Relationship between organizational political Variables and Power and Influnces Tactics of HRD Professionals

Bai-Yin Yang,이용환,Ji-Young Han 한국직업교육학회 2005 職業 敎育 硏究 Vol.24 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 우리나라의 HRD 전문가들에 의해 이용되는 조직적 책략 변수와 힘과 영향력 전략 사이의 관계를 알아보는 것이다. 지금까지 HRD, T&D, OD 과정사이에 몇가지 변수가 있기도 했지만 이 과정은 선형적이고 논리적 절차에 의해 이루어졌다. 하지만 최근의 연구 동향은 교육과 훈련 활동에 있어 조직적 책략의 영향력에 관한 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. Yang과 그의 동료들은(1998, 2001) 힘과 영향력 전략 척도(POINTS)라고 불리우는 도구를 개발하였는데, 이 도구는 프로그램 개발 과정에서 프로그램 계획 행동을 측정하는 것이다. 즉, 교육과 훈련 프로그램을 개발하는 것은 사회적 정치적 과정이고 힘은 이러한 전문가들의 실제를 이해하는데 있어 핵심이 되는 요소라는 것을 가정하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있지만 북아메리카에서 개발된 이와 같은 이론적 틀이 다른 문화적 맥락에 적용 가능한 것인지에 대한 연구는 거의 없다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 우리나라의 HRD 전문가들이 프로그램을 개발하는데 있어 힘과 영향력 전략을 어떻게 이용하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 구체적인 연구 목표는 다음과 같다. 즉, 첫째, POINTS의 우리나라 버전은 프로그램 개발에서 이용되는 전략들간에 내적 일치도라는 측면에서 신뢰로운 도구인가? 둘째, 힘과 영향력 전략의 7가지 차원의 틀이 우리나라 맥락에 적용가능한 것인가? 셋째, HRD 전문가의 프로그램 개발 행동과 조직적 책략 변수 사이에 의미있는 관계가 있는가? 이 연구를 수행하기 위해 Baiyin Yang(1996)에 의해 개발된 Power and Influence Tactics Scale(POINTS)를 연구자 중 한 명이 한국어로 번역하였다. 이를 양국어가 유창한 HRD 전문가가 영어로 다시 번역하였다. 이와 같이 번역된 영어 버전과 한글 버전, 그리고 원 도구의 영어 버전이 영어와 한국어를 동시에 할 수 있는 7명의 HRD 전문가들에 의해 번역이 잘 이루어졌는지 타당도가 검증되었다. 이와 같은 과정을 거쳐 한글판 검사도구를 수정 보완하고 예비조사를 거쳐 240명의 HRD 분야의 프로그램 계획 경험이 있는 전문가들을 대상으로 하여 조사연구를 실시하였다. 조사 대상자는 기업, 대학의 평생교육 센터, 공공 기관의 HRD 프로그램 계획 경험이 있는 전문가들이었다. POINT의 한글판의 요인 구조와 차원을 결정짓기 위해 확인적 요인분석(Confirmatory factor analysis)을 실시하였고 이를 위해 LISREL 8 통계 프로그램을 사용하였다. 또한 조직적 책략 변수와 프로그램 개발 행동간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 상관 분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심리측정학적인 분석 결과 POINTS의 한글 버전은 신뢰도와 타당도 면에서 우수한 것으로 입증되었다( .69). 둘째, 프로그램 개발 상황에서 Yang(1996)이 제한한 힘과 영향력 전략을 구성하는 7가지 차원은 우리나라 맥락에 적용함에 있어 무리가 없는 것으로 입증되었다. 셋째, 조직적 책략 변수를 프로그램 개발 행동과 상당히 밀접하게 연관되어 있다고 결론지을 수 있다.

운반시간 지연에 의해 저하된 레미콘의 성능회복에 관한 기초적 연구

전충근,文學龍,황인성,양성환,한천구 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

In this paper, availability of deteriorated remicon due to delaying delivery time is discussed. According to test results, fluidity and air content of plain concrete exhibited a tendency to decline with a elapse of time. After 90 minutes since mixed, use of superplasticizer and AE admixture resulted in an increase in fluidity and air content. Adequate dosage of superplasticizer and AE adimixture is found to add with 0.4% and 0.002% respectively to restore the level of original slump and air content from loss one. Setting time of concrete exhibited an acceleration with an increase in leaving time of concrete. Compressive strength of plain concrete is enhanced with and increase of leaving time of concrete. Therefore, it is found that the use of superplasticizer with 0.4% and AE admixture with 0.002% has a desirable effect on restoring the deteriorated quality of concrete related to fluidity, air content and setting time without strength loss caused by delivery time delaying.

