http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
제주도 방언의 상대높임과 ‘-느-’- ‘-수다’와 ‘-읍네다’는 어떻게 다른가?
고영진 한국방언학회 2019 방언학 Vol.0 No.29
In Jeju Dialect, there are two honorific sentential endings equivalent to the standard Korean ending ‘-sɨpnida’: ‘-suda’ and ‘-ɨpneda.’ This paper explains the differences between these two sentential endings. Specifically, this paper argues the meaning of ‘permanent state’ which is expressed by ‘-nɨ-’ in adjectives in Jeju Dialect that is proposed by Ko(2007). The ending ‘-ɨpneda’ can be analyzed into four different morphemes as ‘-ɨp+nɨ+ɨi+da’. However, ‘-suda’ does not contain ‘-nɨ-’ which means ‘permanent state.’ This is the reason that caused the difference between ‘-suda’ and ‘-ɨpneda’ in Jeju Dialect. We often find the difference in meanings between two endings in adjectives but rarely in verbs. Another difference in two endings is that ‘-suda’ does not connect directly to a verb stem nor to the imperative and suggestive. 이 글에서 우리는 제주도 방언에서 상대높임을 나타내는 두 표현, 즉 ‘-수다’와 ‘-읍네다’에는 어떠한 의미차가 있는가를 밝혀 보려고 한다. 고영진(2007)에 의하면, 제주도 방언에서는 ‘-느-’가 형용사와도 자유롭게 결합할 수 있는데, 그 때 그것의 의미는 “항상성”이라고 한다. 본고에서 논의한 두 어미는 상대높임의 등분은 같으나, ‘-읍네다’의 ‘-네-’에는 “항상성”을 뜻하는 ‘-느-’가 녹아 있기 때문에 “상대높임과 항상성”의 의미를 가지나, ‘-수다’에는 ‘-느-’가 들어 있지 않기 때문에 “상대높임”의 뜻밖에 없다. 이러한 ‘-수다’와 ‘-읍네다’의 구별은, 형용사에서 전형적으로 나타나는 것이 보통이기는 하나, 동사에서도 확인이 된다. 다만, ‘-수다’는 동사의 어간에 직접 통합되지 않으며, 명령 및 청유형과도 공존할 수 없음이 특징적이다.
포도상 구균 및 연쇄상 구균 부유액에 의한 백혈구 중다증의 발생기전에 관한 연구
고영진 中央醫學社 1942 中央醫學 Vol.11 No.2
The author tested leukocytosis-producing effect of staphylococcal or streptococcal suspension both on normal rabbits and on rabbits with splanchnicectomy or lower cervical section, and furthermore, the same effect was tested on. normal rabbits by injection of the sera or plasma obtained from normal rabbits and from the rabbits with splanchnicectomy or lower cervical section to which was administered the suspension, and obtained the following conclusions. 1. Normal rabbits' showed 'a mild,. transitory tendency to leukopenia immediately :after injection of staphylococcal or streptococcal suspension, but not Consistantly. 2. The normal rabbits given an adequate quantity of the suspension once. or several =times showed marked leukocytosis characterized by nuclear shift to the left of pseudo-eosinophils. The leukocytosis was more remarkable in the rabbits injected the suspension several times. 3. The leukocyte response of the rabbits with splanchnicectomy or lower cervical -section to the suspension was almost similar to that of the normal rabbits. 4. The sera and plasma obtained from the rabbits with marked leukocytosis produced by administration of the suspension seemed to contain endogenous leukocytosis-inducing substance. 5. The leukocytosis produced by staphylococcal or streptococcal suspension was peripheral in nature.
