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THE MASS PROFILE OF ABELL 1689 FROM A LENSING ANALYSIS OF DEEP WIDE FIELD SUBARU IMAGES
UMETSU KEIICHI,BROADHURST TOM,TAKADA MASAHIRO,KONG Xu The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2
We used Subaru observations of A1689 (z = 0.183) to derive an accurate, model-independent mass profile for the entire cluster, r$\le$2Mpc/h, by combining magnification bias and distortion measurements. The projected mass profile steepens quickly with increasing radius, falling away to zero at r${\~}$1.0Mpc/h, well short of the anticipated virial radius. Our profile accurately matches onto the inner profile, r $\le$200kpc/ h, derived from deep HST / ACS images. The combined ACS and Subaru information is well fitted by an NFW profile with virial mass, $(1.93 \pm 0.20) {\times}10^{15} M_{\bigodot}$, and surprisingly high concentration, $C_{vir} = 13.7^{+1.4}_{-1.1}$, significantly larger than theoretically expected ($C_{vir} {\le}4$), corresponding to a relatively steep overall profile. These results are based on a reliable sample of background galaxies selected to be redder than the cluster E/SO sequence. By including the faint blue galaxy population a much smaller distortion signal is found, demonstrating that blue cluster members significantly dilute the true signal for r $\le$ 400kpc/ h. This contamination is likely to affect most weak lensing results to date.
Risk Assessment of Pesticides: Risk of Eating
Noriharu Ken Umetsu 한국농약과학회 2007 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In general, consumers tend to believe that synthetic pesticides and pesticide residues in crop plants are dangerous to our health. On the other hand, less attention has been paid to the naturally-occurring toxic substances in crop plants, which may cause or contribute to illness in humans. In this presentation, scientific findings will be provided in order to make a risk assessment of synthetic pesticides, or pesticide residues, as well as naturally-occurring substances existing in crop plants and in general chemicals surrounding us. The presentation is concerned with the effort made by the Pesticide Science Society of Japan and myself to change consumer's perception about issues concerning the safety of pesticide and pesticide residue. Discussion particularly focuses on the risk of eating crops and foods which may contain pesticide residues, food additives and many different kinds of natural chemicals. Scientists and government administration should fulfill their obligation to continuously conduct risk communication by revealing technical validation results of pesticide and pesticide residue safety and schemes to confirm safety in an easier way to understand, so that general consumers and the media can more fully comprehend them.
Tomohito Kameda,Yoshiaki Umetsu 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.53 No.-
Carbonate ion-intercalated Mg–Al layered double hydroxides (CO3-type Mg–Al LDHs) were prepared by using various methods to mix a solution of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 with an alkaline solution, and the particle properties of the obtained samples were compared. By mixing stoichiometric quantities of Mg2+, Al3+, and OH according to the coprecipitation reaction for preparing CO3-type Mg–Al LDHs, Mg2+ and Al3+ in solution were quantitatively precipitated, and the Mg/Al molar ratios of the obtained Mg–Al LDHs were equal to those of the solution, irrespective of the preparation method. However, the different preparation methods resulted in different particle properties, namely, different particle size distributions, particle morphologies, and sedimentation properties were observed. These differences were attributed to different formation processes for Mg–Al LDH. The ideal preparation method was determined to involve the addition of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 solution to Na2CO3 solution at a constant pH, which was achieved by adjusting with NaOH solution. This preparation method resulted in the formation of CO3-type Mg–Al LDH particles with uniform primary particles, good sedimentation properties, and a narrow distribution of secondary particle aggregates. Such characteristics make these Mg–Al LDHs excellent candidates for wastewater treatment.
Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: Towards a New Horizon
Evelyne Khoriaty,Dale T. Umetsu 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.1
Food allergy has increased dramatically in prevalence over the past decade in westernized countries, and is now a major public health problem. Unfortunatelyfor patients with food allergy, there is no effective therapy beyond food allergen avoidance, and rapid medical treatment for accidentalexposures. Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been investigated as a treatment for this problem. In this review, we will discuss the progress indeveloping OIT for food allergy, including a novel approach utilizing Xolair (anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, omalizumab) in combination with OIT. Thiscombination may enhance both the safety and efficacy of oral immunotherapy, and could lead to a widely available and safe therapy for food allergy.
