재해시 위험가능성과 도로폐쇄시뮬레이션에 의한 방재안전성에 관한 연구 - 일본 오이타현 사이키시를 대상으로 -

김대일,박성찬,고주연,염춘호,Kim, Daeill,Park, Sungchan,Go, Jooyeon,Yeom, Chunho 한국안전학회 2020 한국안전학회지 Vol.35 No.2

In recent years, the scale of damage from disasters such as earthquakes and large-scale fires and floods that are occurring in Korea is increasing. Accordingly, interest in urban disaster prevention that combines living infrastructure such as roads and parks is boosting, and it is urgent to prepare measures to reduce the damage scale of local cities. The purpose of this study is to derive implications for disaster prevention measures in areas where disaster prevention safety of local cities is weak through examples of disaster prevention safety of local cities in case of disaster. To this end, this study analyzed the regional characteristics, current status, and disaster prevention problems of regional cities in Japan, and selected disaster-vulnerable areas, and considered the distance relationship between disaster prevention bases through road network analysis. In addition, road closure simulation using ArcGIS Network Analyst was conducted to analyze disaster prevention safety in the area. As a result, the situation of the village which has a high possibility of isolation by natural disasters was grasped in advance. Through this, the suburbs confirmed the necessity of supplementing the disaster prevention function through transportation maintenance such as forest roads, and it was found that the city needs to prepare a risk management system. Furthermore, this study suggests the need for research on areas with a high possibility of isolation, especially in areas where disaster prevention functions are weak in local cities in case of disaster, and shows countermeasures for disaster prevention measures and resident education.

재난서사에 대항하기― 쓰촨대지진 이후 중국영화의 재난서사

백지운 한국중국현대문학학회 2014 中國現代文學 Vol.0 No.69

The disaster narrative is a competitive arena between theauthoritative interpretation and the counter interpretations of adisaster incident. The disaster narrative is paradoxical in the waythat the opposing narratives end up consolidating the authoritativenarrative. This paradox indicates the disaster narrative’s limit andhighlights the significance of the counter-disaster-narrative. For a theoretical establishment of the counter-disaster-narrative,this article refers to Frankenstein as oppositional Arctic writing inimperial English society. While the mainstream Polar writingsintend to transform the disaster during Arctic expeditions intofanatical applause for national heroes, Frankenstein chooses to facethe fear and anxiety that permeates English society. Here, theoutline of the counter-disaster-narrative emerges. By transformingfrom a social tragedy into a hopeful drama, disaster narrativesconsolidate the existing social structure rather than questioning it. In this context, Frankenstein’s coping mechanism for social anxietyand fear provides a useful theoretical basis for the counter-disaster narrative. Based on this framework, this article analyses Chinese disasternarratives after the Sichuan Earthquake focusing on Aftershock(2010) and Back to 1942 (2012), both of which are directed by FengXiaogang. These two movies provide a stark contrast in theirdepictions of disasters. While Aftershock transforms the nationaltrauma of the Tangshan Earthquake into a drama of hope andprosperity, Back to 1942 cuts off the channel to hope with anunrelenting portrait of a dystopia after the Henan Famine. Back to1942 leads us a fundamental question of what disaster narrativesshould be. The disaster narrative is more about humans andsociety than nature. As Frankenstein explains that fear about themonster is actually rooted in our deep-seated fear about thebrutality of the “civilized” human beings, Back to 1942 connotes ananxiety lurking deep down in a contemporary Chinese society thathas been rushing toward becoming a global power.

연구논문 : 재난은 세계의 수를 늘린다: 일본 방재과학기술과 지진재해의 상연(上演)

