Curcumin protects against the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury: involvement of the tight junction protein ZO-1 and TNF-α related mechanism

Tian, Shuying,Guo, Ruixue,Wei, Sichen,Kong, Yu,Wei, Xinliang,Wang, Weiwei,Shi, Xiaomeng,Jiang, Hongyu The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.2

Present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin-pretreatment on intestinal I/R injury and on intestinal mucosa barrier. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into: sham, I/R, and curcumin groups (n=10). Animals in curcumin group were pretreated with curcumin by gastric gavage (200 mg/kg) for 2 days before I/R. Small intestine tissues were prepared for Haematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ levels were measured. Expression of intestinal TNF-${\alpha}$ and tight junction protein (ZO-1) proteins was detected by Western blot and/or immunohistochemistry. Serum DAO level and serum and intestinal TNF-${\alpha}$ leves were significantly increased after I/R, and the values were markedly reduced by curcumin pretreatment although still higher than that of sham group (p<0.05 or p<0.001). H&E staining showed the significant injury to intestinal mucosa following I/R, and curcumin pretreatment significantly improved the histological structure of intestinal mucosa. I/R insult also induced significantly down-regulated expression of ZO-1, and the effect was dramatically attenuated by curcumin-pretreatment. Curcumin may protect the intestine from I/R injury through restoration of the epithelial structure, promotion of the recovery of intestinal permeability, as well as enhancement of ZO-1 protein expression, and this effect may be partly attributed to the TNF-${\alpha}$ related pathway.

Aerodynamic effect of wind barriers and running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges under cross winds

Weiwei Guo,He Xia,Raid Karoumi,Tian Zhang,Xiaozhen Li 한국풍공학회 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.20 No.2

For high-speed railways (HSR) in wind prone regions, wind barriers are often installed onbridges to ensure the running safety of trains. This paper analyzes the effect of wind barriers on the runningsafety of a high-speed train to cross winds when it passes on a bridge. Two simply-supported (S-S) PCbridges in China, one with 32 m box beams and the other with 16 m trough beams, are selected to performthe dynamic analyses. The bridges are modeled by 3-D finite elements and each vehicle in a train by amulti-rigid-body system connected with suspension springs and dashpots. The wind excitations on the trainvehicles and the bridges are numerically simulated, using the static tri-component coefficients obtained froma wind tunnel test, taking into account the effects of wind barriers, train speed and the spatial correlationwith wind forces on the deck. The whole histories of a train passing over the two bridges under strong crosswinds are simulated and compared, considering variations of wind velocities, train speeds and without orwith wind barriers. The threshold curves of wind velocity for train running safety on the two bridges arecompared, from which the windbreak effect of the wind barrier are evaluated, based on which a beamstructure with better performance is recommended.

Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Weiwei Xu,Jinzhong Niu,Guimin Tian,Xinghui Wu,Yongguang Cheng,Xiaoyang Hu,Haoshan Hao 대한화학회 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80–150 nm and length up to 1.2–2.4 μm are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid promotes plant growth and salinity tolerance of grape rootstocks in coastal areas

Zheng Weiwei,Tian Yuting,Shi Haili,Chen Miaomiao,Hong Seungbeom,Xu Kai,Cheng Jianhui,Zang Yunxiang 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2

Salinity stress is a key factor aff ecting grape production in coastal areas. Two grape rootstock cultivars, ‘Beta’ (sensitive to salt stress) and ‘3309 C’ (resistant to salt stress), were used to investigate the physiological role of 5-aminolevlinic acid (5-ALA) in salinity tolerance. Functional capacities in the rhizosphere, leaf phenotype, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzymes activities and certain physiological indexes were determined after treatment with seawater or seawa- ter followed by 100 mg/L 5-ALA application. The results showed that the functional capacities of the rhizosphere were distinct between the two management regimes. Microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities were reduced by salinity but promoted by 5-ALA. Salinity also suppressed the overall plant growth, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, maxi- mal photochemical effi ciency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), electron transport rate (ETR), root activity, ATP content, ATPase activity, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), cata- lase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both cultivars. Although plant growth, chlorophyll content, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in Beta were decreased to a greater extent than those in 3309 C under salinity stress, exogenous application of 5-ALA signifi cantly improved plant growth along with enhancement of all the above photosynthetic param- eters and activities of the four antioxidant enzymes in both cultivars. Seawater treatment alone signifi cantly increased non- photochemical quenching (NPQ), relative electrical conductivity (REC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in leaves, especially for Beta. However, 5-ALA treatment decreased the levels of NPQ, REC, and MDA, but increased ATP content and ATPase activity in roots and leaves of both cultivars. Thus, application of 5-ALA would be benefi cial to improve the salt tolerance of grape rootstocks grown in coastal areas.

