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Vivek Kumar,Sameer Gupta,Kachnar Varma,Amrita Chaurasia,Manisha Sachan 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.4
Objective: To correlate the genome-wide methylation signature of microRNA genes with dysregulated expression of selected candidate microRNA in tissue and serum samples of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and control using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and evaluation of EOC predictive value of candidate microRNA at an early stage. Methods: We performed Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation coupled with NGS (MeDIP- NGS) sequencing of 6 EOC and 2 normal tissue samples of the ovary. Expression of selected microRNA from tissue (EOC=85, normal=30) and serum (EOC=50, normal=15) samples was evaluated using qRT-PCR. We conducted bioinformatics analysis to identify the candidate miRNA’s potential target and functional role. Results: MeDIP-NGS sequencing revealed hypermethylation of several microRNAsgene promoters. Three candidate microRNAs were selected (microRNA-34a, let-7f, and microRNA-31) from MeDIP-NGS data analysis based on log2FC and P-value. The relative expression level of microRNA-34a, let-7f, and microRNA-31 was found to be significantly reduced in early-stage EOC tissues and serum samples (p<0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic analysis of microRNA-34a, let-7f and miR-31 showed improved diagnostic value with area under curve(AUC) of 92.0 (p<0.0001), 87.9 (p<0.0001), and 85.6 (p<0.0001) and AUC of 82.7 (p<0.0001), 82.0 (p<0.0001), and 81.0 (p<0.0001) in stage III-IV and stage I-II EOC serum samples respectively. The integrated diagnostic performance of microRNA panel (microRNA-34a+let-7f+microRNA-31) in late-stage and early-stage serum samples was 95.5 and 96.9 respectively. Conclusion: Our data correlated hypermethylation-associated downregulation of microRNA in EOC. In addition, a combined microRNA panel from serum could predict the risk of EOC with greater AUC, sensitivity, and specificity.
Vivek Aggarwal,Tanveer Ahmad,Mamta Singla,Alpa Gupta,Masoud Saatchi,Mukesh Hasija,Babita Meena,Umesh Kumar 대한치과마취과학회 2022 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.22 No.4
Introduction: This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the anesthetic effect of the addition of 2 mg (4 mg/ml) of dexamethasone to 2% lidocaine (plain or with 1:80,000 epinephrine). The solutions were injected for a primary inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) to provide mandibular anesthesia for the endodontic treatment of mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods: In a double-blinded setup, 124 patients randomly received either of the following injections: 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine, 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine mixed with 2 mg dexamethasone, or plain 2% lidocaine mixed with 2 mg dexamethasone, which were injected as a primary IANB. Ten minutes after injection, patients with profound lip numbness underwent electric and thermal pulp sensibility tests. Patients who responded positively to the tests were categorized as “failed” anesthesia and received supplemental anesthesia. The remaining patients underwent endodontic treatment using a rubber dam. Anesthetic success was defined as “no pain or faint/weak/mild pain” during endodontic access preparation and instrumentation (HP visual analog scale score < 55 mm). The effect of the anesthetic solutions on the maximum change in heart rate was also evaluated. The Pearson chi-square test at 5% and 1% significance was used to analyze anesthetic success rates. Results: The 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine, 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine mixed with 2 mg dexamethasone, and plain 2% lidocaine mixed with 2 mg dexamethasone groups had anesthetic success rates of 34%, 59%, and 29%, respectively. The addition of dexamethasone resulted in significantly better results (P < 0.001, χ2 = 9.07, df = 2). Conclusions: The addition of dexamethasone to 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, administered as an IANB, can improve the anesthetic success rates during the endodontic management of symptomatic mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis.
