Enzyme-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis and its stability and antioxidant activity

Xiaoyan Zhao,Xiaowei Zhang,Hongkai Liu,Haitao Zhu,Yunping Zhu 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6

The release of bioactive pigments could bepotentially improved by enzyme degradation of plant cellwall polysaccharides. In this study, the objective was toevaluate enzyme type (cellulase and pectinase), pH values,hydrolysis temperature and time on the release of astaxanthinfrom Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis). Theresults showed that pre-treated H. pluvialis with enzymescould improve the separation yield of astaxanthin. Pectinaserelease rate of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis wassignificantly higher than cellulase (p\0.05), and enzymehydrolysis time was also shorter. The stability study ofastaxanthin oleoresin and microcapsule during storage atdifferent temperature, oxygen and illumination was foundthat the degradation rate of astaxanthin rose with increasingtemperature and illumination time, and the retention inoxygen environment decreased. The stability of astaxanthinmicrocapsules was better than astaxanthin oleoresin.

Improved Fluorescence of Fluorene Polymer in Solid State

Xiaoyan Zhao,Shuai Zhang,Chen Huang,Chenyi Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.10

Fluorene-containing poly(aryl ether nitrile) (FPAN) was prepared by a typically aromatic nucleophilic substitutionpolymerization. The chemical structure of FPAN was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Different morphologiesof FPAN fibers could obtain through electrospinning. The light-emission properties of polymer in solution, casting film andfibrous membrane were examined by spectrofluorometry. This polymer had good thermal properties with glass-transitiontemperatures at 280 oC and 10 % weight loss temperatures in the range of 497-502 oC. Additionally, the contact angles in thethin-film state and electrospun fiber membranes were examined. The water contact angle of fiber membrane was improvedcompared to that of casting film which could reach to the 137 o. The resulting material exhibited stable luminescent intensity,possessed considerable thermal stability, and could be facilely processed into device for optical field applications.

The Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Pathological Response for Resectable Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined with PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitors

Xiaoyan Sun,Yingnan Feng,Bin Zhang,Wuhao Huang,Xiaoliang Zhao,Hua Zhang,Dongsheng Yue,Changli Wang 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.4

Purpose The aim of our study was to investigate the value of baseline and preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the pathological response and disease-free survival (DFS) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone or combined with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors in patients with resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods Resectable NSCLC patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone or combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors between January 2018 and January 2020 were included. Peripheral venous blood samples of the patients were collected within 3 days prior to the first neoadjuvant treatment and within 3 days prior to surgery. Results A total of 79 patients in neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors group and 89 patients in neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone group were included. Thirty-five point four percent of the patients achieved pathological complete response (pCR) in neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors group, whereas only 9.0% reached pCR in the group of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. High NLR level were correlated with poor pathological response and DFS in neoadjuvant chemotherapy or combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors group. Multivariate analysis revealed that baseline NLR could independently predict pathological response and DFS in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors group. Conclusion High NLR level were correlated with poor pathological response and shorter DFS in patients with NSCLC undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy or combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors. Meanwhile, baseline NLR could independently predict response to pathological response and DFS, revealing its potential as a screening tool in NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors.

The Second-order Scattering of the Interaction of Pd Nanoparticles with Protein and Its Analytical Application

Xiaoyan Guo,Baolin He,Chuntao Sun,Yanxi Zhao,Tao Huang*,Kongyong Liew,Hanfan Liu 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.10

The second-order scattering (SOS) phenomenon of the interaction of Pd nanoparticles with protein was reported and a simple, sensitive, palladium nanoparticle-based assay for trace amount of protein with SOS technique was developed. The SOS intensities were significantly enhanced due to the interaction of Pd nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA) at pH 3.5 or 4.0, respectively. The maximum SOS peak appeared at 260/520 nm (lex/lem). The optimal experiment conditions, affecting factors and the influence of some coexisting substances were checked. The SOS intensity increased proportionally with the increase of Pd concentration below 3.0?´?10-5 molL-1, while declined gradually above 4.0 ´ 10-5 molL-1. BSA within the range of 0.01-2.6 mgmL-1 and HSA of 0.01-1.7 mgmL-1 can be detected with this method and the detection limits were 2.3 and 11.2 ngmL-1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the quantitative detection of total protein content in human serum samples with the maximum relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 2.6% and the recoveries over the range of 99.5-100.5%.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Cynanchum thesioides Under Drought Stress Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Succinic Acid Biosynthesis