Honeypot game‐theoretical model for defending against APT attacks with limited resources in cyber‐physical systems

Wen Tian,Xiaopeng Ji,Weiwei Liu,Jiangztao Zhai,Guangjie Liu,Yauwei Dai,Shuhua Huang 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.5

A cyber‐physical system (CPS) is a new mechanism controlled or monitored by computer algorithms that intertwine physical and software components. Advanced persistent threats (APTs) represent stealthy, powerful, and well‐funded attacks against CPSs; they integrate physical processes and have recently become an active research area. Existing offensive and defensive processes for APTs in CPSs are usually modeled by incomplete information game theory. However, honeypots, which are effective security vulnerability defense mechanisms, have not been widely adopted or modeled for defense against APT attacks in CPSs. In this study, a honeypot game‐theoretical model considering both low‐ and high‐interaction modes is used to investigate the offensive and defensive interactions, so that defensive strategies against APTs can be optimized. In this model, human analysis and honeypot allocation costs are introduced as limited resources. We prove the existence of Bayesian Nash equilibrium strategies and obtain the optimal defensive strategy under limited resources. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in obtaining the optimal defensive effect.

Origin of Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting in Mixed Perovskite Oxides

Li, Weiwei,Jiang, Kai,Li, Zhongguo,Gong, Shijing,Hoye, Robert L. Z.,Hu, Zhigao,Song, Yinglin,Tian, Chuanmu,Kim, Jongkyoung,Zhang, Kelvin H. L.,Cho, Seungho,MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L. Wiley (John WileySons) 2018 ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS Vol.8 No.31

Curcumin protects against the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury: involvement of the tight junction protein ZO-1 and TNF-α related mechanism

Shuying Tian,Ruixue Guo,Sichen Wei,Yu Kong,Xinliang Wei,Weiwei Wang,Xiaomeng Shi,Hongyu Jiang 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.2

Present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin-pretreatment on intestinal I/R injury and on intestinal mucosa barrier. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into: sham, I/R, and curcumin groups (n=10). Animals in curcumin group were pretreated with curcumin by gastric gavage (200 mg/kg) for 2 days before I/R. Small intestine tissues were prepared for Haematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were measured. Expression of intestinal TNF-α and tight junction protein (ZO-1) proteins was detected by Western blot and/or immunohistochemistry. Serum DAO level and serum and intestinal TNF-α leves were significantly increased after I/R, and the values were markedly reduced by curcumin pretreatment although still higher than that of sham group (p<0.05 or p<0.001). H&E staining showed the significant injury to intestinal mucosa following I/R, and curcumin pretreatment significantly improved the histological structure of intestinal mucosa. I/R insult also induced significantly down-regulated expression of ZO-1, and the effect was dramatically attenuated by curcumin-pretreatment. Curcumin may protect the intestine from I/R injury through restoration of the epithelial structure, promotion of the recovery of intestinal permeability, as well as enhancement of ZO-1 protein expression, and this effect may be partly attributed to the TNF-α related pathway.

Aerodynamic effect of wind barriers and running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges under cross winds

Guo, Weiwei,Xia, He,Karoumi, Raid,Zhang, Tian,Li, Xiaozhen Techno-Press 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.20 No.2

For high-speed railways (HSR) in wind prone regions, wind barriers are often installed on bridges to ensure the running safety of trains. This paper analyzes the effect of wind barriers on the running safety of a high-speed train to cross winds when it passes on a bridge. Two simply-supported (S-S) PC bridges in China, one with 32 m box beams and the other with 16 m trough beams, are selected to perform the dynamic analyses. The bridges are modeled by 3-D finite elements and each vehicle in a train by a multi-rigid-body system connected with suspension springs and dashpots. The wind excitations on the train vehicles and the bridges are numerically simulated, using the static tri-component coefficients obtained from a wind tunnel test, taking into account the effects of wind barriers, train speed and the spatial correlation with wind forces on the deck. The whole histories of a train passing over the two bridges under strong cross winds are simulated and compared, considering variations of wind velocities, train speeds and without or with wind barriers. The threshold curves of wind velocity for train running safety on the two bridges are compared, from which the windbreak effect of the wind barrier are evaluated, based on which a beam structure with better performance is recommended.

Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Xu, Weiwei,Niu, Jinzhong,Zheng, Shuang,Tian, Guimin,Wu, Xinghui,Cheng, Yongguang,Hu, Xiaoyang,Liu, Shuaishuai,Hao, Haoshan Korean Chemical Society 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80-150 nm and length up to $1.2-2.4{\mu}m$ are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Exploiting Correlation Characteristics to Detect Covert digital communication

( Shuhua Huang ),( Weiwei Liu ),( Guangjie Liu ),( Yuewei Dai ),( Wen Tian ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.8

As a widely used way to exfiltrate information, wireless covert channel (WCC) brings a serious threat to communication security, which enables the wireless communication process to bypass the authorized access control mechanism to disclose information. Unlike the covert channel on the network layer, wireless covert channels on the physical layer (WCC-P) is a new covert communication mode to implement and improve covert wireless communication. Existing WCC-P scheme modulates the secret message bits into the Gaussian noise, which is also called covert digital communication system based on the joint normal distribution (CJND). Finding the existence of this type of covert channel remains a challenging work due to its high undetectability. In this paper, we exploit the square autocorrelation coefficient (SAC) characteristic of the CJND signal to distinguish the covert communication from legitimate communication. We study the sharp increase of the SAC value when the offset is equal to the symbol length, which is caused by embedding secret information. Then, the SAC value of the measured sample is compared with the threshold value to determine whether the measured sample is CJND sample. When the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 20db, the detection accuracy can reach more than 90%.