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정의현,Yun Jeong Lee,Dong‑Hyun Kim,Pureum Kang,Chang Woo Lim,Chang‑Keun Cho,Choon‑Gon Jang,Seok‑Yong Lee,Jung‑Woo Bae 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.12
The aim of this study was to investigatethe effects of paroxetine, a potent inhibitor of CYP2D6, onthe pharmacokinetics of atomoxetine and its two metabolites,4-hydroxyatomoxetine and N-desmethylatomoxetine,in different CYP2D6 genotypes. Twenty-six healthy subjectswere recruited and divided into CYP2D6*wt/*wt (*wt=*1 or*2, n = 10), CYP2D6*wt/*10 (n = 9), and CYP2D6*10/*10groups (n = 7). In atomoxetine phase, all subjects receiveda single oral dose of atomoxetine (20 mg). In paroxetinephase, after administration of a single oral dose of paroxetine(20 mg) for six consecutive days, all subjects received a singleoral dose of atomoxetine with paroxetine. Plasma concentrationsof atomoxetine and its metabolites were determinedup to 24 h after dosing. During atomoxetine phase,there were significant differences in Cmax and AUC 0−24 ofatomoxetine and N-desmethylatomoxetine among three genotypegroups, whereas significant differences were not foundin relation to CYP2D6*10 allele after administration of paroxetine. AUC ratios of 4-hydroxyatomoxetine and N-desmethylatomoxetineto atomoxetine were significantly differentamong three genotype groups during atomoxetine phase (all, P < 0.001), but after paroxetine treatment significantdifferences were not found. After paroxetine treatment, AUC0−24 of atomoxetine was increased by 2.3-, 1.7-, and 1.3-fold,in CYP2D6*wt/*wt, CYP2D6*wt/*10, and CYP2D6*10/*10groups in comparison to atomoxetine phase, respectively. AUC ratio of 4-hydroxyatomoxetine to atomoxetine in eachgroup was significantly decreased, whereas AUC ratio ofN-desmethylatomoxetine to atomoxetine significantlyincreased after administration of paroxetine. In conclusion,paroxetine coadministration significantly affected pharmacokineticparameters of atomoxetine and its two metabolites,4-hydroxyatomoxetine and N-desmethylatomoxetine. Whenatomoxetine was administered alone, Cmax, AUC 0-24 andCL/F of atomoxetine were significantly different among thethree CYP2D6 genotype groups. However, after paroxetinecoadministration, no significant differences in these pharmacokineticparameters were observed among the CYP2D6genotype groups.
Relationship between plasma exposure of zolpidem and CYP2D6 genotype in healthy Korean subjects
정의현,Choong‑Min Lee,Ji‑Yeong Byeon,Hyo‑Bin Shin,Kyung‑Yul Oh,Chang‑Keun Cho,Chang Woo Lim,Choon‑Gon Jang,Seok‑Yong Lee,Yun Jeong Lee 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.9
Zolpidem, a widely prescribed hypnotic agent,is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4,and CYP2C9, CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 are also involved inthe metabolism of zolpidem. The aim of the study was toinvestigate the effects of CYP2D6 genotypes on the exposureof zolpidem. The healthy male volunteers were divided intothree different genotype groups (CYP2D6*wt/*wt [*wt = *1or *2], CYP2D6*wt/*10, and CYP2D6*10/*10). Each subjectreceived a single oral dose of zolpidem 5 mg with orwithout a steady-state concentration of clarithromycin (apotent inhibitor of CYP3A4), and plasma concentrations ofzolpidem were measured up to 12 h after zolpidem dosingby using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometrymethod. When zolpidem was administered alone, theexposure of zolpidem (the total areas under the curve andthe mean peak plasma concentrations) was not significantlydifferent among three different genotype groups. Even withthe steady-state concentration of clarithromycin, a potentCYP3A4 inhibitor, there were no significant differences inthe exposure of zolpidem in relation to CYP2D6 genotypes.