이강원 ( Kang Won Lee ) 한국문화인류학회 2014 韓國文化人類學 Vol.47 No.3

일본의 방재과학기술은 지진재해를‘두껍게’만드는 매개자로서, 지진에 연관된 여러집단을 소집하고 이들 간의 협의와 타협을 통해 새로운 배열방식들을 생산하도록 하는 장치들의 묶음이다. 이러한 장치들이 모여 있는 방재연구소는‘주변’에서 옮겨 온 다양한 이해관계 집단의 목소리가 새로운 방식으로 교차하고 배열되는 방재과학기술의‘중심(center)’이다. 본 연구는 1995년 고베대지진 이후 2011년 3·11동일본대지진 사이에 일본의 한 방재연구소에서 진행된 지진재해의 상연(enacting)을 기술하면서, 방재연구소를 통해‘예견되는 재앙’이 여러 양식(styles)에 따라 상연된 지진재해의 합성물임을 밝혔다. 상연양식은 불확실성에 대응하기 위해 그려진 질서 잡힌 세계의 구도(세계상)이기도 하며, 그 수가 늘어나면서 지진재해는 복합적이 되었다. 지진재해가 복합적일수록 개인은 여러 세계상에 선택적으로 접속하는 것을 통해 탄력적인 방재활동을 할 수 있게 된다. Science and technology of disaster in Japan is the mediator that makes earthquake disaster‘thick’as a bundle of instruments producing new modes of ordering through consultation and compromise among the interested groups assembled. Disaster research centers where the instruments are gathered is‘the center’of the science and technology of disaster prevention, in which diverse voices of interested groups from ‘the periphery’are crossed and rearranged in new ways. This study describes the process of enacting earthquake disaster in a disaster prevention research center in Japan, and also it attempts to highlight‘catastrophe prediction’by the disaster prevention research center as a composite of various versions of earthquake disaster enacted in different styles. Styles of enacting are the composition of cosmograms for replying to the uncertainty of disaster. Thus, earthquakes become more complex, and individuals become more flexible in disaster prevention activities by selectivly accessing different cosmograms.

일반인에서의 재난인식, 재난태도, 재난대처능력 간 영향관계

최미영(Mi-Young Choi),이효주(Hyo-Ju Lee),윤성우(Seong-Woo Yun) 한국정보통신학회 2022 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구는 일반인들의 재난인식, 재난태도, 재난대처능력 간 관계를 파악하고 재난에 대한 인식 제고 및 대처방안 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용되고자 시도되었다. 본 연구는 K도, D광역시에 거주하고 있는 일반인 총 250명을 대상으로 2021년 7월 16일부터 7월31일까지 진행하였다. 본 연구결과 재난인식, 재난태도, 재난대처능력 간 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 일반인들의 재난인식은 재해 태도(재난대비 필요성, 재난관리)에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 또한 재난태도의 하위요인 중 재난관리는 재난대처능력에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 따라서 일반인들의 재난인식을 높임으로써 재난대처능력을 높이기 위한 구체적이고, 주기적인 교육이 마련되어야할 것이다. This study was attempted to understand the relationship between disaster awareness, disaster attitude, and disaster response ability of the general public, and to be used as basic data to raise awareness of disasters and prepare countermeasures. This study was conducted from July 16 to July 31, 2021 for a total of 250 ordinary people living in K-do and D metropolitan cities. As a result of this study, it was found that it had an effect between disaster awareness, disaster attitude, and disaster response ability. Specifically, it was found that the general publics awareness of disaster had a significant effect on disaster attitude (necessity for disaster preparation, disaster management) (p<.001). In addition, among the sub-factors of disaster attitude, disaster management was found to have a significant effect on disaster response ability (p< .01). Therefore, specific and periodic education should be prepared to increase the ability to cope with disasters by increasing the general publics awareness of disasters.

Relationship Between Disaster and Corruption: Focusing on country-level analysis

( Jae Hun Shim ) 한국정책학회 2021 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.12 No.2

In this study, the existing research on corruption in the field of disaster management discusses the effects of increased risk from disasters on corruption and the effects of corruption on disasters from a one-way perspective, respectively. It also starts from the awareness of the lack of discussion on disaster vulnerability in the impact of corruption on disasters. Based on the necessity of this study, the cyclical relationship between them was empirically analyzed by verifying the mediating effect of corruption on the effect of increased risk from disasters on disaster vulnerability. To this end, the risks of natural disasters classified into earthquake, flood, tsunami, typhoon, and drought for 164 countries out of 195 countries in the world, and the risks from conflict and violence, were composed of human disasters, By measuring the degree of corruption, the relationship between variables was verified using multiple regression analysis to verify the mediating effect. As a result of the analysis, the increase in risk due to the occurrence of a disaster had a significant effect on weakening the vulnerability to disaster, and it was confirmed that the occurrence of a disaster was a factor inducing corruption. Therefore, when considering the cyclical relationship between risk from disasters, disaster vulnerability, and corruption, this study suggests that a one-way perspective on the relationship between disasters, corruption, and disaster vulnerability can mutually influence from a cyclical perspective. It emphasizes the need for an anti-corruption strategy that can secure accountability and transparency at the domestic as well as international level to reduce corruption in the field of disaster management.

