Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in keloid tissue

Yang, Chae-Eun,Moon, Seung Jin,Kim, Soo Jung,Lee, Ju Hee,Yun, Chae-Ok,Lew, Dae Hyun,Lee, Won Jai Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.6

Biosynthesis of polylactic acid and its copolymers using evolved propionate CoA transferase and PHA synthase

Yang, Taek Ho,Kim, Tae Wan,Kang, Hye Ok,Lee, Sang-Hyun,Lee, Eun Jeong,Lim, Sung-Chul,Oh, Sun Ok,Song, Ae-Jin,Park, Si Jae,Lee, Sang Yup Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol.105 No.1

<P>For the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) and its copolymers by one-step fermentation process, heterologous pathways involving Clostridium propionicum propionate CoA transferase (Pct<SUB>Cp</SUB>) and Pseudomonas sp. MBEL 6-19 polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase 1 (PhaC1<SUB>Ps6-19</SUB>) were introduced into Escherichia coli for the generation of lactyl-CoA endogenously and incorporation of lactyl-CoA into the polymer, respectively. Since the wild-type PhaC1<SUB>Ps6-19</SUB> did not efficiently accept lactyl-CoA as a substrate, site directed mutagenesis as well as saturation mutagenesis were performed to improve the enzyme. The wild-type Pct<SUB>Cp</SUB> was not able to efficiently convert lactate to lactyl-CoA and was found to exert inhibitory effect on cell growth, random mutagenesis by error-prone PCR was carried out. By employing engineered PhaC1<SUB>Ps6-19</SUB> and Pct<SUB>Cp</SUB>, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-lactate), P(3HB-co-LA), containing 20–49 mol% lactate could be produced up to 62 wt% from glucose and 3HB. By controlling the 3HB concentration in the medium, PLA homopolymer and P(3HB-co-LA) containing lactate as a major monomer unit could be synthesized. Also, P(3HB-co-LA) copolymers containing various lactate fractions could be produced from glucose alone by introducing the Cupriavidus necator β-ketothiolase and acetoacetyl-CoA reductase genes. Fed-batch cultures were performed to produce P(3HB-co-LA) copolymers having 9–64 mol% of lactate, and their molecular weights, thermal properties, and melt flow properties were determined. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010; 105: 150–160. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

Cleavage of molybdopterin synthase MoaD-MoaE linear fusion by JAMM/MPN⁺ domain containing metalloprotease DR0402 from <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i>

Yang, Yoon-Mo,Won, Young-Bin,Ji, Chang-Jun,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Ryu, Su-Hyun,Ok, Youn-Ha,Lee, Jin-Won Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.502 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Molybdenum cofactor (Moco), molybdopterin (MPT) complexed with molybdenum, is an essential cofactor required for the catalytic center of diverse enzymes in all domains of life. Since Moco cannot be taken up as a nutrient unlike many other cofactors, Moco requires <I>de novo</I> biosynthesis. During the synthesis of MPT, the sulfur atom on the C-terminus of MoaD is transferred to cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate (cPMP) which is bound in the substrate pocket of MoaE. MoaD is a ubiquitin-like (Ubl) protein and has a C-terminal di-Gly motif which is a common feature of Ubl proteins. Despite the importance of free C terminal di-Gly motif of MoaD as a sulfur carrier, some bacteria encode a fused MPT synthase in which MoaD- and MoaE-like domains are located on a single peptide. Although it has recently been reported that the fused MPT synthase MoaX from <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> is posttranslationally cleaved into functional MoaD and MoaE in <I>M. smegmatis</I>, the protease responsible for the cleavage of MoaD-MoaE fusion protein has remained unknown to date. Here we report that the JAMM/MPN<SUP>+</SUP> domain containing metalloprotease DR0402 (JAMM<SUB>DR</SUB>) from <I>Deinococcus radiodurans</I> can cleave the MoaD-MoaE fusion protein DR2607, the sole MPT synthase in <I>D. radiodurans</I>, generating the MoaD having a C-terminal di-Gly motif. Furthermore, JAMM<SUB>DR</SUB> can also cleave off the MoaD from MoaD-eGFP fusion protein suggesting that JAMM<SUB>DR</SUB> recognizes the MoaD region rather than MoaE region in the cleaving process of MoaD-MoaE fusion protein.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>D. radiodurans</I> encodes a fused MPT synthase, MoaD-MoaE fusion protein DR2607. </LI> <LI> JAMM/MPN<SUP>+</SUP> metalloprotease DR0402 (JAMM<SUB>DR</SUB>) can cleave the MoaD-MoaE fusion. </LI> <LI> JAMM<SUB>DR</SUB> recognizes the MoaD region in the cleavage process of MoaD-MoaE fusion. </LI> </UL> </P>

