Influence of host plants on the development, survivorship, and fecundity of the summer fruit tortrix moth, Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Li Guang‐wei,Wang Hui‐min,Yang Wen‐tao,Chen Xiu‐lin,Li Bo‐liao,Chen Yu‐xin 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10

The summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana is a seriously damaged leaf roller pest for fruit trees. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five host plants (apple, Malus domestica B.; peach, Prunus persica var. nectarina; apricot, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; mulberry, Morus alba L.; and jujube, Ziziphus jujuba M.) on the development, survival, and fecundity of A. orana under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the development times of A. orana on jujube were significantly longer than those on the other four plants. The preimaginal survival rate was influenced by the host plants, which were fed during the larval stage, and with the highest on peach, followed by apple, apricot, and mulberry, and with the lowest on jujube. Adult females from larvae reared on apricot laid the greatest numbers of eggs (318.11 eggs per female), while that on apple, jujube, and mulberry was smaller, and no significant difference was observed among them. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed on peach and apricot; these two fruit trees were considered to be the most suitable host plant for A. orana because of the shorter developmental duration, higher survival rate, and the highest fecundity.

Risk of Treatment-related Mortality with Sorafenib in Patients with Cancer

Zhang, Xin-Ji,Zhang, Tian-Yi,Yu, Fei-Fei,Wei, Xin,Li, Ye-Sheng,Xu, Feng,Wei, Li-Xin,He, Jia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: Fatal adverse events (FAEs) have been reported with sorafenib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor kinase inhibitor (VEGFR TKI). We here performed an up-to-date and detailed meta-analysis to determine the overall risk of FAEs associated with sorafenib. Methods: Databases, including PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings were searched to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials evaluating sorafenib effects in patients with all malignancies. Summary incidence rates, relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for FAEs. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed according to tumor type and therapy regimen. Results: 13 trials recruiting 5,546 patients were included in our analysis. The overall incidence of FAEs with sorafenib was 1.99% (95%CI, 0.98-4.02%). Patients treated with sorafenib had a significantly increased risk of FAEs compared with patients treated with control medication, with an RR of 1.77 (95%CI 1.25-2.52, P=0.001). Risk varied with tumour type, but appeared independent of therapy regimen. A significantly increased risk of FAEs was observed in patients with lung cancer (RR 2.26; 95% CI 1.03-4.99; P= 0.043) and renal cancer (RR 1.84; 95% CI 1.15-2.94; P= 0.011). The most common causes of FAEs were hemorrhage (8.6%) and thrombus or embolism (4.9%). Conclusions: It is important for health care practitioners to be aware of the risks of FAEs associated with sorafenib, especially in patients with renal and lung cancer.

The K+/H+ antiporter AhNHX1 improved tobacco tolerance to NaCl stress by enhancing K+ retention

Wei-Wei Zhang,Jing-Jing Meng,Jin-Yi Xing,Sha Yang,Feng Guo,Xin-Guo Li,Shu-Bo Wan 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.3

High salinity is the one of important factors limiting plant growth and crop production. Many NHX-type antiporters have been reported to catalyze K+/H+ exchange to mediate salt stress. This study shows that an NHX gene from Arachis hypogaea L. has an important role in K+ uptake and transport, which affects K+ accumulation and plant salt tolerance. When overexpressing AhNHX1, the growth of tobacco seedlings is improved with longer roots and a higher fresh weight than the wild type (WT) under NaCl treatment. Meanwhile, when exposed to NaCl stress, the transgenic seedlings had higher K+/H+ antiporter activity and their roots got more K+ uptake. NaCl stress could induce higher K+ accumulation in the roots, stems, and leaves of transgenic tobacco seedlings but not Na+ accumulation, thus, leading to a higher K+/Na+ ratio in the transgenic seedlings. Additionally, the AKT1, HAK1, SKOR, and KEA genes, which are involved in K+ uptake or transport, were induced by NaCl stress and kept higher expression levels in transgenic seedlings than in WT seedlings. The H+-ATPase and H+-PPase activities were also higher in transgenic seedlings than in the WT seedlings under NaCl stress. Simultaneously, overexpression of AhNHX1 increased the relative distribution of K+ in the aerial parts of the seedlings under NaCl stress. These results showed that AhNHX1 catalyzed the K+/H+ antiporter and enhanced tobacco tolerance to salt stress by increasing K+ uptake and transport.