BLOSOM : Blockchain Technology for Security of Medical Records
Rahul Johari,Vivek Kumar,Kalpana Gupta,Deo Prakash Vidyarthi 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.1
Today, the world of information security is witnessing frequent attacks on electronic medical records by the naive and professional hackers, therefore security of the patient’s Electronic Medical Record (EMR) in Hospital Management System is of paramount importance. In the current research work Blockchain containers running on multiple ports are proposed to be used for holding patient’s medical records. To perform this task effectively, a Blockchain framework named as “Medichain” was developed from scratch with all the basic functionalities of a Blockchain to secure patient’s data. Each block of the Blockchain would contain a list of records of patient details as part of its data. Users would be provided with an option of uploading the file containing the list of records as a JSON file, in a decisive, distributed and decentralized network. The proposed Blockchain Algorithm consisting of cryptographic hash of the records, proof of work and a Merkle tree formulation were simulated in Python and the results have been positive and encouraging.
Raman K. Gupta,Vishal K. Chorasiya,Vivek Vij,Manav Wadhawan,Ajay Kumar,Nalini Bansal 대한소화기학회 2023 대한소화기학회지 Vol.81 No.1
An undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the gall bladder behaves aggressively and has a grave prognosis. Small cell type undifferentiated carcinoma of the gall bladder is a rare variant. This paper reports a case of UC of gall bladder with PAS-positive diastase- resistant eosinophilic hyaline globules present as liver mass (on imaging) in a male patient. The microscopic findings of the liver and gall bladder after a right tri-segmentectomy showed an un-differentiated malignant neoplasm composed of cells with round to oval nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and scanty neoplasm. No definite cell pattern was identified with these neoplastic cells. A section from the gall bladder revealed a tumor arising from the lining epithelium and infiltrating through the muscularis. This tumor was infiltrating the adherent liver tissue directly and forming a mass of undifferentiated malignant cells. The focal area within the tumor mass showed the presence of PAS-positive, diastase-resistant, eosinophilic hyaline globules within the neoplastic cells. The immunohistochemistry test was diffusely positive for perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and negative for chromogranin, vimentin, Desmin, alpha-fetoprotein, leukocyte common antigen, CD34, and bcl2. When the clinical and radiological data are inconclusive, careful analysis of the histological and immunophenotypic features is needed to make the final diagnosis of UC of the gall bladder. The biological behavior and prognosis of this tumor remain unclear because of its rarity. Further studies will be needed to understand the characteristics of this deadly tumor and to establish an effective therapy for it.
Mahendra Mohan,Rajesh Jhingran,Vivek Kumar Bains,Vivek Gupta,Rohit Madan,Iram Rizvi,Kanchan Mani 대한치주과학회 2014 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.44 No.4
Purpose: The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of scaling and root planing (SRP) on the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum in chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM-CP) or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (NDM-CP). Methods: Forty-eight human participants were divided into two groups: an experimental (T2DM-CP) group (group I, n=24) comprising chronic periodontitis patients with random blood sugar ≥200 mg/dL and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and control (NDM-CP) group (group II, n=24) of those with chronic periodontitis and random blood sugar <200 without T2DM for the study. All subjects underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) including complete SRP and subgingival debridement. Periodontal health parameters, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), GCF volume (GCF vol), GCF-CRP, random blood glucose (RBS), glycated hemoglobin, and systemic inflammatory markers, serum CRP, total leukocyte count (TLC), neutrophil count (Neutr) and lymphocyte count (Lymph), were evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after SRP. Results: NSPT resulted in statistically significant improvement in periodontal health parameters (PI, GI, PPD, CAL, GCF vol), CRP levels in serum as well as GCF of both groups I and II. The mean improvement in periodontal health parameters (PI, GI, PPD, CAL, GCF vol), CRP levels in serum and GCF was greater in group I than group II after NSPT. There was nonsignificant increase in GCF-CRP, TLC, Lymph, and RBS, and a significant increase in Neutr and Serum CRP in group II at 1 month. The Serum CRP level of 20 out of 24 group II patients had also increased at 1 month. Conclusions: The CRP levels in both GCF and serum were higher in T2DM-CP patients than in NDM-CP patients. Although there was a significant improvement in both the groups, greater improvement was observed in both GCF and serum samples of T2DM-CP patients.