Meat Quality and Storage Characteristics of Pork Loin Marinated in Grape Pomace

Hyun-Joo Lee,Jae-Joon Lee,Myung-Ok Jung,Jung-Seok Choi,Ji-Taek Jung,Yang-Il Choi,Jin-Kyu Lee 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.5

This study investigated the meat quality and storage characteristics of pork loin marinated in grape pomace powder during different storage periods. The experimental design included six treatments : pork loin containing only 100% water (Control, C); pork loin containing a combination of 20% grape pomace and 80% water (T1); pork loin containing a combination of 40% grape pomace and 60% water (T2); pork loin containing a combination of 0.5% grape pomace powder and 95.5% water (T3); pork loin containing a combination of 1.0% grape pomace powder and 99.0% water (T4); and pork loin containing a combination of 2.0% grape pomace powder and 98.0% water (T5). The pork loins aged by grape pomace and grape pomace powder showed decreased crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, pH, redness, and yellowness values; however, their moisture, lightness, and shear force increased significantly. During cold storage, marination with grape pomace and grape pomace powder reduced the 2-thiobarbituric acid value, volatile basic nitrogen value, and total microbial count in pork loin. Thus, marination with grape pomace and grape pomace powder improved the meat quality and storage characteristics, and could be used to improve storage stability of pork loin.

Natural Products Related on Atopic Dermatitis

Hyun Ok Yang 한국원예학회 2023 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2023 No.10

Anti-inflammatory effect of salidroside on phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate plus A23187-mediated inflammation in HMC-1 cells

Yang, Da-Wun,Kang, Ok-Hwa,Lee, Young-Seob,Han, Sin-Hee,Lee, Sang-Won,Cha, Seon-Woo,Seo, Yun-Soo,Mun, Su-Hyun,Gong, Ryong,Shin, Dong-Won,Kwon, Dong-Yeul Spandidos Publications 2016 International journal of molecular medicine Vol.38 No.6

<P>Salidroside [2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (SAS)] has been identified as the most potent ingredient of the plant Rhodiola rosea L. Previous studies have demonstrated that it possesses a number of pharmacological properties, including anti-aging, anti-fatigue, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, to ascertain the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of SAS, we used phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187 to induce inflammation in human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1). The HMC-1 cells were treated with SAS prior to being stimulated with PMA plus A23187. Pro-inflammatory cytokine production was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot analysis was used to examine the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B). SAS inhibited the mRNA expression and production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In cells stimulated with PMA plus A23187, SAS suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and c-jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2), but not that of p38 MAPK. SAS suppressed the expression of NF-kappa B in the nucleus. On the whole, our results suggest that SAS exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through the blocking of the NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling pathways.</P>

Structural Model Analysis of Discriminatory Behavior Toward People With Severe Mental Illness

Yang Ok Kyung,Kim Sung-Wan,Hyun Jinhee,KiYeon Lee,Paik Jong-Woo,Yu-Ri Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.6

Objective This study aimed to determine how prejudice and attitude toward people with severe mental illness, formed through exposure to the mass media, affect discriminatory behavior toward them.Methods Between September and November 2019, demographic data were collected using an online survey of 622 adults residing in South Korea. The scales used in this study were taken from the 2008 survey by the National Human Rights Commission of Korea. Structural equation modeling was performed for a comparative analysis of the direct and indirect effects.Results Virtual experience through mass media exposure had a statistically significant effect on prejudice against people with severe mental illness. Direct experience had a positive influence on reducing prejudice and discriminatory behavior. The direct effects of prejudice on discriminatory behavior were significant. In terms of indirect effects, the full mediating effect of prejudice was significant for the virtual experience through the mass media-prejudice-discriminatory behavior path, and the partial mediating effect of prejudice was significant on the direct experience-prejudice-discrimination behavior path.Conclusion This study recommends more careful reporting of mental illness in the media, promoting anti-stigmatization programs that provide opportunities for direct contact between the public and people with severe mental illness.