Antifungal Activity of Lichen-forming Fungi against Colletotrichum acutatum on Hot Pepper

Xinli Wei,Hae-Sook Jeon,Keon Seon Han,고영진,허재선 한국식물병리학회 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2

Antifungal activity of Korean and Chinese lichen-forming fungi (LFF) was evaluated against plant pathogenic fungus of Colletotrichum acutatum, causal agent of anthracnose on hot pepper. This is the first attempt to evaluate antifungal activity of LFF, instead of lichen thalli, against C. acutatum. Total 100 LFF were isolated from the lichens with discharged spore method or tissue culture method. Among the 100 isolates, 8 LFF showed more than 50% of inhibition rates of mycelial growth of the target pathogen. Especially, Lecanora argentata was highly effective in inhibition of mycelial growth of C. accutatum at the rate of 68%. Antifungal activity of other LFF was in the order of Cetrelia japonica (61.4%), Ramalina conduplicans (59.5%), Umbilicaria esculenta (59.5%), Ramalina litoralis (56.7%), Cetrelia braunsiana (56.5%), Nephromopsis pallescensn (56.1%), and Parmelia simplicior (53.8%). Among the tested LFF, 61 isolates of LFF exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the target pathogen at the inhibition rates from 30 to 50%. Antifungal activity of the LFF against C. acutatum was variable at the species level rather than genus level of LFF. This study suggests that LFF can be served as a promising bioresource to develop novel biofungicides.

Characterization of Two Metagenome-Derived Esterases That Reactivate Chloramphenicol by Counteracting Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase

( Wei Xin Tao ),( Myung Hwan Lee ),( Mi Young Yoon ),( Jin Cheol Kim ),( Shweta Malhotra ),( Jing Wu ),( Eul Chul Hwang ),( Seon Woo Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.12

Function-driven metagenomic analysis is a powerful approach to screening for novel biocatalysts. In this study, we investigated lipolytic enzymes selected from an alluvial soil metagenomic library, and identified two novel esterases, EstDL26 and EstDL136. EstDL26 and EstDL136 reactivated chloramphenicol from its acetyl derivates by counteracting the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in Escherichia coli. These two enzymes showed only 27% identity in amino acid sequence to each other; however both preferentially hydrolyzed short-chain p-nitrophenyl esters (≤C5) and showed mesophilic properties. In vitro, EstDL136 catalyzed the deacetylation of 1- and 3- acetyl and 1,3-diacetyl derivates; in contrast, EstDL26 was not capable of the deacetylation at C1, indicating a potential regioselectivity. EstDL26 and EstDL136 were similar to microbial hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and since chloramphenicol acetate esterase (CAE) activity was detected from two other soil esterases in the HSL family, this suggests a distribution of CAE among the soil microorganisms. The isolation and characterization of EstDL26 and EstDL136 in this study may be helpful in understanding the diversity of CAE enzymes and their potential role in releasing active chloramphenicol in the producing bacteria.

A Fast Inter-prediction Mode Decision Algorithm for HEVC Based on Spatial-Temporal Correlation

Wei-Xin Yao,Dan Yang 한국정보처리학회 2022 Journal of information processing systems Vol.18 No.2

Many new techniques have been adopted in HEVC (High efficiency video coding) standard, such as quadtreestructuredcoding unit (CU), prediction unit (PU) partition, 35 intra-mode, and so on. To reduce computationalcomplexity, the paper proposes two optimization algorithms which include fast CU depth range decision andfast PU partition mode decision. Firstly, depth range of CU is predicted according to spatial-temporalcorrelation. Secondly, we utilize the depth difference between the current CU and CU corresponding to thesame position of adjacent frame for PU mode range selection. The number of traversal candidate modes isreduced. The experiment result shows the proposed algorithm obtains a lot of time reducing, and the loss ofcoding efficiency is inappreciable.