한국과 중국의 양금기보법 비교연구: 개량양금 기술표현체계 개발을 전제로

윤은화 ( Yin Hua Yin ),양미지 ( Mi Ji Yang ) 세계음악학회 2015 음악과 문화 Vol.32 No.-

The Yang geum mentioned Guracheolsahyeongeum (歐邏鐵絃琴) by Yeonam Park, Ji-won in Western Yang guem. Originally,Yang geum was a sort of Dulcimer. It has been translated and spread to the world under the names such as Tympanon, Harkvert, Cembalo and Yangqin. Actually new traditional music composition skills in Korea are represented and required in several ways through the Modernized Yang Geum, but the real state of a study on sign system of the modernized Yang Geum`` new performing technique is poor. Accordingly, this study was made to develop a newly improved Yang Geum``s performing technique sign system by searching the existing Chinese Yangqin, Korean Traditional Yang Geum and Modernized Yang Geum``s performing technique sign systems. Yang Geum has been actively played, studied and improved as a folk musical instrument of the world, while the Korean Yang Geum research has continued to have little on traditional music. The Korean Traditional Yang Geum is dominated mainly by one-handed technique, whose tune is frequently changed by environment. And popular acceptance is poor due to the limit of the instrument noisy tuning. As a result, China``s Modernized Yang Geum Performing Technique Sign has been systematically studied for a long time and organized and mentioned on the first top part of any manual. This notated a special technique playing in commonly used sign when playing the Modernized Yang Geum Performing that led to the correct Modernized Yang Geum performing expression. First, the Chinese Modernized Yang Geum is composed by staff notation and number notation, and the correct technique training is good by the notation system of performing technique. Second, the Korean Traditional Yang Geum is composed by staff notation(except jungganbo), and the notation sign system ofjungganbo was used by the notation sign system of performing technique when having reverse score of staff notation. Third, Korea``s 18strings Modernized Yang Geum improved the musical instrument by magnifying the register of the Korean Traditional Yang Geum and the notation system was notated by the staff notation of the West. The notation sign systems of performing technique includes left hand slapping · Zither Stick · vibrato · rolling the stick · One-time pushing · twice pushing · pushing from the bottom sound · glissando · grace note · continuation technique · chord technique · barrier slapping technique · left-hand technique · right-hand technique · arpeggio · banchegui technique · staccato · tremolo · two voice tremolo · vibrato · mute technique. However, several performing techniques by composers are reported cause chaos, and even the same performing notation is differently indicated to have poor precision shown. Fourth, Korea``s 43strings Modernized Yang Geum is a musical instrument improved by the North Korea``s Yang Geum with all techniques of the existing instrument 18strings Modernized Yang Geum accepted that led not only to Korean music but to several musics. This allowed the suspension of the existing 18strings Improved Yang Geum to be expanded, the traditionality and merits of the existing Modernized Yang Geum to be preserved by improving the musical instruments such as pedaling, the new Modernized Yang Geum performing technique to be expanded according the demand of a new era, and several technique expressions to be progressively presented. As a result, the Korean Modernized Yang Geum``s new performing technique sign systempresented the pedal, Goejo rate, performing technique of two stick, semitone technique expression system by expanding the existing Modernized Yang Geum performing technique except the rolling the stick, arpeggio, tremolo, vibrato. Like this, 43strings Modernized Yang Geum is the musical instrument improved to play several musics not only of the existing 18strings Modernized Yang Geum performing techniques but also new traditional music, which seems to be the beginning to raise importance of the future new traditional music Yang Geum``simportance used.