The Gene Expression Profiling in Murine Cortical Cells Undergoing Programmed Cell Death (PCD) Induced by Serum Deprivation

Yang, Moon-Hee,Yoo, Kyung-Hyun,Yook, Yeon-Joo,Park, Eun-Young,Jeon, Jeong-Ok,Choi, Seo-Hee,Park, So-Young,Woo, Yu-Mi,Lee, Min-Joo,Park, Jong-Hoon Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.2

PCD (programmed cell death) is important mechanism for development, homeostasis and disease. To analyze the gene expression pattern in brain cells undergoing PCD in response to serum deprivation, we analyzed the cDNA microarray consisting of 2,300 genes and 7 housekeeping genes of cortical cells derived from mouse embryonic brain. Cortical cells were induced apoptosis by serum deprivation for 8 hours. We identified 69 up-regulated genes and 21 down-regulated genes in apoptotic cells. Based on the cDNA microarray data four genes were selected and analyzed by RT-PCR and northern blotting. To characterize the role of UNC-51-like kinase (ULK2) gene in PCD, we investigated cell death effect by ULK2. And we examined expression of several genes that related with PCD. Especially GAPDH was increased by ULK2. Theses findings indicated that ULK2 is involved in apoptosis through p53 pathway.

Implication of the Stereoisomers of Ginsenoside Derivatives in the Antiproliferative Effect of HSC-T6 Cells

Yang, Heejung,Yoo, Guijae,Kim, Hye Seong,Kim, Jeom Yong,Kim, Sun Ok,Yoo, Young Hyo,Sung, Sang Hyun American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.60 No.47

<P>Two ginsenoside derivatives (<B>9</B>, <B>10</B>) along with 10 known ginsenosides (<B>1</B>–<B>8</B>, <B>11</B>, and <B>12</B>) were isolated from BST204, which is a crude ginseng extract fermented by enzyme and acid hydrolysis. The two ginsenosides were determined as 12β,20(<I>S</I>),25-trihydroxydammara-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-glucopyranoside (<B>9</B>) and 12β,20(<I>R</I>),25-trihydroxydammara-3-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-glucopyranoside (<B>10</B>). Compounds <B>1</B>–<B>12</B> were categorized into stereoisomeric pairs differentiated by <I>R</I>- or <I>S</I>-configuration at C-20, the number or position of sugar residues at C-3 or C-6, and the type of derivative at C-21. Their structure–activity relationship was evaluated by the cell viability assay using HSC-T6 cells. Results showed that 20(<I>S</I>) (<B>3</B> > <B>4</B>, <B>7</B> > <B>8</B>, and <B>9</B> > <B>10</B>), a 2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl moiety at C-21 (<B>3</B>, <B>7</B> > <B>9</B>), and the number of sugar residues at C-3 (<B>3</B> > <B>7</B>) significantly affected the antiproliferative activity on HSC-T6 cells. The inhibition of the cell proliferation of compound <B>3</B> was assessed by annexin-V/PI staining analysis using flow cytometry.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2012/jafcau.2012.60.issue-47/jf303714c/production/images/medium/jf-2012-03714c_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf303714c'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Classification of Fermented Soybean Paste during Fermentation by ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis

YANG, Seung-Ok,KIM, Min-Su,LIU, Kwang-Hyun,AUH, Joong-Hyuck,KIM, Young-Suk,KWON, Dae Young,CHOI, Hyung-Kyoon Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2009 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.73 No.3

<P>Fermented soybean paste (doenjang, FSP) is a traditionally fermented Korean food produced by fermentation with various microorganisms that is known to exhibit various beneficial bioactivities. To investigate the changes in nonvolatile metabolites of FSP during fermentation, samples produced with six fermentation times were analyzed using an <SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)-based metabolomics technique. This revealed clear separation of 50% methanol extracts of the FSP samples with different fermentation times in the principal component plots by combining PC1 and PC2, which cumulatively accounted for 94.2% of the variance. Major compounds contributing to the separation of 50% methanol extracts of FSP with various fermentation times were isoleucine/leucine, lactate, alanine, acetic acid, glutamine, choline, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. In addition, the <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectra of chloroform extracts were separated mainly by a combination of PC1 and PC3, which accounted for 72.6% of the variance. The present study suggests the usefulness of a <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR-based metabolomics approach to discriminate FSP samples subjected to different fermentation times, and this is the first report regarding metabolomic profiling of FSP.</P>