Research Articles : New Record of Lecanora muralis (Lichenized Fungus) in South Korea

( Xin Li Wei ),( Keon Seon Han ),( You Mi Lee ),( Young Jin Koh ),( Jae Seoun Hur ) 한국균학회 2007 Mycobiology Vol.35 No.2

Beautiful China - Cultural and Creative Product Design

Wei Xin(위신) 한국디자인학회 2021 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2021 No.11

Antifungal Activity of Lichen-forming Fungi against Colletotrichum acutatum on Hot Pepper

Wei, Xinli,Jeon, Hae-Sook,Han, Keon-Seon,Koh, Young-Jin,Hur, Jae-Seoun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2

Antifungal activity of Korean and Chinese lichen-forming fungi (LFF) was evaluated against plant pathogenic fungus of Colletotrichum acutatum, causal agent of anthracnose on hot pepper. This is the first attempt to evaluate antifungal activity of LFF, instead of lichen thalli, against C. acutatum. Total 100 LFF were isolated from the lichens with discharged spore method or tissue culture method. Among the 100 isolates, 8 LFF showed more than 50% of inhibition rates of mycelial growth of the target pathogen. Especially, Lecanora argentata was highly effective in inhibition of mycelial growth of C. accutatum at the rate of 68%. Antifungal activity of other LFF was in the order of Cetrelia japonica (61.4%), Ramalina conduplicans (59.5%), Umbilicaria esculenta (59.5%), Ramalina litoralis (56.7%), Cetrelia braunsiana (56.5%), Nephromopsis pallescensn (56.1%), and Parmelia simplicior (53.8%). Among the tested LFF, 61 isolates of LFF exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the target pathogen at the inhibition rates from 30 to 50%. Antifungal activity of the LFF against C. acutatum was variable at the species level rather than genus level of LFF. This study suggests that LFF can be served as a promising bioresource to develop novel biofungicides.

Does Gender Play a Role in Divorce Mediation? : Working Pattern of Women Judges in China

WEI, Shuai,XIN, Xin 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2013 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.19 No.3

This study focuses on the contrast between the images of female Chinese judges in divorce mediation, as reported in newspapers and observed in practice. Based on the reports of the People’s Court Daily, we find that this newspaper agency portrays female Chinese judges as excelling in divorce mediations because of three feminine characteristics: patience, empathy, and motherly disposition. But from interviews with Chinese judges and our observations of divorce mediations presided over by Chinese women judges, we find that in practice they reject the stereotypical female characteristics as factors contributing to the settlement of divorce mediations. Instead, they follow mediator settlement strategies, similar to those observed by Silbey and Merry (1986), which do not differ between the two genders. The contrast indicates that Chinese women judges have a clear understanding of what they could do to settle divorce disputes. 本篇论文旨在揭示报纸报道中与司法实务中离婚调解案件中女法官的形象差异。我们通过对人民法院报的相关报道的分析发现,该报刊将女法官在离婚案件调解中的出色表现归结为三种女性特征,耐心,同情心以及母亲角色。但是我们通过对法官进行的访谈以及对女法官主持的离婚调解的实务观察发现,在实务中女法官是排斥这些类型化的描述的,她们并不认为这些因素是促成调解的有效因素。相反她们遵循了由Silbey和Merry在1986年的相关研究中总结出来的调解策略。这些调解策略并不会因为性别而有所区别。对这种报道和实务的差别描述说明了在中国女法官对离婚案件调解有其清晰的理解判断。