CNN을 이용한 3상 유도전동기 ITSC 진단의 효율적인1차원 전류 신호 구성 및 Encoding방법
고영진 한국전기전자학회 2024 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.28 No.2
본 논문에서는 CNN을 이용한 3상 유도모터 ITSC(Inter-Turn Short Circuit) 고장진단에 있어서, 전류 데이터를 이용한 고장진단 및 효율적인 이미지 encoding 방법을 제안하도록 한다. 진동, 소음센서를 이용한 방법과 달리 전류를 이용하는 방법은 데이터의 손실이 낮을 수 있다는 장점은 있지만, 3상 신호로 인해 CNN의 채널 수 증가의 부담이있다. 이에 D-Q 동기좌표계의 D축성분만의 데이터를 활용하여 채널 부담을 줄이고, 효율적인 입력 이미지 구성 방법을 알아보고자 SWM(Slide Window Method)과 GAF(Gramian Angular Field)방식을 비교하도록 하였다. 데이터는 무부하부터 전부하까지 전체 변화를 고려하였으며, 그 결과, GAF방식은 약 74%, SWM방식은 약 65%로, GAF방식이 약 9%의 높은 정확도를 보임을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 학습된 속도에있어서 약 14.74[s]로 전체 학습 시간대비 차이가 없었으며, 100 epoch 이하에서는 빠른 속도로 학습이 가능함을 알 수 있었다 This paper proposes an efficient fault diagnosis method for ITSC(Inter-Turn Short Circuit) in three-phaseinduction motors using CNN. By utilizing only the D-axis component of the D-Q synchronous coordinatesystem, it compares SWM(Slide Window Method) and GAF(Gramian Angular Field) methods for image encoding. Results show GAF achieving ~74% accuracy, while SWM achieves ~65%, indicating GAF’s superiority by 9%. Learning time (~14.74s) remains consistent, particularly with epochs ≤ 100, showcasing faster learning.
북헌(北軒) 김춘택(金春澤)의 제주 유배지 삶에 대한 고찰
고영진 동방문화대학원대학교 문화예술콘텐츠연구소 2024 문화와예술연구 Vol.25 No.-
제주도(濟州島)는 바다로 고립된 절해고도(絶海孤島)로서 고려 후기부터 조선 말기까지 수백 명의 사람들이 유형(流刑)에처해졌던 유배지였다. 제주도는 원(元)에 의해 점령된 후 100여 년 동안 이민족의유배지였던 역사적 사실도 있었다. 조선시대에는 당론과 정치적으로 최고형을 받은 유형수들을 최고 멀리 떨어져 있는 제주도를 유배지로 선택했다. 유배되어온 사람들은 정치인, 왕족, 문인, 관리, 학자를 비롯하여 경중(輕重)의 범죄자들을 정치적으로 격리하기 위한 최적지의 유배지였다. 주로 외부와의 차단형벌인 집 주위 울타리에 가시를 둘러쳐 그 안에 살게 하는 위리안치(圍籬安置)와 절해고도에 살게 하는 절도안치(絶島安置) 의 형벌에 처해졌는데 제주도 유배는 외부와 단절된 절도안치에 해당하는 최고의 무거운 형벌이었다. 본 연구에서는 조선시대에 기사환국(己巳換局)과 여러 차례어려운 일들을 걸쳐간 숙종시대 문인 북헌(北軒) 김춘택(金春 澤)의 제주 유배지에서의 후학 양성, 그리고 유배지에 남긴 흔적에 대해 고찰해보고자 한다. 북헌 김춘택은 숙종의 비 인경왕후(仁敬王后)의 조카이자 구운몽(九雲夢), 사씨남정기(謝氏南征記)를 지은 김만중(金萬重)의종손자이다. 어려서부터 김만중에게서 수학하였고 재질이 탁월하여 김수항(金壽恒)의 탄복을 받기도 하였다. 정쟁 때마다 항상 서인 · 노론의 중심가문에 속해 있어 힘든 고초를 겪었다. 제주도 유배는 1706(숙종32) 9월에 제주로 유배되어 1710년(숙종36) 임피(臨陂) 소안역(蘇安驛)으로 이배되면서 제주를 떠났다. 제주에 유배되는 동안 부친 김진구(金鎭龜)가 제주유배시 거주했던 곳에서 거주하며 부친이 가르쳤던 제주 유생을 가르쳐 과거에 급제하는 성과를 낳았다. 학식과 지식이 불모지였던 제주에서 후학양성 측면에서 재조명할 가치가 충분히 있다고 판단된다. 그간 많은 사람이 북헌(北軒)에 대해 논하였으나제한적이나마 제주에 남긴 북헌의 흔적을 고찰해보고자 하며후학들의 남긴 문학적 자료도 연구가 필요할 것이나 워낙 파편적이고 제한된 고증 자료로 인해 어려움이 많았다. Jeju Island was an isolated highland surrounded by the sea, and from the late Goryeo period to the end of the Joseon Dynasty, it served as a place of exile for hundreds of people. After being occupied by the Yuan(元) Dynasty, Jeju Island was also historically known as a place of exile for immigrants for about a hundred years. During the Joseon Dynasty, it was chosen as a place of exile for those who received the highest form of punishment politically and ideologically. . Those exiled included politicians, royalty, scholars, officials, and criminals of various degrees, as it was considered an optimal location for political isolation. The punishment mainly involved two forms: "Wirianchi," which involved surrounding the exiled individual's residence with thorns to physically isolate them, and "Jeoldoanchi," which involved exile to remote islands like Jeju Island. Jeju Island exile represented the most severe form of Jeoldoanchi, which effectively cut off