자연과학(동물) 정보에이전트의 설계 및 구현

변영태,오정민 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Information providers of internet are increased by the fast technical development of network, and they provide a vast amount of information in various fields. Because of this reason, it becomes too hard for users to get fast what they want. There are several search engines that help users with the keyword matching method, but it is still a burden to users to find suitable keywords. Therefore we implement the intelligent information retrieval agent(HILA-la : HongIk Information Agent) that converts user's queries to forms to be compatible to user's thought and suitable to a specific domain, and provides the necessary information. The knowledge base about an animals domain has been built in an ontological aspect to share information between information agents and the HILA-la system supplies necessary information by processing the queries of users and other agents, and also shows URL list of proper web pages by extending given queries based on knowledge base. We also supplement new operators for users to represent their thought more clearly and make the system behave more intelligent by learning from accumulated results and user feedback. HILA-la has been developed on Windows 98 with Visual C++ 5.0, CLIPS and MS Access, the results are promising in terms of the information provider.

인공과학실험실 확장 : 전기 실험

변영태,오석일 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

ASL-EE (Artificial Science Laboratory for Electrical Experiments) is founded on the system structure of ACL-V (Artificial Chemistry Laboratory-V), which is formerly formulated and based on hierarchical knowledge related chemistry. ASL-EE has been improved and developed as a virtual experimental system that can simulate basic direct current circuit experiments, magnetic field experiments concerning magnetic force, and chemical cell experiments using the knowledge of chemistry that enclosed to elementary, middle, and high school curriculums. The former inference model had been improved and modified so that each consisting electronic device plays a role as a center of the main analyzing principal in a circuit. We expand this system to make more various experiments; not only the direct current experiments but also alternating current circuit is possible. The results show the possibility of contribution for science education by allowing students to do non-predefined electrical experiments in WYSIWYG(What You See Is What You Get) environment on computers. In this paper, we present an integrated strategy of partitioning and scheduling. We apply FDS technique for the scheduling. But, we use the relative scheduling urgency for partitioning that is the effect of an assignment of a node to a specific time step. The proposed algorithm produced good results and better execution time than paper [14]'s results for all benchmarks. In the future, we should include the communication costs between hardware and software components.

802.11e 매체접근제어 프로토콜에서 트래픽의 발생률에 따른 EDCF의 종단간 전달 지연 특성 연구

변태영,조무호 경주대학교 정보전자기술연구소 2003 情報電子技術論叢 Vol.2 No.-

In this paper, we analyze the end-to-end path delay in the EDCF mode of 80211e network which provide QoS control capability in the wireless LAN environment. As described in 80211e specification, under the EDCF operation, the realtime traffic such as streaming service, VoD service with high priority get more frequent chance to transmit frames than that of low priority traffic. To verify these characteristic, we implemented a simulation tool which support the 80211e MAC and measured the characteristics of the end-to-end path delay among various traffic streams. The simulation results showed that the delay of traffic with high priority is supported with a QoS guarantee, but the traffic with low priority experience a great delay as the number of mobile terminal is above a point which is regarded as threshold.

웹에서의 제품정보 수집 정보에이젼트

卞永泰,吳錫一 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

ASL-EE(Artificial Science Laboratory for Electical Experiments) has been developed as a virtual experimental system that can simulate basic direct current circuit experiments, magnetic field experiments concerning magnetic force, and chemical cell experiments using the knowledge of chemistry that enclosed to elementary, middle, and high school curriculums. Since the Web provides a lot of useful information about electrical components as well as general products, it is desirable to give ASL-EE users chances to look at commercial information about electrical components so that when they want to buy some of components used in the simulation in ASL-EE, they can get useful product information about the components before buying. This paper introduces WIMA-EE(Web Information Mining Agent for Electrical Elements) which consists of three modules: Collector, Extractor, and Wrapper. Collector collects related Web pages by using Web Robot, and Extractor extracts electrical component part numbers from tables on Web pages by tag-based analysis. Wrapper is a program which generates part numbers automatically based on the information of Extractor, sends them to related shopping malls and get product information when the results are successful. The current system covers only semi-structured (table form) Web pages and should be extended in future.