무선 센서 네트워크상에서 센서간의 밀도를 고려한 클러스터 헤드 선정 알고리즘
정의현,이성호,박용진,황호영,허문행,Jung, Eui-Hyun,Lee, Sung-Ho,Park, Yong-Jin,Hwang, Ho-Young,Hur, Moon-Haeng 한국정보처리학회 2006 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.13 No.6
센서 기술의 발전으로 무선 센서 네트워크는 빠르게 발전하고 있으며, 다양한 분야의 적용이 예상되고 있다. 무선 센서 네트워크에서 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나는 네트워크를 에너지 효율적으로 운용하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 위해 에너지 효율적인 라우팅 프로토콜에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 LEACH-C에서 제안한 클러스터 헤드 선정 알고리즘에 노드들의 밀도를 같이 고려한 향상된 클러스터 헤드 선정 알고리즘을 제안하고 시뮬레이션 하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 LEACH-C와 실행 속도는 거의 유사하면서 11% 이상의 성능 향상 결과를 제공하였다. 본 논문의 시뮬레이션 결과는 클러스터 헤드 선정 시에 헤드와 다른 노드들 간의 거리 뿐 아니라 밀도를 고려하는 것이 센서네트워크의 에너지 이용에 보다 효율적임을 보여주었다. Due to the continuous development of sensor technology, Wireless Sensor Networks are rapidly growing and are expected to be applied to various applications. One of the most important factors in Wireless Sensor Networks is energy-efficient management of network resources. For this purpose, a lot of researches have been ongoing in the development of energy-efficient routing protocol. In this paper, a cluster head selection algorithm considering node density in addition to the cluster head selection algorithm of LEACH-C is proposed and simulated. This algorithm gives nearly the same computational speed compared to that of LEACH-C and shows improvement of network lifetime about 11% better than LEACH-C. The simulation result shows that consideration of density as well as distance between nodes in cluster head selection can be more energy-efficient than considering only the distance between nodes as LEACH-C in energy usage of Wireless Sensor Networks.
정의현 한국통신학회 2014 정보와 통신 Vol.31 No.7
최근 사물 인터넷(Internet of Things)에 대한 관심은 가히 폭발적이라 할 수 있으며 주변의 모든 사물들이 연결되어 다양한 서비스를 제공하는 초연결 사회(Hyper Connected Society)에 대한 기대감이 어느 때보다 커지고 있다. 이러한 사물 인터넷을 활성화하기 위해서는 다양한 사물의 개발이 선행되어야 하는데 오픈소스 하드웨어를 이용하여 손쉽게 아이디어를 실현화할 수 있는 ICT DIY(Do It Yourself)는 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 ICT DIY로 개발된 디바이스가 인터넷이나 모바일 서비스와 연결되지 못하면 취미 이상으로 발전하기 어려우며, 이러한 상황을 극복하기 위해서는 다양한 IoT 플랫폼과의 연동이 필수적이다. 본 고에서는 현재까지 제안된 대표적인 IoT 플랫폼을 전용(proprietary) 플랫폼과 개방형(open) 플랫폼으로 구분하여 각각의 사례와 특장점을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 ICT DIY 개발이 단지 취미에 머물지 않고, 사물 인터넷의 중요한 접근 방안으로 인정받기 위해 IoT 플랫폼 기술을 어떻게 활용해야 하는지 살피고 향후 국내의 사물 인터넷 산업을 발전시켜 나갈 방안을 모색하고자 한다.
정의현,염동준,김준상,김영석 한국건설관리학회 2021 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.3
Estimated construction cost is an important index to secure an optimal budget which needs to go into construction projects in the previous of basic design phase. In order for public institutions to calculate the estimated construction cost, the cost per unit area of public buildings is used. However, the current calculation method of the estimated construction cost in public buildings is impossible to reflect the characteristics of many facilities and combinations. The purpose of this study is to develop an estimation model in the previous of basic design phase for the elementary, middle and high school facilities. it is expected that it is possible to estimate the construction cost of the elementary, middle and high schools in a reasonable and reliable manner through the estimation model developed in this study.