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN A SMALL HERD OF JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE IN A DRY-LOT
Nakanishi, Y.,Mutoh, Y.,Umetsu, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.1
Behaviour of 7 horned Japanese Black Cattle (3-9 years old) kept in a $450m^2$ dry-lot under loose housing condition was observed in the daytime (0930-1730 h) during 3 consecutive days. Eating and lying behaviour of cattle and the positions of all animals when lying together were recorded at 10-min intervals. Agonistic encounters and social licking interactions in the herd were also recorded. The cattle established a social hierarchy which was near linear. An irregularity in the diurnal rhythm of lying behaviour was found on the 3rd day, which appeared to be caused by oestrus behaviour of a herdmate. Eating frequency showed greater variation among individuals than lying frequency, and the most dominant animal ate most frequently in the herd. The spatial pattern of the herd when lying indicated a relatively loose dispersion in the lot. Higher ranking cattle tended to lie down more frequently near the hay rack in the lot, so that lower ranking animals had more difficult access to feed. Cattle with more social licking interactions had a tendency to lie down near each other irrespective of proximity of social order, therefore it was suggested that social preference among particular individuals occurred in the herd.
Retrovirus 에 의해 IL-10 이 전이된 알레르겐 특이 CD4+ T Helper 림프구가 기도의 과민반응과 염증반응에 미치는 억제 효과
(Rosemarie . H . Dekruyff),(Dale . T . Umetsu),오재원(Jae Won Oh) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2000 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.10 No.4
목 적 : 기도 과민반웅과 염중반웅은 천식의 가장 기본적 특징 중 하나이며, 이 반응들은 여러 관련 세포들에 의한 염증 반응의 정도에 의존한다. 특히 알레르기반응에 있어서 Th2 림프구에서 생산되는 cytokines의 역할이 Th1 림프구 보다 더욱 중요한 것으로 알려져 있다. IL-10은 T, B림프구, 단핵세포 등에서 생성되며 비만세포의 cytokines 생성과 IgE 생성을 억제하며, 기도나 복막부위에서 T 림프구와 호산구의 축적과 활동을 억제하는 등 항알레르기, 항염증반응의 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 retrovirus를 이용하여 IL-10을 CD4+ Th 림프구에 전이하여 이 세포를 중증면역결핍백서에 정맥 주입한 후 알레르겐 특이 Th2 림프구에 의해 유발된 기도 과민반응과 염증반응을 억제할 수 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 방 법 : IL-10 유전자를 plasmid에 붙인 retrovirus을 이용하여 IL-10이 전이된 CD4+ Th 림프구를 중증면역결핍(SCID) 백서나 정상 Balb/c 백서에 정맥 주입한 후 Th2 림프구에 의한 기도 과민반응의 변화를 메타콜린 자극에 따른 전신 체적변동기록법을 이용하여 측정하였으며, 이 억제 효과가 항 IL-10 단일클론항체를 투여하여 소멸되는지를 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 유전자 조작에 의해 IL-10이 전이된 CD4+ T세포가 OVA 특이 Th2 세포에 의한 기도 과민반응을 억제하였으며, 이러한 IL-10의 억제 효과는 항 IL-10 단일클론항체를 투여하였을 때 다시 기도 과민반응이 소멸되었다. 결 론 : IL-10이 전이된 CD4+ T세포는 항원에 특이하게 Th2 세포의 기능을 억제할 뿐 아니라 항원 특이 Th2 세포에 의한 기도 과민반응의 유발을 억제할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. Purpose : Asthma is characterized by airway hyperreactivity to a variety of specific and nonspecific stimuli, by chronic airway inflammation with pulmonary eosinophilia, by mucus hypersecretion, and by increased serum IgE levels. T helper 2 (Th2) cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of asthma, but the precise immunological mechanism that inhibit Th2 cell function in vivo are not well understood. Methods : Using gene therapy, Th-cell lines were transferred intravenously into histocompatible SCII) or OVA immunized Balb/c mice. Airway responsiveness was assessed by methacholine-induced airflow obstruction from conscious mice placed in a whole-body plethysmograph. Pulmonary airflow obstruction was measured by enhanced pause(Penh). Results : We demonstrated that ovalbumin-specific(OVA-specific) Th cells engineered to express IL-10 abolished airway hyperreactivity induced by OVA-specific Th2 effector cells in SCID and Balb/c mice. The inhibitory effect of IL-10 transduced Th cells was antigen-specific and was reversed by neutralization of IL-10. Conclusion : Our results demonstrate that IL-10 transduced CD4+ Th cells in the respiratory mucosa can indeed regulate Th2-induced airway hyperreactivity.