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임예지(Lim, Yea-Ji),윤혜경(Yoon, Hye-Gyung),박예완(Park, Ye-Wan),이연숙(Lee, Yeun-Sook) 한국실내디자인학회 2011 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.1
This research aimed to study on the characteristics of elderly facilities environmental affordance as strategies in response to the aged society. For this, among the documentaries about the aged society, four documentaries were selected. The spatial scenes of domestic and foreign elderly facilities in documentaries were divided according to the spatial category. Among the characteristics of spatial environment of the analysis cases, the 35 scenes picked out from the 123 scenes were utilized. The data were analyzed using the Murtha and Lee’s User Benefit Criteria. The analysis results were the following. Social Facilitation was particularly important at indoor spatial environment of the four affordances. Perceptual Maintenance and Social Facilitation for private spatial environment and Physiological Maintenance and Social Facilitation for common spatial environment were emphasized. Physiological Maintenance and Social Facilitation for management support spatial environment and Social Facilitation for corridor environment were emphasized. Perceptual Maintenance and Social Facilitation were emphasized in outdoor spatial environment. Therefore, for elderly facilities it is important to have Social Facilitation, Perceptual Maintenance and Physiological Maintenance, that support the environment.
The Effect of Irradiation on Meat Products
Yea-Ji Kim,Ji Yoon Cha,Tae-Kyung Kim,Jae Hoon Lee,Samooel Jung,Yun-Sang Choi 한국축산식품학회 2024 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.44 No.4
The effects of irradiation on meat constituents including water, proteins, and lipids are multifaceted. Irradiation leads to the decomposition of water molecules, resulting in the formation of free radicals that can have both positive and negative effects on meat quality and storage. Although irradiation reduces the number of microorganisms and extends the shelf life of meat by damaging microbial DNA and cell membranes, it can also accelerate the oxidation of lipids and proteins, particularly sulfur-containing amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids. With regard to proteins, irradiation affects both myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins. Myofibrillar proteins, such as actin and myosin, can undergo depolymerization and fragmentation, thereby altering protein solubility and structure. Sarcoplasmic proteins, including myoglobin, undergo structural changes that can alter meat color. Collagen, which is crucial for meat toughness, can undergo an increase in solubility owing to irradiation-induced degradation. The lipid content and composition are also influenced by irradiation, with unsaturated fatty acids being particularly vulnerable to oxidation. This process can lead to changes in the lipid quality and the production of off-odors. However, the effects of irradiation on lipid oxidation may vary depending on factors such as irradiation dose and packaging method. In summary, while irradiation can have beneficial effects, such as microbial reduction and shelf-life extension, it can also lead to changes in meat properties that need to be carefully managed to maintain quality and consumer acceptability.
Influence of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on pharmacokinetics of active moiety of tolterodine
Ji-Yeong Byeon,이충민,Yea-Jin Lee,Young-Hoon Kim,Se-Hyung Kim,정의현,Won Ki Chae,Yun Jeong Lee,Choon-Gon Jang,Seok Yong Lee 대한약학회 2019 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.42 No.2
Tolterodine is metabolized to an active 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine (5-HMT) by CYP2D6. This study investigated the relationship between CYP2D6 genotypes and pharmacokinetics of tolterodine and its active metabolite in healthy Korean subjects. All volunteers were genotyped for CYP2D6 and divided into four different genotype groups (CYP2D6*wt/*wt [*wt = *1 or *2], CYP2D6*wt/*10, CYP2D6*10/*10, and CYP2D6*5/*10). Each subject received a single oral dose of tolterodine tartrate (2 mg) in single-dose phase of the study. After the single-dose phase of the study, the same subjects received a single oral dose of tolterodine tartrate (2 mg) once daily for 1 week during multiple-dose tolterodine administration phase. Plasma concentrations of tolterodine and 5-HMT were measured by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Our study demonstrated that plasma exposure of tolterodine in CYP2D6*10/*10 and CYP2D6*5/*10 group significantly increased, compared with CYP2D6*wt/*wt group (P < 0.001). The pharmacokinetic parameters of 5-HMT were not significantly different in relation to CYP2D6 genotype, as 5-HMT itself is also metabolized by CYP2D6. With regard to active moiety (tolterodine + 5-HMT), Cmax and AUC0–24 was significantly increased in CYP2D6*10/*10 group, compared with CYP2D6*wt/*wt group (P < 0.001). Thus, our study showed the pharmacokinetics of tolterodine and its active moiety was significantly different in relation to CYP2D6 genotype.
Ji-Yea Lee,Sung-Kwon Choi,Tae-Hoon Kwon,Kyung-Hwa Kang,Sang-Cheol Kim 대한치과교정학회 2019 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.49 No.6
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze three-dimensional (3D) changes in maxillary dentition in Class II malocclusion treatment using arch wire with continuous tip-back bends or compensating curve, together with intermaxillary elastics by superimposing 3D virtual models. Methods: The subjects were 20 patients (2 men and 18 women; mean age 20 years 7 months ± 3 years 9 months) with Class II malocclusion treated using 0.016 × 0.022- inch multiloop edgewise arch wire with continuous tip-back bends or titanium molybdenum alloy ideal arch wire with compensating curve, together with intermaxillary elastics. Linear and angular measurements were performed to investigate maxillary teeth displacement by superimposing pre- and posttreatment 3D virtual models using Rapidform 2006 and analyzing the results using paired t -tests. Results: There were posterior displacement of maxillary teeth (p < 0.01) with distal crown tipping of canine, second premolar and first molar (p < 0.05), expansion of maxillary arch (p < 0.05) with buccoversion of second premolar and first molar (p < 0.01), and distal-in rotation of first molar (p < 0.01). Reduced angular difference between anterior and posterior occlusal planes (p < 0.001), with extrusion of anterior teeth (p < 0.05) and intrusion of second premolar and first molar (p < 0.001) was observed. Conclusions: Class II treatment using an arch wire with continuous tip-back bends or a compensating curve, together with intermaxillary elastics, could retract and expand maxillary dentition, and reduce occlusal curvature. These results will help clinicians in understanding the mechanism of this Class II treatment.