Xiaoyan Zhang,Fenglan Zhang,Zhi Li,Zhongren Yang,Lizhen Hao,Hongyu Zhao 한국식물학회 2023 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.66 No.3

Cynanchum thesioides, a member of the Asclepiadaceae family, are plants that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine and their latex contains succinic acid which has an important medicinal value. To identify candidate genes involved in succinic acid biosynthesis and accumulation, we analyzed transcriptome data from C. thesioides under drought stress using Illumina sequencing technology. A total of 146 and 172 unique genes were annotated as encoding enzymes involved in the succinic acid biosynthesis of C. thesioides and C. thesioides var. australe and the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was 40 and 32, respectively. As drought stress increased, nine genes were significantly up-regulated and seven genes were significantly down-regulated in C. thesioides. In C. thesioides var. australe seven genes were up-regulated and nine were down-regulated. Enzymes participating in succinic acid biosynthesis were ATP citrate (pro-S)-lyase, succinate dehydrogenase, aconitate hydratase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, glutamate synthase, fumarate hydratase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, and glutamate decarboxylase and their activities relating to succinic acid synthesis were determined. RNA-seq sequencing was used in our study. The genes involved in biosynthesis and accumulation of succinic acid in C. thesioides were predicted. Succinic acid content was positively correlated with MDH (BMK_Unigene_033366), but negatively correlated with GAD (BMK_Unigene_096180 and BMK_Unigene_030468), SDH (BMK_Unigene_142841). These results provide an important resource for further research on succinic acid of C. thesioides and other homologous species.

An MRTF-A–ZEB1–IRF9 axis contributes to fibroblast–myofibroblast transition and renal fibrosis

Zhao Qianwen,Shao Tinghui,Zhu Yuwen,Zong Gengjie,Zhang Junjie,Tang Shifan,Lin Yanshan,Ma Hongzhen,Jiang Zhifan,Xu Yong,Wu Xiaoyan,Zhang Tao 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Myofibroblasts, characterized by the expression of the matricellular protein periostin (Postn), mediate the profibrogenic response during tissue repair and remodeling. Previous studies have demonstrated that systemic deficiency in myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) attenuates renal fibrosis in mice. In the present study, we investigated the myofibroblast-specific role of MRTF-A in renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism. We report that myofibroblast-specific deletion of MRTF-A, achieved through crossbreeding Mrtfa-flox mice with Postn-CreERT2 mice, led to amelioration of renal fibrosis. RNA-seq identified zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1 (Zeb1) as a downstream target of MRTF-A in renal fibroblasts. MRTF-A interacts with TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) to bind to the Zeb1 promoter and activate Zeb1 transcription. Zeb1 knockdown retarded the fibroblast–myofibroblast transition (FMyT) in vitro and dampened renal fibrosis in mice. Transcriptomic assays showed that Zeb1 might contribute to FMyT by repressing the transcription of interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9). IRF9 knockdown overcame the effect of Zeb1 depletion and promoted FMyT, whereas IRF9 overexpression antagonized TGF-β-induced FMyT. In conclusion, our data unveil a novel MRTF-A–Zeb1–IRF9 axis that can potentially contribute to fibroblast–myofibroblast transition and renal fibrosis. Screening for small-molecule compounds that target this axis may yield therapeutic options for the mollification of renal fibrosis.