Two New Species of Placolecis (Lichenized Ascomycota) from China

( An Cheng Yin ),( Xin Yu Wang ),( Dong Liu ),( Yan Yun Zhang ),( Mei Xia Yang ),( Li Juan Li ),( Li Song Wang ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.4

Two new species of the lichen genus Placolecis are discovered in China, namely P. kunmingensis An. C. Yin & Li S. Wang and P. sublaevis An. C. Yin & Li S. Wang. The new combination P. loekoesiana (S.Y. Kondr., Farkas, J.J. Woo & Hur) An. C. Yin is proposed. Placolecis kunmingensis is characterized by having simple, spherical or ellipsoid, hyaline spores, and pear-shaped pycnidia; while P. sublaevis can be distinguished by its thallus forming larger aggregations with slightly flattened lobes at the thallus margin, and urn-shaped pycnidia. Descriptions, a phylogenetic tree and a key are provided for all the known Placolecis species in China.

Effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after oral administration

Yin Bin Chen,Yu Fang Wang,Wei Hou,Ying-Ping Wang,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yang Yang Fu,Jia Wang,Si Wen Zheng,Pei-He Zheng 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Both ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins are widely used as nutritional supplements. They are often taken together so as to fully utilize their antifatigue and refreshing effects, respectively. Whether actually a drugenutrient interaction exists between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins is still unknown. The objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after their oral administration. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the combined utilization of ginseng and B-complex vitamins. Methods: Ginsenoside Re with or without B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice to evaluate its antifatigue effects and to rats to evaluate its bioavailability. The antifatigue activity was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters, including hepatic glycogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and blood lactic acid. The concentration of ginsenoside Re in plasma was determined by liquid chromatographyetandem mass spectrometry. Results: No antifatigue effect of ginsenoside Re was noted when ginsenoside Re in combination with Bcomplex vitamins was orally administered to mice. B-complex vitamins caused to a reduction in the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re with the area under the concentrationetime curve from zero to infinity markedly decreasing from 11,830.85 2,366.47 h$ng/mL to 890.55 372.94 h$ng/mL. Conclusion: The results suggested that there were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drugenutrient interactions between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins can significantly weaken the antifatigue effect and decrease the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re when simultaneously administered orally.

RPTOR methylation in the peripheral blood and breast cancer in the Chinese population

Yin Yifei,Lei Shuifang,Li Lixi,Yang Xiaoqin,Yin Qiming,Xu Tian,Zhou Wenjie,Li Hong,Gu Wanjian,Ma Fei,Yang Rongxi,Zhang Zhengdong 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.4

Background: Altered regulatory-associated protein of mTOR, complex 1 (RPTOR) methylation levels in peripheral blood was originally discovered as breast cancer (BC)-associated risk factor in Caucasians. Objective: To explore the relationship between RPTOR methylation and BC in the Chinese population, we conducted two independent case-control studies. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from a total of 333 sporadic BC cases and 378 healthy female controls for the DNA extraction and bisulfite-specific PCR amplification. Mass spectrometry was applied to quantitatively measure the levels of methylation. The logistic regression, Spearman's rank correlation, and Non-parametric tests were used for the statistical analyses. Results: In our study, we found an association between BC and RPTOR_CpG_4 hypomethylation in the general population (per-10% of methylation, OR 1.29, P = 0.012), and a weak association between BC and RPTOR_CpG_8 hypomethylation in the women with older age (per-10% of methylation, OR 2.34, P = 0.006). We also identified age as a confounder for the change of RPTOR methylation patterns, especially at RPTOR_CpG_4, which represented differential methylation comparing age groups especially in the BC cases (age < 50 years vs age ≥ 50 years by Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.0001 for BC cases and P = 0.079 for controls). Conclusion: Our study validated the association between hypomethylation of RPTOR and BC risk in the Chinese population also with weak effect and mostly for postmenopausal women. In addition, our findings provided novel insight for the regulation of DNA methylation upon aging or the change of hormone levels.

