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이철학,김상운 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.-
Among the facial components, the eyes play an important role in recognizing human faces. This paper proposes an effective method of detecting the eyes from facial images, where the detection is carried out two steps. First of all, eye-windows(EW) containing the eyes and eyebrows are extracted with the vertical/horizontal projections. After then, the positions of the eyes are detected by applying the normalized cross correlation (CC)method to the eye window extracted in the first step. While searching the EWs, we have took smoothing firstly to reduce influence of noise and sharper bounds. From the experimental results tor the well-known face databases, we have confirmed a possibility that the proposed method, which is hierarchically combined with EW and CC in sequence, could be available one for appearance based face retrieval.
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이철학,김상운 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2006 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.-
Image segmentation is an essential preliminary step in pattern recognition and scene analysis problems. Thresholding is a fundamental approach to segmentation that utilizes a significant degree of pixel popularity or intensity. Otsu's thresholding is one of the most well-known methods proposed in the literature. In the Otsu's method, the normalized histogram was employed as a discrete probability density function and a criterion of maximizing the between-class variance of pixel intensity was utilized to choose a threshold value for segmentation. In this paper, first of all, we simplify the between-class variance by which we can easily compute the criterion. Then, we propose a simple thresholding method for finding multi-level threshold values by extending the Otsu's method. Our experimental results how a possibility that the proposed method could be used efficiently for image segmentation.
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문장패턴 변환방법을 이용한 韓-中-日 수화 통신 시스템에 관한 기초연구
이철학,김상운 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-
Abstract - In this paper, we implemented and investigated a sign-language communication system among Korean, Chinese, and Japanese as an extension of the sign-language communication system between Korean and Japanese. Using the system, the deaf-mute can chat each other with sign-language among the three country having different languages on the Internet. Additionally, a translation of sigh-language enables the people with different languages to communicate each other. The system employed the client-server architecture, where the client inputs the sentence by keyboard, and sends it to the server. Then the server translates it into target sign-language parameters and returns them to the group of clients. Finally, the client re-generates the sigh-language animation with the received parameters. At that time, we have used a translation table of language patterns to translate each other among different language structures.
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Li-li Gu,Zhe-lun Shen,Yang-Lei Li,Yi-Qi Bao,Hong Lu 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.5
Oxymatrine (OMT) often used in treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in clinic. However, OMT–induced liver injury has been reported. In this study, we aim to investigate the possible mechanism of OMT-induced hepatotoxicity in human normal liver cells (L02). Exposed cells to OMT, the cell viability was decreased and apoptosis rate increased, the intracellular markers of oxidative stress were changed. Simultaneously, OMT altered apoptotic related proteins levels, including Bcl-2, Bax and pro-caspase-8/-9/-3. In addition, OMT enhanced the protein levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress makers (GRP78/Bip, CHOP, and cleaved-Caspase-4) and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), as well as the mRNA levels of GRP78/Bip, CHOP, caspase-4, and ER stress sensors (IREI, ATF6, and PERK). Pre-treatment with Z-VAD-fmk, JNK inhibitor SP600125 and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, partly improved the survival rates and restored OMT-induced cellular damage, and reduced caspase-3 cleavage. SP600125 or NAC reduced OMT-induced p-JNK and NAC significantly lowered caspase-4. Furthermore, 4-PBA, the ER stress inhibitor, weakened inhibitory effect of OMT on cells, on the contrary, TM worsen. 4-PBA also reduced the levels of p-JNK and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins. Therefore, OMT-induced injury in L02 cells was related to ROS mediated p-JNK and ER stress induction. Antioxidant, by inhibition of p-JNK or ER stress, may be a feasible method to alleviate OMT-induced liver injury.
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Gu, Li-li,Shen, Zhe-lun,Li, Yang-Lei,Bao, Yi-Qi,Lu, Hong Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.5
Oxymatrine (OMT) often used in treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in clinic. However, OMT-induced liver injury has been reported. In this study, we aim to investigate the possible mechanism of OMT-induced hepatotoxicity in human normal liver cells (L02). Exposed cells to OMT, the cell viability was decreased and apoptosis rate increased, the intracellular markers of oxidative stress were changed. Simultaneously, OMT altered apoptotic related proteins levels, including Bcl-2, Bax and pro-caspase-8/-9/-3. In addition, OMT enhanced the protein levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress makers (GRP78/Bip, CHOP, and cleaved-Caspase-4) and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), as well as the mRNA levels of GRP78/Bip, CHOP, caspase-4, and ER stress sensors (IREI, ATF6, and PERK). Pre-treatment with Z-VAD-fmk, JNK inhibitor SP600125 and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, partly improved the survival rates and restored OMT-induced cellular damage, and reduced caspase-3 cleavage. SP600125 or NAC reduced OMT-induced p-JNK and NAC significantly lowered caspase-4. Furthermore, 4-PBA, the ER stress inhibitor, weakened inhibitory effect of OMT on cells, on the contrary, TM worsen. 4-PBA also reduced the levels of p-JNK and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins. Therefore, OMT-induced injury in L02 cells was related to ROS mediated p-JNK and ER stress induction. Antioxidant, by inhibition of p-JNK or ER stress, may be a feasible method to alleviate OMT-induced liver injury.
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A Novel Menthol-Cementing Sampling Technique for Cohesionless Coarse-Grained Fillers
Zhe Li,Zhenguo Zhu,Lulu Liu,Lei Sun,Zhongjiang Wang,Xiaowei Gu 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.2
It is difficult to test the engineering properties of undisturbed cohesionless coarse-grained fillers in the laboratory, especially those with low water contents because most sampling methods disturb the natural structure of the filler. This study proposes a novel sampling method that uses menthol as a temporary cement to obtain samples that are more resistant to disturbance. Liquid menthol infiltrates the interparticle spaces and cements the particles together as it cools, forming a high-strength structure. The samples can then be cut with a cutting ring (for grain sizes ≤ 0.5 mm) or a cutting machine (for grain sizes > 0.5 mm) to prepare the final samples, from which the menthol is removed by heating. To demonstrate the feasibility of the method, a number of laboratory experiments were performed, including sampling tests, confined compressive strength tests, vibration tests, drop tests, and CT scans. The optimal particle temperature for introducing the liquid menthol is 70°C, while 90°C is optimal for removing the cemented menthol. For both cost and anti-disturbance reasons, 20°C is suggested as a suitable storage temperature for menthol-cemented samples. The interspace structure undergoes less change with increases in sample depth and with larger grain sizes. We recommend that the lower two-third of the depth of a menthol-cemented block is used as the final sample for laboratory testing.
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Li Yuchan,Zhao Jun,Chen Hua,Yu Xia,Li Hui,Zhang Yu,Feng Liang,Wu Zhe,Xie Wenlin,Hou Dabin,Yu Ma 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.2
Bupleurum chinense DC is an important medicinal plant with many active ingredients that are used for the treatment of different types of diseases and valued in pharmaceutical markets. In vitro shoot regeneration can efficiently contribute to the improvement of B. chinense. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the explant type and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration in B. chinense. Our investigation demonstrated that 2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 1 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) played a major role in promoting callus induction from leaf, hypocotyl and stem 2 explants, whereas the most effective treatment for stem 1 callus formation was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg/L kinetin (Kin). The highest shoot regeneration rate (57.14%) was obtained from hypocotyl-induced calli in MS medium with 0.5 mg/L Kin after 12 weeks of cultivation. This regeneration protocol can be used in large-scale cultivation and may be useful for future genetic modifications of B. chinense.
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