유기화합물과 불균일 혼합물 처리를 위한 인공화학실험실의 확장

변영태,조성태 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Experiments in a laboratory are very important in science education for primary, middle, and high school students. However, education systems in many countries do not provide enough experiment chances to students for several reasons. One of most important reasons is hat financial support from a government is not sufficient. Besides that, insufficiency of experimental and managerial facilities for laboratories and equipments, danger of experimental accidents, heavy pressure to get high scores of entrance written exams for a school of higher grade, and other difficulties would make it so. From desirable science education's point of view, there is still a problem in countries where students have reasonable experimental chances. The problem is that every student does not participate equally in experiments and they do only predetermined experiments during class hours. Nobody can do any experiment, which is not predetermined,whenever they want. As an alternative to solve the problem, we developed ACL (Artificial Chemistry Laboratory) to make students do on personal computers any experiment whenever they want. However, the previous ACL system has limitations, since it covers only pure substances and homogeneous mixtures. ACL-V is an extended version of the previous ACL system in order to cover organic (carbonic) compounds and heterogeneous mixtures. To include heterogeneous mixtures, we extend the knowledge base, the spatial description lanaguage, the existence shape description langauge, and related processes. ACL-V handles solid, liquid, and gas heterogeenous mixtures. To include organic (carbonic) compounds, we extend the knowledge base and the process libraray. The hierarchy of the knowledge base is made based on the commonly accepted grouping knowledge of chemistry. The first subclass of the Carbonic class is the Aliphatic class for aliphatic carbonic material. It is further divided into three subclasses. The Aromatic class is for aromatic carbonic material and divided into several subclasses, and the HighMolecu

MFCM을 사용한 모델 기반의 진단 시스템

卞永泰 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This paper describes a diagnostic system which has deep knowledge such as a mental model and commonsense knowledge. while traditional knowledge-base systems use shallow knowledge. We implement MFCM(Most Fuzzy Cognitive Map) and its simulation algorithm for a model-based system which allows us to represent, inference and understand behaviors of physical devices or systems, and develop a diagnostic system using the model and causal constraints. When a variable in a system is known to be wrong, the adjacency principle selects a possible constraint which affects the variable value, and then the constraint suspension strategy is used to build a fault model based on the original model. The diagnostic system uses the same simulation algorithm and therefore generates a state which describes the current wrong behavior. With a single fault assumption, the current implementation identifies which constraint(i.e. which part of a physical system) works wrong.