Alleviating Disaster Vulnerability and Improving Resilience of the Elderly

Won Hee Chung,양기근 (사)위기관리이론과실천 2022 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.12 No.1

When disasters occur, older people are more at risk than other age groups. This is because physical fitness, hearing, and vision deteriorate due to aging, and physical movement is not easy. Nevertheless, there are insufficient studies on accurate identification of the elderly who have disaster-safety vulnerabilities, and the recognition and behavior of the disaster risks of the elderly. In the age of aging, it is necessary to prepare systematic measures against disaster vulnerability and to promote resilience for the elderly. And it is urgent to implement practical disaster safety policies for the elderly as disaster-vulnerable people. The purpose of this study is to analyze the disaster vulnerability of elderly people and to improve their resilience in the age of aging. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, we examine the current status of the elderly people's disaster vulnerability, including the current status of the elderly and their recognition of disaster safety. This paper suggests: disaster vulnerability management that reflects the disaster vulnerability and desire of the elderly, legal and institutional support for enhancing the resilience of disaster recovery of the elderly, the development, education, and training with disaster-response manuals for the elderly.

선사시대 원시인의 재난과 대처양식에 대한 분석심리학적 연구 : 신화와 암각화를 중심으로

정찬승 ( Chan-seung Chung ) 한국분석심리학회 2017 心性硏究 Vol.32 No.2

재난(災難)은 외면적으로는 인간과 사회에 감당하기 힘든 피해를 주는 엄청난 사건이며, 내면적으로는 인간의 마음속에 있는 온갖 종류의 개인적, 집단적 콤플렉스들을 자극한다. 2014년 세월호 침몰 사고는 많은 인명이 갑자기 사망한 인재이며, 대한민국뿐 아니라 전 세계의 수많은 사람들이 큰 심리적 충격을 받았다. 저자는 이 사고의 재난정신건강지원에 직접 참여하면서, 현대 기술 문명의 발달에 대한 자만심이 무너지고 거대한 슬픔과 무력감에 빠진 사람들을 만나는 과정에서 의식적, 무의식적 반응들을 분석심리학적 관점에서 고찰하고 연구해야 할 필요성을 실감했다. 본 연구는 신화와 암각화를 중심으로 선사시대 인간의 재난에 대한 관념과 대처양식을 조사하여, 그 속에 나타난 보편적, 원초적, 원형적 인간 심성과 문화적 특수성을 찾아내고 그 의미와 지혜를 발견하여 현대의 재난대응의 문제점과 개선의 방향을 고찰하고자 한다. 세계 도처의 창세신화들은 태초에 우주적 창조의 일부로서 재난이 있었다는 것을 보여준다. 인류는 선사시대로부터 세계의 주기적 경신(更新)이라는 파괴와 창조의 양면성의 관념에서 재난을 이해하고 대처했으며, 금기의 위반이 재난을 일으킨다는 관념을 갖고 있었다. 재난은 외견상 파괴적 작용을 통해서 의식의 근본적 경신(更新)을 지향하는 ‘자기(Self)’의 의도로 해석할 수 있다. 재난이라는 정신적 위기 상황에서 행해진 다양한 의례는 무의식과의 소통을 통해 인간의식을 새롭게 하고, 전체 정신의 조화를 추구하는 정신적 재생의 기회가 됐다. 현대 사회는 재난대응에 있어서 외면적, 기술적, 행정적 대응에만 치중한 나머지 고통받는 인간의 심성과 내면적 대처의 중요성을 간과하고 있다. 우리는 재난의 발생을 결정할 수는 없지만, 재난의 대처방식을 결정할 수는 있다. 외면적 재난대응을 힘써 발달시킴과 동시에, 재난의 의미를 성찰하여 인간의 심성을 살피는 내면적 재난대응을 함으로써 인간은 재난을 통해 고통의 의미를 발견하고 성숙의 길로 나아갈 수 있을 것이다. Disaster is externally an incident that causes enormous damage to society and humanity. Disaster also internally stimulate a variety of personal and collective complexes in the human mind. The sinking of Sewol Ferry in 2014 was a disaster that took away countless lives. People not only in South Korea but around the world were deeply affected by the incident. While directly taking part in disaster mental health support and meeting with people who were sunk in sorrow and helplessness and feeling the collapse of conceit against modern technological civilization, I realised the need to conduct study and research on the conscious and unconscious response from the viewpoint of analytical psychology. This research investigates the response and management of disaster in prehistoric times mainly through myths and petroglyphs. This study aims to consider the problems and improvements of disaster response in the modern times by finding the distinct cultural characteristics and the universal, fundamental, and archetypal human nature inherent in the concepts of disaster and responses to disaster and discovering their meaning and wisdom. Creation myths around the world show that in the beginning there was a disaster as part of the universal creation. Humanity has understood disaster as a periodic renewal of the world by the oppositeness between destruction and creation and had the idea that violation of taboo to be the cause of disaster since prehistoric times. Disaster could be interpreted as the intention of the Self that renews the fundamental consciousness through the externally appearing destructive action. Various rituals performed by man on earth renovates the human consciousness during a mental crisis situation, such as a disaster, and corresponds with the unconscious to create an opportunity for psychological regeneration that seeks harmony. Modern society has neglected the importance of internal dealing and the suffering human soul and concentrated on the external, technological and administrative actions related with disaster response. We cannot determine the occurrence of a disaster, but we can determine how to deal with the disaster. While developing external disaster response, we need to ponder on the meaning of disaster and conduct internal disaster response that care for human mind. Through this, we will understand the meaning of pain and have renewed mature psyche.