Realgar transforming solution-induced differentiation of NB4 cell by the degradation of PML/RARa partially through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway

Yang Hai,Xin Wang,Peng Song,Jian-yin Li,Longhe Zhao,Fei Xie,Xiang-min Tan,Qin-Jian Xie,Lan Yu,Yang Li,Zhengrong Wu,Hong Yu Li 대한약학회 2019 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.42 No.8

PML/retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARa), as ahallmark of acute promyeloid leukemia (APL), is directlyrelated to the outcome of clinical APL remedy. It isreported that arsenicals can effectively degrade PML/RARa, such as arsenic trioxide and realgar. However, thehigh toxicity or insolubility have hampered their clinicalapplications. Realgar transforming solution (RTS) wasproduced from realgar by bioleaching process in our lab. Previous studies demonstrated that RTS had a significantanti-cancer ability on chronic myeloid leukemia throughoncoprotein degradation. The capacity of RTS on treatingAPL is what is focused on in this study. The results showedthat RTS had a noticeable sensitivity in NB4 cell, and RTSremarkably down-regulated PML/RARa expression andinduced cell differentiation. Further, RTS could accumulatePML/RARa into the nuclear bodies and then executedegradation, which could be reversed by proteasomeinhibitor MG132. The results also exhibited that thereduction of RTS-induced PML/RARa expression accompaniedby the elevation of ubiquitin and SUMO-1 proteinexpression. Finally, PML and SUMO-1 had been demonstratedto be co-localized after RTS treatment byimmunofluorescence co-localization assay and immunoprecipitationassay. In conclusion, these results suggestedthat RTS-induced cell differentiation may attribute to thePML/RARa degradation partially through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway.

Heteromerization of μ-opioid receptor and cholecystokinin B receptor through the third transmembrane domain of the μ-opioid receptor contributes to the anti-opioid effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide

Yin Yang,Qian Li,Qi-Hua He,Ji-Sheng Han,Li Su,You Wan 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Activation of the cholecystokinin type B receptor (CCKBR) by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) inhibits opioid analgesia. Chronic opiate treatment leads to an increase in the CCK-8 concentration and thus enhances the antagonism of CCK-8 against opioid analgesia; the underlying molecular mechanisms remain of great interest. In the present study, we validated the colocalization of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and CCKBR in pain signal transmissionrelated spinal cord dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion neurons of rats. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and fluorescence lifetime-imaging-microscopy-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) assays showed that MOR heteromerized with CCKBR directly in transfected HEK293 cells. Combined with MOR mutant construction, the third transmembrane domain of MOR (TM3MOR) was demonstrated to participate in heteromerization with CCKBR. Receptor ligand binding, ERK phosphorylation and cAMP assays showed that MOR heteromerization with CCKBR weakened the activity of MOR. A cell-penetrating interfering peptide consisting of TM3MOR and TAT (a transactivator of HIV-1) sequences from the N terminal to the C terminal disrupted the MOR–CCKBR interaction and restored the activity of MOR in transfected HEK293 cells. Furthermore, intrathecal application of the TM3MOR-TAT peptide alleviated CCK-8-injection-induced antagonism to morphine analgesia in rats. These results suggest a new molecular mechanism for CCK-8 antagonism to opioid analgesia in terms of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) interaction through direct heteromerization. Our study may provide a potential strategy for pain management with opioid analgesics.

A Study of Smartphone Based Disaster Information Reporting System under Disaster Environment

Yin Baoquan,Sun Ruizhi,Yang Hongjun 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.1

With the development of technology and communication network, smartphones are increasingly used in emergency platforms. Under disaster environment, however, the information reporting system may confronted with poor communication conditions or low phone battery. In this study we first defined two parameters: the communication signal and the battery status. Based on the definitions, we proposed an algorithm for smartphone based reporting system under disaster environment. With the guarantee that disasters can be reported promptly and accurately and based on the analysis of smartphone power consumption, the algorithm provides power saving mechanisms to obviously increase the system working time. At last, a smartphone based disaster information reporting system (MDIRS) is designed and applied in disaster environment.

JACOBI SPECTRAL GALERKIN METHODS FOR VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS WITH WEAKLY SINGULAR KERNEL

Yang, Yin Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회보 Vol.53 No.1

We propose and analyze spectral and pseudo-spectral Jacobi-Galerkin approaches for weakly singular Volterra integral equations (VIEs). We provide a rigorous error analysis for spectral and pseudo-spectral Jacobi-Galerkin methods, which show that the errors of the approximate solution decay exponentially in $L^{\infty}$ norm and weighted $L^2$-norm. The numerical examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results.