교정환자에서 MRI를 이용한 측두하악관절 장애의 연구

김태우,변은선,백승학,장영일,남동석,양원식 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.2

측두하악관절의 자기공명영상(MRI)은 하악과두와 관절원판(disc)의 관계를 잘 보여주기 때문에 관절내장증(internal derangement)의 진단을 위해 매우 유용하다. 이번 연구의 목적은 서울대학교 치과병원 교정과에 내원한 측두하악관절 장애가 의심되는 환자들의 MRI자료를 평가하여 관절 내장증의 유무, 발생빈도 및 심도를 파악하는 것이다. MRI를 촬영한 표본은 남자 10명, 여자 40명으로 총 50명이었고 평균 나이는 22.9세였다. 전체 50명 중에 43명에서 positive finding이 관찰되었다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자 중에서 전방관절원판변위 (anterior disc displacement : ADD)는 비정복성이 56%로 가장 많았으며, 양쪽 관절에서 동시에 일어난 경우가 65%로 가장 많았다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자를 Angle 분류 시, Ⅱ급 1류 부정교합 환자가 39.6%, Ⅱ급 2류 부정교합 환자가 2.3%로 Ⅱ급 부정교합이 41.9%로 가장 많았고, 1급 부정교합 환자는 37.2%, Ⅲ급 부정결합 환자가 18.6%, 확인 안된 경우가 2.3%였다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자 중에서 안면 비대칭 환자는 8.6%, 개교 환자는 55.8%였다. 결론적으로 측두하악관절의 관절 내장증을 가진 환자에서는 Ⅱ급 부정교합이 차지하는 비율이 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 개교나 안면 비대칭은 측두하악관절 장애로 인한 보상적 또는 비보상적인 변형에 의해 나타날 수 있으며 퇴행성 관절 질환으로 진행되는 과정 중 안면 골격 개조의 결과로 보인다. 그러므로 개교 및 안면 비대칭이 있는 환자는 교정 치료 시작 전에 측두하악관절의 이상 유무를 MRI로 확인(screening)할 것이 권장된다. 측두하악관절 장애가 있는 경우 교정 치료 후에도 재발의 경향이 크고 측두하악관절에 대한 계속적인 관찰이 필요하므로 감별진단이 필수적이다. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) is very useful method to diagnose internal derangement of the TMJ because of its high specificity for identification of condyle-disc relationships. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existence, incidence and severity of internal derangement of the TMJ by the MRI of patients who are suspected to leave TMJ disorder. MRI sample was composed of 50 subjects(10 males, 40 females) and the mean age was 22.9 years. 43 subjects of the sample were found to have positive findings. 56% of the subjects with positive findings had ADD(anterior disc displacement) without reduction, and 65% had internal derangement of bilateral joints. Distributions in the types of malocclusion in patients with positive findings, the Angle's classification had shown : the largest 41.9% for Cl II(39.6% for Cl II div 1 and 2.3% for Cl II div 2), 37.2% for Cl I, 18.6% for Cl III, and 2.3% for the unidentified. 8.6% of the subjects with positive findings had facial asymmetry and 55.8% had openbite. We can conclude that the percentage of Cl II is the highest in patients with internal derangement of the TMJ. Openbite or facial asymmetry is considered to be uncompensated or compensated deformity which results from facial skeleton remodeling in the process of degenerative joint disease(DJD) due to TMJ degeneration. Therefore it is recommended to screen the patients with facial asymmetry or openbite by MRI before the beginning of orthodontic treatment. Differential diagnosis is essential because the tendency of relapse is high after the orthodontic treatment and continuous observation of TMJ is needed in patients with TMJ disorder.

생쥐 안구에서 산화적 손상에 의한 superoxide dismutases와 metallothionein의 나이에 따른 유도의 차이

이홍영,이태범,안춘산,변익건,최석민,권대승,최철희 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.2