The Second-order Scattering of the Interaction of Pd Nanoparticles with Protein and Its Analytical Application

Guo, Xiaoyan,He, Baolin,Sun, Chuntao,Zhao, Yanxi,Huang, Tao,Liew, Kongyong,Liu, Hanfan Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.10

The second-order scattering (SOS) phenomenon of the interaction of Pd nanoparticles with protein was reported and a simple, sensitive, palladium nanoparticle-based assay for trace amount of protein with SOS technique was developed. The SOS intensities were significantly enhanced due to the interaction of Pd nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA) at pH 3.5 or 4.0, respectively. The maximum SOS peak appeared at 260/520 nm (λex/λem). The optimal experiment conditions, affecting factors and the influence of some coexisting substances were checked. The SOS intensity increased proportionally with the increase of Pd concentration below 3.0 × 10?5 mol·L?1, while declined gradually above 4.0 × 10?5 mol·L?1. BSA within the range of 0.01-2.6 μg·mL?1 and HSA of 0.01-1.7 μg·mL?1 can be detected with this method and the detection limits were 2.3 and 11.2 ng·mL?1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the quantitative detection of total protein content in human serum samples with the maximum relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 2.6% and the recoveries over the range of 99.5-100.5%.

Grinding Damage of BK7 using Copper-Resin Bond Coarse-Grained Diamond Wheel

Qingliang Zhao,Junyun Chen,Haitao Huang,Xiaoyan Fang 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Coarse-grained wheels can realize high efficient grinding of optical glass. However, the serious surface and subsurface damage will be inevitably introduced by the coarse-grained wheels. In this paper, the grinding damage of a copper-resin bond coarse-grained diamond wheel with grain size of 150μm was investigated on optical glass BK7. The wheel was first properly trued with a metal bond diamond wheel, then pre-dressing for the wheel and grinding experiments are carried out on a precision grinder assisted with electrolytic in process dressing (ELID) method. The surface roughness (Ra) of ground surface was measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM) and the surface topography were imaged by a white light interferometer (WLI) and the AFM. The subsurface damage level of ground surface was evaluated by means of both MRF spot method and taper polishing-etching method, in term of the biggest depth of subsurface damage, distribution of micro defects beneath the ground surface, the cluster depth of subsurface damage, relationship between subsurface damage (SSD)and PV surface roughness (SR), propagating distance and pattern of cracks beneath the ground surface. Experimental results indicate that a well conditioned copper-resin bond coarse-grained diamond wheel on a precision grinder can generate good surface quality of Ra less than 50nm and good subsurface integrity with SSD depth less than 3.5μm for optical glass BK7.

Expression of fox-related genes in the skin follicles of Inner Mongolia cashmere goat

Wenjing Han,Xiaoyan Li,Lele Wang,Honghao Wang,Kun Yang,Zhixin Wang,Ruijun Wang,Rui Su,Zhihong Liu,Yanhong Zhao,Yanjun Zhang,Jinquan Li 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.3

Objective: This study investigated the expression of genes in cashmere goats at different periods of their fetal development. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was used to evaluate data obtained by transcriptome sequencing of fetus skin samples collected from Inner Mongolia cashmere goats on days 45, 55, and 65 of fetal age. Results: We found that FoxN1, FoxE1, and FoxI3 genes of the Fox gene family were probably involved in the growth and development of the follicle and the formation of hair, which is consistent with previous findings. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detecting system and Western blot analysis were employed to study the relative differentially expressed genes FoxN1, FoxE1, and FoxI3 in the body skin of cashmere goat fetuses and adult individuals. Conclusion: This study provided new fundamental information for further investigation of the genes related to follicle development and exploration of their roles in hair follicle initiation, growth, and development.

Tourism Distribution Centre

Xu Jufeng,Zhao Xiaoyan 세계문화관광학회 2009 Conference Proceedings Vol.10 No.0

In the development of the city at all levels in China, a fast transport system has not yet built integrity in the outer suburban district. The rapid development of tourism, a huge urban population and tourist on the urban infrastructure and tourism services system form a great challenge. In order to solve the problem of FIT (Freed Individual Tourist) traveling in China's large cities, Shanghai first established "Shanghai Tour Bus Center "model, which has now been proved to be applicable to China's current system of large cities, consistent with their tourism development needs. Some other cities have followed up to build" tourism distribution centre", but a careful comparison showed that there are still large differences in the system and operation mechanism in these "tourism distribution centre," although the name is the same. There are also different in the actual operation effects. We analyze and compare the similarities and differences among Shanghai, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Beijing and several other cities of tourism distribution centre in the structure, mechanism & operation effect, and explore the essence of tourism distribution centre characteristics and mechanism.