the exiled individuals from the outside world, making it the most severe and isolating punishment. This study aims to examine the literary legacy, education of future generations, and the imprint left on Jeju Island by Kim Chun-taek also known as Bukheon, a scholar of the Sukjong era who endured various hardships during the Joseon Dynasty. Bukheon, Kim Chun-taek, was the descendant of Kim Man-jung, who authored "The Cloud Dream of the Nine” and “Sassinamjeonggi,” also the nephew of Queen Ingyeong , the wife of King Sukjong. From a young age, Kim Chun-taek received education from Kim Man-jung and was recognized for his exceptional talent, even receiving praise from Kim Su-hang. He endured numerous difficulties during political conflicts due to his affiliation with the prominent factions of Seo-in and Noron. He was exiled to Jeju in September 1706 (during the 32nd year of King Sukjong's reign) and departed from Jeju in 1710 (during the 36th year of King Sukjong's reign) when he was transferred to Impi Soanyeok. While in exile on Jeju, he resided in the same place where his father, Kim Jin-gu, had lived during his own exile. He taught a student from Jeju, followed his father's teachings, and that student passed the civil service examination, leaving behind a notable legacy. It is deemed that there is sufficient value in reevaluating the aspect of fostering successors in Jeju, where academic and intellectual resources were scarce. While Bukheon has been widely discussed by many, there is a desire to examine, albeit limited, the traces left by Bukheon in Jeju. Research on literary materials left by successors is deemed necessary; however, it has been challenging due to the fragmented and limited nature of available evidence.
Development of an electrically driven diesel fuel pump for commercial vehicles using HILS
고영진,임명택 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.12
Common-rail fuel injection systems on modern diesel engines have fuel pumps that are mechanically driven by the crankshaft. Thepumps actually house two pumping elements: a low pressure element and a high pressure element. Part of the fuel compressed by the lowpressure element returns to the tank in the process of maintaining the pressure in the common-rail at adequate levels for injection. Sincethe returning fuel represents pumping energy loss, fuel economy improves if the returned fuel can be reduced by using a properly controlledelectrical fuel pump. As the first step in developing an electrical fuel pump the fuel supply system on a six-liter diesel engine wasmodeled with AMESim to analyze the workload and the fuel feed rate of the injection pump; the results served as the basis for selecting asuitable servo-motor to drive the pump. A motor controller was built using a DSP and a program which controls the common-rail pressureusing a proportional control method based on the target fuel pressure information from the engine ECU. Test equipment was alsofabricated to evaluate the performance of the electrically driven fuel pump. In a simulated vehicle test during the first 200 seconds of theNEDC driving schedule, the electric pump satisfied the fuel pressure and flow demand of the engine, consuming only 48.3% of the energythat an engine-driven pump would require.
