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Yamane, Akira,takahashi, Katsu,Bringas, Pablo,Amano, Osamu,Slavkin, Harold C.,Margarita, Zeichner-David Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1997 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.22 No.3
In order to elucidate the roles of insulin, IGF-Ⅰ and Ⅱ during amelogenesis, the effects of these factors on the translational activity of amelogenin, the predominant matrix protein in developing enamel, were examined in mouse embryonic molars maintained in vitro. Mouse mandibular first molars isolated from embryos on embryonic day 15 were cultured as an explant for 6, 12 and 18 days in serumless, chemically defined medium containing 1000ng/ml of insulin, 100ng/ml of IGF-Ⅰ or 100ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ. The translational activity of amelogenin was measured by incorporation of [^35S]-methionine, immunoprecipitation with a specific amelogenin antibody followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in combination with fluorography. IGF-Ⅰ and IGF-Ⅱ induced 55% and 104% increases in the translational activity of amelogenin respectively at 6 days in culture. This effect was lost after 12 and 18 days in culture. Insulin did not produce any significant differences in the translational activity of amelogenin. These data suggested that IGF-Ⅰ and Ⅱ accelerated amelogenesis by inducing an increase in amelogenin translation in the mouse mandibular first molar in vitro.
( Pritish Chandra Pal ),( Ashish Bali ),( Ramanarayana Boyapati ),( Sangita Show ),( Kanikanti Siva Tejaswi ),( Sourabh Khandelwal ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2022 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.39 No.4
Background: The combined use of biomaterials for regeneration may have great biological relevance. This study aimed to compare the regenerative potential of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) alone and with growth factor enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) for the regeneration of intrabony defects at 1 year. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 40 sites in 29 patients with stage II/III periodontitis and 2/3 wall intrabony defects that were treated with BCP alone (control group) or a combination of BCP and EMD (test group). BCP alloplastic bone grafts provide better bio-absorbability and accelerate bone formation. EMDs are commercially available amelogenins. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated for the following parameters: plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), vertical probing pocket depth (V-PPD), vertical clinical attachment level (V-CAL), and radiographic defect depth (RDD). Student paired and unpaired t-tests were used to compare the data from baseline to 12 months for each group and between the groups, respectively. The results were considered statistically significant at p< 0.05. Results: At 12 months, the PI and PBI scores of the control and test groups were not significantly different (p >0.05). The mean V-PPD difference, V-CAL gain, and RDD difference were statistically significant in both groups at 12 months (p<0.001 for all parameters). Intergroup comparisons showed that the mean V-PPD reduction (2.13±1.35 mm), V-CAL gain (2.53±1.2 mm), and RDD fill (1.33±1.0 mm) were statistically significant between the groups at 12 months (p<0.001 for all parameters). Conclusion: BCP and EMDs combination is a promising modality for the regeneration of intrabony defects.
개선된 아밀로제닌 PCR을 이용한 우즈베키스탄 출토 고인골의 형태학적 성별과 유전자형 성별의 비교
김기정(Kijeong Kim),아리오나 턱럼(Ariunaa Togloom),전은희(Eunhee Jeon),이민수(Min-Soo Lee),조연옥(Youn-Ock Cho),가와치멛 르학와수렝(Gavaachimed Lkhagvasuren),민나영(Na-Yung Min),최지혜(Jee-Hye Choi),김종대(Jong-Dae Kim),김근철(Keun-Cheol K 대한체질인류학회 2007 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.20 No.4
체질인류학, 고고학, 법의학 등의 분야에서 사람의 뼈에서 남성과 여성을 구별하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 고인골 머리뼈에서 계측하는 방법에 근거를 둔 형태학적 성별의 판단법과 기존의 amelogenin PCR 증폭방법을 더욱 개량한 유전학적 성별 결정법을 비교하고자 하였다. 재료는 우즈베키스탄에서 출토된 청동기시대부터 20세기 이전에 이르는 고인골 중 머리뼈가 보존된 60예를 대상으로 하였다. 형태학적 성별구분은 우즈베키스탄 학자의 결정을 따랐고, 유전학적 성별결정은 본 연구에서 개선한 amelogenin PCR 증폭방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 형태학적 남자에서 유전학적으로 남자로 판명된 경우는 20예 중 13예였다. 형태학적 여자에서 유전학적으로 여자로 판명된 경우는 40예 중 20예였다. 결론적으로 개선된 아밀로제닌 PCR 증폭방법을 이용한 고인골 남녀 성별 판별법은 매우 유용할 것으로 생각된다. Determination of male and female is important in anthropology, archeology and forensic science. This study was designed to compare genotype sex of improved amelogenin PCR amplication method with morphological sex of ancient human bones. Sixty human skulls which lived from the Bronze Age to twenties centuries and excavated in Uzbekistan were used in this study. Morphological sex was determined by Uzbekistan scientist, and genotype sex was determined by improved amelogenin PCR amplication developed in this study. Among 20 morphological males, 13 samples (65%) were genotypical male. Among 40 morphological females, 20 samples (50%) were genotypical male. In conclusion, morphological method might be inadequate for sex determination of ancient bones. The improved amelogenin PCR method will be useful in sex determination of ancient bones.