The basal levels and inducibility of superoxide dismutases (SODs; Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD) and metallothionein (MT) was investigated in the eyes of mice with age. Oxidative stress was induced by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, in 1, 4, 8, and 12 months of age and then mRl\As of SODs and MT in the eyes were determined by RT-PCR assay. The basal level of Mn-SOD mRNA increased from 1 month to 8 months but decreased thereafter. Mn-SOD mRNA was induced by paraquat until 4 month but not after 8 months. On the other hand, the basal level of Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA decreased with age. Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat until 4 months. The basal level of MT mRNA declined with age whereas its inducibility by paraquat was intact at all ages. Taken together, the results indicate that SODs and MT are differentially expressed and induced according to the age. It could be also implicated that failure in induction of Mn-SOD with age may be one of causative factors in the aging process whereas induction of Cu/Zn-SOD and MT may be one of important factors in defense against oxidative stress in the eyes. 서론: 최근 노화는 반응성 산소종에 의한 산화적 손상의 축적결과라는 설이 각광을 받고 있다. 노화과정에서 노화와 관련된 질병을 비교적 잘 나타내는 안구를 선정하고, 정상생쥐의 안구에서의 superoxide dismutases (SODs) 와 metallothionein (MT) 의 함량 뿐 아니라 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 paraquat에 의한 SODs와 MT의 유도능과 나이와의 상호관계를 조사하여 이들의 노화과정에서의 역할을 규명하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 본 연구에서 1, 4, 8, 12개월된 정상생쥐의 안구에서 반응성 산소종 생성의 초기에 중요한 방어기전인 SODs mRNA와 hydroxy radical (OH·)에 의한 산화적 손상의 마지막 방어기전인 MT mRNA의 함량과 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 paraquat에 의한 유도능을 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응 (RT-PCR) 으로 조사하였다. 결과: 정상생쥐의 안구의 노화과정에서 Mn-SOD와 Cu/Zn-SOD, 그리고 MT mRNA의 항정상태 함량을 조사한 결과, Mn-SOD mRNA는 8개월까지는 증가하다가 12개월에서 감소하였으나, Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA는 나이와 함께 감소하였다. 그러나 MT mRNA 는 8개월까지는 감소하다가 12개월에서 약간 증가하였다. 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 parraquat에 의하여 Mn-SOD mRNA는 1개월과 4개월에서만 유도되었고, Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA는 8개월과 12개월에서만 유도되었으며, MT mRNA는 관찰한 전 기간에서 유도되었다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 종합하면 SODs와 MT는 안구에서 나이에 따라 서로 다르게 발현되고 유도되는 것으로 생각되며, 노화과정에서 Mn-SOD유도의 이상이 노화의 원인이 되는 인자로 작용하고, 반면에 Cu/Zn-SOD와 MT의 정상적인 유도능이 산화적 스트레스에 대하여 방어역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다. 이와 같이 연령이 증가함에 따라 Mn-SOD, Cu-Zn-SOD, 및 MT의 발현과 유도능의 차이가 있게 되고, 그 결과 반응성 산소종에 의한 산화적 손상의 정도의 차이로 노화의 속도가 조절되지 않나 생각된다.

窒素化合物의 水素化

朴龍泰,李彰熙,卞嶺錫 慶北大學校 物理化學硏究所 1984 硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Catalytic hydrogenation of benzyl cyanide and phenyl cyanide with Pd/c and chloroform as proton source produce effecitively the primary amines, β-phenylethyl amine and benzyl amine respectively. Hydrogn chloride originated from hydrogenolysis of chloroform eliminates the primary amines reduced from nitriles on the catalytic (Pd/c) surface, preventing secondary amine formation. When methylene chloride is used as proton source in the catalytic (Pd/c) hydrogenation of nitriles, secondary amines are produced. With Raney-Ni, catalytic hydrogenation of some nitriles and nitrocompounds with chloroform as proton source do not give the expected reduction products, amines. Since the expected intermediate, nitrosobenzenc and N-phenylhydroxylamine was smoothly reduced to aniline in the catalytic reduction, they might be the intermediates in the catalytic (Ra-Ni) reduction of nitrobenzene. The expected product, water from Ra-Ni catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was identified by Gas Chromatography.

조직공정성의 개념 및 조직시민행동과의 관계에 대한 이론적 고찰

안관영,변태수 尙志大學校産業經營硏究所 2002 産業經營硏究 Vol.12 No.-

This study is based on the customer's satisfaction and emphasizes the high class service and the importance of personal service-quality according to the customer's visiting for the hotel accomodations located at chun-cheon city area. Service environment quality has become one of major factors in the selection of various purchase decisions, In fact, the level of a server's service quality affects the hotel firm's performance and the server's quality is emphasized not only as key determinants of the customer's satisfaction but also as complements of the server's strategic variables. This study focuses attention on the need of guests and some changes affect resort hotel companied only at an individual level. Hotel industry should be changed to promote diffusion of innovations or the spread of new ideas or hotel service products for behavioral characteristics of the consumers visiting Chun-cheon area. In addition, they should conduct occasional consumer decision surveys to monitor their standing with guests.