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The Revision of Japan’s National Guidelines for Care and Education at Day Nursery and Its Problems
Takeo Shishido 육아정책연구소 2008 International Journal of Child Care and Education Vol.2 No.1
This article is written to introduce the main contents of the revised National Guidelines for Care and Education at Day Nursery (henceforth New Guidelines), which were recently announced by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW), and the challenges associated with these New Guidelines. The National Guidelines for Care and Education at Day Nursery is the national curriculum for Japan’s day nurseries, an official educational institution for preschools and kindergartens under the authority of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MECST). The New Guidelines are the fourth revised edition of such a curriculum. Unlike the previously issued guidelines, the New Guidelines, which were publicly announced by the Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare, are legally binding as a minimum standard for child care and education. This article is focused on introducing (a) roles of day nurseries, (b) child care and education, (c) promotion of food education, (d) plans and evaluations of child care and education, and (e) transition from preschool to elementary school. Some additional points worthy of consideration, such as minimum standards for day nurseries, plans and self-evaluation of child care and education, problems of child care and education plans, and parental involvement are also included in this article. It is recommended the New Guidelines not be regarded as being faultless. Rather, positive efforts should be made based on the practices and studies of child care and education to improve the Guidelines in accordance with social trends.
Takeo Horiguchi,Ai Harada,Susumu Ohtsuka,Ho Youn Soh,Yang Ho Yoon 한국조류학회I 2004 ALGAE Vol.19 No.3
An ectoparasitic dinoflagellate infesting planktonic chaetognath, Sagitta crassa Tokioka was found, for the first time, from Korean coasts. In order to identify the species, we investigated detailed morphology of the dinoflagellate using Nomarski interferance optics as well as epifluorescent microscopes. The parasitic dinoflagellate consists of an oval to rod-shaped cell with a peduncle, by which the organism attaches to the host. The cell is covered with polygonal thecal plates. The nucleus displays two different shapes according to cell cycle stages: in young trophont the nucleus is elongated and shows typical dinoflagellate nucleus (dinokaryon), while in matured trophont, the nucleus is dome-shaped and non-dinokaryotic. The peduncle is variable in length and is ornamented with the longitudinal striations. All these characteristics point to identity that the ectoparasitic dinoflagellate infecting Sagitta crassa in Korean coasts is Oodinium inlandicum Horiguchi et Ohtsuka, originally described from the Seto Inland Sea of Japan. Relationship between prevalence and host sizes differed from those in Japan.
DEREGULATION AND JAPAN'S INDUSTRY : THE CASE OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
Takeo Kikkawa 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2000 Global economic review Vol.29 No.3
Currently, most of Japan's regulated industries are in a bottleneck situation characterized by the combination of on-going deregulation with no progress being witnessed in the series of radical reform. In trying to break away from this bottleneck situation neither calling off the on-going deregulation, Policy A, nor continuing to endorse the common assumption that 'it is sufficient if a semblance of deregulation is achieved,' Policy B, is desirable. Policy A ignores the aspect of industrial regulation causing the industry's fragility, the mutually amplifying effect while Policy B makes light of the aspect of industry fragility conversely generating government involvement.