Improvement Plan of Framework Act on the Management of DISASTERS and Safety for Effective Evacuation Strategies in South Korea

Junho Choi,Chongsoo Cheung,Dongkwan Lee J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.6 No.4

Purpose: Framework act on the management of disasters and safety is the highest law covering disasters and safety in South Korea. Disaster management infrastructure has been expanded through the enactment and revision of the Framework act on the management of disasters and safety. However, there is still a high awareness that disaster management should be led by the administration. In the modern society, where self-help is emphasized above all else in the event of a disaster, it is difficult to expect effective disaster response through administrative initiative alone. This study intends to review measures to improve Framework act on the management of disasters and safety through evacuation that enables the primary victims, the residents, to respond to disasters most effectively. Method: The items such as enhancement of disaster site response capacity and emphasis on the role of local governments in disaster and safety management , which were newly revised in 2015, were reviewed. The problems of the current Disaster Safety Act were reviewed from three perspectives: Incomplete disaster prevention administration in case of a disaster , Various aspects of local residents for evacuation , and Insufficient structure of public-private cooperative system for evacuation . Results: First, it is necessary to recognize the incompleteness of disaster prevention administration during a disaster. Rather than increasing dependence on the administration, improvement should be made with the direction of how the residents can increase their independence and self-reliance. Second, the evacuation order should be improved to be ‘situational information’ that informs residents that they are in a situation that makes them think of evacuation, rather than ‘action directive type’. Third, the Framework act on the management of disasters and safety should stipulate in detail the establishment and reinforcement of public-private cooperation networks that utilize the capabilities of residents. Conclusion: For effective evacuation in the event of a large-scale disaster, the response capacity between various actors in the local community must be quickly aggregated. In addition, through improvement of the Disaster Safety Act in the future, the evacuation plan should start with reestablishing the relationship between the administration and residents. Residents should be aware of their own role for evacuation, and the administration should have a system that can support it as much as possible.

재난관리의 시스템화를 위한 재난교육체계 운영 방향에 대한 제언

이창훈 대구과학대학교 국방안보연구소 2017 사회융합연구 Vol.1 No.2

Integrated disaster response is required to effectively respond to the disaster environment, making the role of fire fighting as a field response unit of disaster management very important. On the other hand, there is a considerable shortage of safety education facilities in Korea that can receive professional education in case of a disaster (disaster) and is being conducted by the central government. In the U.S., Japan, Germany and other advanced countries, safety education is organized into regular school curricula to provide customized safety education based on the type of disaster, and disaster safety education is strictly based on experience. In comparison, Korea has failed to play a key role in disaster management due to its heavy reliance on the central government in disaster management and difficulties in securing manpower and material resources to cope with disasters. The systematization of such disaster management requires the establishment of a disaster safety education system through the establishment of a regional disaster safety response team, development and certification of national qualification system for disaster management experts, as well as the opening of departments related to disaster safety and development of standardized education courses. 재난환경에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서 통합적인 재난대응이 요구되고 있어 재난관리의 현장대응 부서로서 소방의 역할이 매우 중요해지고 있다. 반면, 국내에는 재난(재해)에 대비하여 전문교육을 받을 수 있는 안전교육 시설이 턱없이 부족한 실정이며 중앙정부에서 실시하는 교육으로 진행되고 있다. 미국과 일본, 독일 등 선진국에서는 안전교육을 학교의 정규 교육과정에 편성해 재난 유형에 따른 맞춤형 안전교육 을 실시하고 있으며, 철저하게 체험 위주의 재난안전 교육을 실시하고 있다. 이에 비해 우리나라의 경우 재난관리에 있어 중앙정부에 대한 의존도가 높고 재난에 대처하기 위한 상시 인력과 물적 재원확보에 어려움이 따르다 보니 재난애등에 있어 핵심 역할을 효과적으로 수행하지 못하고 있는 싷정이다. 이러한 재난관리의 시스템화를 위해서는 중앙정부조직 주도하에 공적인 교유이 진행됨과 동시에 민간대학에서도 재난안전과 관련된 학과개설 및 표준화된 교육과정개발과 지역별 재난안전 대응팀 구축과 재난안전 연구센터, 재난관리전문가의 국가공인자격 제도의 개발 및 인가등을 통하여 재난안전교육시스템 구축이 필요하다.