Maximum Meal Calorie Variation and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
고영진,박민선,고유라,오세영,정희경,김준석,최주성,강주형,김계형 대한가정의학회 2010 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.31 No.12
Background: Diet pattern of regular and three meals per day is commonly recommended. Studies investigated the health effect of gorging pattern of diet using meal frequency and meal skipping, but the health effect of meal calorie variation between three regular meals has never been investigated. In this study, maximum meal calorie variation was defined as subtraction calorie for a meal with minimum energy intake from calories for a meal with maximum energy intake between three meals and examined the effect of maximum meal calorie variation between three regular meals a day on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A total of 4,680 healthy subjects aged 20-87 years who underwent medical screening examination, at one tertiary hospital health screening center and completed 24-hour dietary recall was included. Serum cholesterol subfractions,fasting glucose and blood pressure were measured. Results: Maximum meal calorie variation was significantly related to serum concentration of total cholesterol (β = 1.77;95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36 to 3.18) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (β = 1.64; 95% CI, 0.37 to 2.91),body mass index (β = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.37) and waist circumference (β = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.98) after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion: This study suggests the notion that concentration of total cholesterol and LDL-C and obesity indices are related to maximum meal calorie variation between three meals, independently of energy intake and other confounding factors in free-living population.
건축 프로젝트의 특성을 고려한 성과 난이도 예측 시스템 개발
고영진,차희성,Ko, Young-Jin,Cha, Hee-Sung 한국건설관리학회 2011 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.1
Currently, The failure of construction project is increasing to be caused by a changing construction environment. According to this circumstances, Researches of project success factors affecting performance have been presented to develop strategies for efficient construction project management in the construction industry. However, Conducting efficient construction project management is difficult because project manager could not know which project success factors can be improved or not. Especially, although the project characteristics were derived the level of difficulty for performance, research of the project characteristics which could not be improved as influence factor to performance is lacking. Therefore, This paper has developed the Performance Predicting System(PPS) with Fuzzy set theory to establish. PPS has been developed to establish efficient project management strategies and to save time and effort. As Contractor inputs the project characteristics, PPS can predict the level of difficulty of performance.
고영진,김경태,김은정,우현수,김창환 대한침구의학회 2006 대한침구의학회지 Vol.23 No.1
Objectives : This study was designed to evaluated the effect of electroacupuncture on Quality of life of patients with urinary incontinence Methods : Subjects were voluntarily recruited by newspapers and internet. Electroacupuncture was performed three times a week for 3 weeks. Acupuncture point for EA group was B32, Electrical stimulation frequency was 2Hz, duration 20 minutes, and intensity was up to pain threshold according to patients. The patients's symptoms were assessed before, after 3 weeks of treatment by QOL item of International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS), Medical Outcomes Study(MOS) 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36). Results : QOL score of IPSS were significantly improved after 3 weeks(p<0.05) compared to the pre-treatment. There were significant changes in Social functioning(SF), role-physical(RP), role emotional(RE), mental health(MH), bodily pain(BP) score of SF-36 after 3 weeks(p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in physical functioning(PF), vitality(VT), general health(GH) score of SF-36. Conclusion : This study suggests that electroacupuncture treatments can be applicable to improve symptoms in patients with urinary incontinence.
고영진,이로민,김주희,남상수,김창환 대한침구의학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.24 No.3
Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Moxa Pellet therapy on chronic low back pain. Methods : Subjects were voluntarily recruited by newspapers and internet. The Moxa Pellet therapy was performed for 4 weeks. Patients were randomized to three groups: Moxa Pellets, Control-1 and Control-2 group. Moxa Pellets group administered with Moxa Pellets, Control-1 group administered with moxa pellet-shaped moxa pellet without available components and Control-2 group administered with round bonded fabric that could not give pressing stimulation. Acupuncture points used in this study were GV3, BL23, BL24, BL25 and BL22. The patient's symptoms were assessed before and after 4 weeks treatments by VAS, SF-MPQ and SF-36. Results : The results are follows; 1. VAS score showed significant difference in Moxa Pellet group and Control-1 group after treatment. 2. SF-MPQ score showed significant difference only in Moxa Pellet group. 3. Moxa Pellet group showed significant difference in PF, RE, MH, and BP of SF-36 score after treatment; Control-1 group showed no significant difference; Control-2 group showed significant difference in BP. There were no significant difference among the groups. Conclusions : This study suggests that Moxa Pellet therapy can be applicable to improve symptoms in the patients with chronic low back pain. Further studies on the Moxa Pellet therapy and other treatment in the patients with chronic low back pain is recommended.