미치는 자기효과와 상대방효과는 남편과 아내 모두 부적으로 유의미하였다. 둘째, 지각된 배우자 지지가 결혼만족도에 미치는 자기효과는 남편과 아내에서 모두 정적으로 유의미하였고 상대방효과는 아내만 정적으로 유의미하였다. 셋째, 남편의 자기침묵이 남편의 결혼만족도에 영향을 미치는 자기효과에서 남편과 아내의 지각된 배우자 지지가 매개하였지만, 아내의 자기효과 경로에서는 아내의 지각된 배우자 지지만 매개하였다. 넷째, 남편의 자기침묵이 아내의 결혼만족도에 미치는 상대방효과에서 아내의 지각된 배우자 지지만 매개하였고, 아내의 상대방효과에서는 남편과 아내의 지각된 배우자 지지가 모두 매개하였다. 이는 결혼 만족을 위해 남편과 아내 모두 자기침묵을 하지 않도록 개입하는 것이 중요하며, 남편은 본인과 아내 모두 배우자로부터 지지를 잘 받고 있다고 지각하는 것이 중요한 반면, 아내는 본인이 남편으로부터 지지를 잘 받고 있다고 지각하는 정도가 중요함을 의미한다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 제언을 논하였다. The purpose of this study is to identify the pathways from self-silencing to marital satisfaction in newlywed couples and to examine the mediating role of perceived marital support. Path analysis was conducted using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model on 157 newlywed Korean couples. The results are as follows: First, the actor and partner effects of self-silencing on perceived marital support were negatively significant for both husbands and wives. Second, the actor effects of perceived marital support on marital satisfaction were positively significant for both spouses, while the partner effects were positively significant only for wives. Third, both the husband’s and the wife’s perceived marital support mediated the husband’s actor effect and the wife’s perceived marital support mediated only the wife’s actor effect. Fourth, the wife’s perceived marital support mediated the husband’s partner effect and both the husband’s and the wife’s perceived marital support mediated the wife’s partner effect.

쌀 소득보전직불제의 생산연계효과 실증분석

이문호,김관수 한국농촌경제연구원 2020 농촌경제 Vol.43 No.1

This study provides empirical estimation results concerning the degree of production coupling for the fixed and variable direct payment program designed for stabilizing rice farmers’ income. Based on a set of producer’s expectation formulations, we analyzed the impacts of direct payments on the rice cultivation area, using a panel data estimation technique. To consider the risk preference of farmers, we used an expected utility maximization model under the expected utility hypothesis. Also, we explicitly included a variable capturing truncated variance of rice price related to variable direct payments. Our estimation results indicate that both fixed and variable direct payments tend to have production coupling effects. Specifically, we found that the production coupling effect of variable direct payments was higher than that of fixed direct payments. We also discovered that the rice cultivation area has been affected by these direct payments via the insurance effects (variable direct payments) and wealth effects (fixed direct payments). 본 연구에서는 쌀 고정직불금과 변동직불금이 쌀 재배면적에 미치는 영향을 생산연계효과의 측면에서 실증적으로 고찰하였다. 패널데이터 분석기법을 활용하여 생산자의 기대 형성과정에서의 차이를 단순기대와 적응적 기대로 구분한 후, 직불금이 쌀 생산면적에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 차별성은 (1) 변동직불제로 인해 발생하는 쌀 가격 안정화 효과분석을 위해 절단분산(truncated variance)값을 설명변수로 활용한 점, (2) 위험 중립성 가정을 완화한 모형을 적용한 점, 그리고 (3) 패널 자료를 활용한 점에 있다. 분석결과, 우리나라 쌀 농가에게 지급되는 고정직불금이 부의 자산효과(wealth effect)로 인해 쌀 재배면적을 늘리는 정의 생산연계 효과가 존재하는 것으로 추정되었으며, 변동직불금은 쌀 가격의 분산을 감소시키는 안정화 효과가 존재하고, 이로 인하여 쌀 재배면적이 증가하는 경향이 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 변동직불금의 생산연계효과가 고정직불금의 생산연계효과 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 쌀 고정 및 변동직불제의 생산연계효과는 변동직불금 및 고정직불금의 정책적 함의와 관련된 논의의 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.