Differential Expression of Amelogenin, Enamelin and Ameloblastin in Rat Tooth Germ Development
Jung-Ha Kim,Hyun-Jin Kim,Byong-Soo Kim,Jee-Hae Kang,Min-Seok Kim,Eun-Joo Lee,Sun-Hun Kim 대한구강생물학회 2016 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.41 No.2
Tooth development shows dynamic morphological changes from the stages of cap to hard tissue formation and is strictly regulated during development. In the present study, we compared expression and localization of 3 major enamel matrix proteins in rats: amelogenin, enamel and ameloblastin. DD-PCR and RT-PCR revealed differential expression of the major proteins from the cap stage to root stage. Immunofluorescence staining results indicated that amelogenin was not detected in either inner enamel epithelium or reduced enamel epithelium, but highly immunoreactive in preameloblasts and ameloblasts; in addition, it was sporadically expressed in preodontoblasts abutting preameloblasts. Ameloblastin expression was also observed in not only differentiated ameloblasts but also osteoblasts. Immunoreactivity to ameloblastin in ameloblasts was strong in Tomes' processes. Enamelin was exclusively localized along the entire newly formed and maturing enamel. Enamelin was largely localized in near Tomes' processes and enamel rods in maturing enamel. Alendronate treatment resulted in down-regulation of amelogenin and ameloblastin at both transcription and translation levels; whereas, enamelin expression was unchanged in response to the treatment. These results suggested that amelogenin, ameloblastin and enamelin might be implicated in cell differentiation, adhesion of ameloblasts to enamel and enamel crystallization during enamel matrix formation, respectively.
Amelogenin 유전좌를 이용한 성별검색의 유용성에 관한 연구
이숭덕,이정빈,이윤성 大韓法醫學會 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.1
The aim of this study was to validate the sex typing based on amplification of X-Y homologous Amelogenin locus in Korean including mutation rate in this locus. It was found that there was no case with reported mutation that may hinder the exact sex typing among 240 Koreans, and the sex typing was successful even with subnanogram quantities of male and female DNA. There was no difference in the sensitivity of reaction among male and female. Differential amplification between X and Y amelogenin bands in some samples was noted, and dilution study revealed that this phenomenon was more frequent when the quantity of sample was low, usually less than 10 ng. That phenomenon was variable between amplification reactions, and was also dependent on different Taq enzyme used for the amplification. When there was differential amplification, the intensity ratio (Y band/X band) ranged about 0.68-0.87.
SRY와 Amelogenin gene의 증폭에 의한 말의 성(sex) 결정 예
조길재,이선영,양영진,Cho, Gil-jae,Lee, Sun-young,Yang, Young-jin 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.1
The objective of present study was to ascertain sex determination for individual identification, parentage control, and sex chromosome anomalies in horse. PCR amplification products of the equine sex determining region of the Y chromosome gene (SRY) and amelogenin gene (AMEL) were detected by using agarose gel electrophoresis. A normal sire and foal II showed 1 SRY band (430 bp) and 3 AMEL (AMELX, AMELY, and AMELX/Y) band, 175 bp, 160 bp, 190 bp, respectively, and a normal dam and foal I showed a single AMELX band (175 bp). These results enables a quick diagnosis for sex determination prior to cytogenetic analysis.
Baek-Jun Kim National Institute of Ecology 2023 국립생태원회보(PNIE) Vol.4 No.4
The Asiatic black bear, Ursus thibetanus, is among the most threatened or endangered species in Asia. For its conservation and management, sex identification of U. thibetanus using non-invasive samples (e.g., hair and/or feces) is potentially valuable. In this study, a non-invasive molecular method for sex identification of U. thibetanus samples collected from various countries was first utilized, and it was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the amelogenin gene via PCRs. Thirty-three bear DNA samples, extracted not only from blood (n=9) but also from hair (n=18) and feces (n=6), were used. We performed sex-specific PCR amplifications of the amelogenin gene using a primer set, SE47 and SE48. The primer set could successfully amplify a single X-specific band for females and both X- and Y-specific bands for males from all blood (100%) and hair (100%) samples. In addition, the primer set could distinguish the sex of bears in four out of a total of six fecal samples (approximately 67%). This study's findings suggest that this molecular method can be applied to sex identification of Asiatic black bears from various Asian regions using non-invasive samples, such as hair and feces.
Chen, A-qin,Xu, Zi-rong,Yu, Song-dong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.11
The objective of this study was to develop a simplified, efficient, and accurate protocol for sexing goat embryos. Based on the amelogenin gene located on the conservation region of X- and Y- chromosomes, a pair of primers was utilized and the system of PCR was established to amplify a 262 bp fragment from the X- chromosome in female goats, and a 262 bp fragment from X- chromosome and 202 bp fragment from the Y- chromosome in male goats, respectively. The accuracy and specificity of the primers were assessed using DNA template extracted from goat whole blood sample of known sex. 100% (10/10) concordance was obtained by using the PCR assay. Fifty-one biopsied embryos were transferred into 25 recipient goats on the same day that the embryos were collected and sex of the kid was confirmed after parturition. Eighteen kids of predicted sex were born. The biopsied samples from 51 goat embryos were amplified with 100% efficiency and 94.7% accuracy. In conclusion, our results indicated that PCR sexing protocols based on the amelogenin gene is highly reliable and suitable for sex determination of goats.