정부의 재난 구호서비스와 갈등 간의 영향 관계에 관한 연구 -피해규모에 따른 조절효과를 중심으로-

이대웅,이다솔 한국정책분석평가학회 2023 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 재난 이후 지역사회에서 발생하는 갈등의 최소화를 위해, 재난 구호서비스와의 영향관계를 검증하였다. 특히 재난 구호서비스를 통한 응급조치와 긴급복구는 중장기적으로 지역사회 내 갈등의 발생을 줄일 수 있다. 그러나 한편으로 재난 구호서비스는 공급의 효율성, 분배의 공정성, 자원의 충분성 등의 문제로 인해 갈등을 일으키기도 한다. 재난 구호서비스는 단순 물자 공급이 아닌, 재난갈등과의 밀접한 관계를 맺는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 재난 구호서비스를 '긴급물자 영역, 보건의료 영역, 심리회복 영역, 경제지원 영역'을 유형화하여 재난갈등과의 영향관계를 분석하고, 재난관리 주체인 정부에 대한 신뢰의 매개 효과를 검토한다. 나아가 심층적인 탐구를 위하여 주민이 경험한 재난 피해 규모가 재난 구호서비스와 재난갈등 간 영향관계에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 탐색한다. 분석자료 및 방법은 국립재난안전연구원에서 수집한 ‘재난피해자 패널조사’를 활용하여 구조방정식과 다중집단분석 방법을 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재난 구호서비스 유형 중 심리회복·경제지원 영역은 피해주민의 정부를 향한 신뢰의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 보건의료 영역은 정부 신뢰를 매개로 재난갈등을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 정부에 대한 신뢰가 높을수록 재난갈등 상황에 쉽게 노출되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 공정한 자원 분배가 필요하고, 투명한 의사결정 과정과 이해 관계자들의 의견을 수렴하는 의사소통이 강화되어야 함을 확인하였다. 이와 함께 신속하고 정확한 의사소통 체계 확립, 다양한 이해 관계자들 간의 협력과 조정 역시 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 이상 본 연구에서는 재난 구호서비스와 재난갈등에 관한 학술적 외연을 확대하고, 우리나라 재난 구호서비스의 설계와 운영의 학술적 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. This study aimed to examine the relationship between disaster relief services and conflicts in local communities that arise after disasters, with the goal of minimizing such conflicts. The study categorized disaster relief services into 'emergency supplies, healthcare, psychological recovery, and economic support' areas and analyzed their impact on disaster-related conflicts. Additionally, the study investigated the mediating effect of trust in the government, the entity responsible for disaster management. Furthermore, the research explored how the scale of disaster damage influences the relationship between disaster relief services and conflicts. The key findings of the analysis are as follows. Firstly, among the types of disaster relief services, the areas of psychological recovery and economic support had a positive impact on enhancing trust in the government among affected residents. Secondly, the healthcare domain was found to decrease disaster-related conflicts through mediating the trust in the government. Thirdly, it was confirmed that higher trust in the government is associated with increased exposure to situations of disaster-related conflicts. Based on these results, the study emphasized the need for fair resource distribution, enhanced communication involving transparent decision-making processes, and the incorporation of opinions from stakeholders. In conclusion, this research aimed to broaden the scholarly understanding of the relationship between disaster relief services and conflicts and to provide academic foundational data for the design and operation of disaster relief services in South Korea.