A New Algorithm for Maneuvering Targets Tracking

Tai Fan Quan,Cheng Ge Zone,Ru Zang 대한전자공학회 1991 International Conference on Electronics, Informati Vol.1 No.1

Chaotic Sea Clutter Prediction With A New Layered Inter Neural-fuzzy Fusion System

Quan Tai Fan,Dong Hua Chun,Zhou Bin 대한전자공학회 1998 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1

소셜 커머스(Social Commerce)에서 사용자 만족에 영향을 주는 요인에 관한 연구 ‐정보시스템 관점에서

김태범(Tai Fan Jin),성백서(Baek seo Seong) 건국대학교 경제경영연구소 2012 商經硏究 Vol.2016 No.2

본 연구에서는 소셜 커머스(SC: Social Commerce) 이용 과정에서 어떠한 품질 요인들이 사용자 만족에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 알아본다. 다양한 문헌연구를 통하여 크게 시스템 품질, 정보품질, 서비스품질 요인들로 연구모형이 구성되었고, 그 결과 시스템 품질은 효율성, 이용용이성, 안정성이, 정보 품질은 정확성, 이해용이성이, 서비스 품질은 확신성, 반응성, 공감성의 세부 요인들이 사용자 만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 SC 업체(특히 외식업체의 경우에 더욱 그러하다)가 성과를 기대하기 위해서는 효율성, 이용용이성, 안정성, 정확성, 이해용이성, 확신성, 반응성, 공감성 등에 대한 효율적 운영이 필요하다. This study considers what quality factors impact user satisfaction in Social Commerce (SC: Social Commerce). Through intensive literature reviews, quality factors are grouped into 3 categories: SC system quality, information quality, and service quality. Finally, as detailed sub factors, efficiency, ease of use, stability in system quality, accuracy, ease of understanding in information quality, and assurance, responsiveness, empathy in service quality are shown to affect user satisfaction. We can conclude that SC(eating out business is especially so) firms need to operate efficiently in these factors, that is, system efficiency, system reliability, ease of system use, information accuracy, and ease of understanding, service assurance, responsiveness, and empathy.

Effects of rice straw fermented with spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrates on milking performance in Alpine dairy goats

Fan Geng-Jen,Chen Mei-Hsing,Lee Churng-Faung,Yu Bi,Lee Tzu Tai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.7

Objective: To improve the feeding value of rice straw (RS), this study evaluated the potential of rice straw fermented with Pleurotus sajor-caju (FRS) as dairy goat feed. Methods: Spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrate was used as fungi inoculum to break the lignocellulose linkage of rice straw, which was solid-fermented at 25°C to 30°C for 8 weeks. The ruminal degradation of pangolagrass hay (PG), FRS, and RS were measured in situ for 96 hours in three dry Holstein cows, respectively. Effect of fungi fermented RS on milking performance was studied in feeding trials. A total of 21 Alpine goats a trial were divided into 3 groups: a control group in which PG accounted for 15% of the diet dry matter, and FRS or RS was used to replace the PG in the control group. Goats were fed twice a day under two 28-day trial in individual pens. Meanwhile, a 3×3 Latin square trial (14 days/period) was conducted to study the rumen digestion of three diets by using three fistulated dry goats. Rumen contents were collected for metabolite analyses every one to three hours on the last two days. Results: In situ study showed that fermentation could elevate the rumen degradable fraction and effective degradability of RS (p<0.05). Effective degradability of FRS dry matter was significantly increased from 29.5% of RS to 41.7%. Lactating trial results showed that dry matter intake and milk yield in the PG group and FRS group were similar and higher than those in RS group (p<0.05). The concentration of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acid in the RS group tended to be lower than those in PG group (p<0.10). There were no differences in rumen pH value and ammonia nitrogen level among the groups tested. Conclusion: Fermentation of rice straw by spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrate could substantially enhance its feeding value to be equivalent to PG as an effective fiber source for dairy goat. The fermented rice straw is recommended to account for 15% in diet dry matter. Objective: To improve the feeding value of rice straw (RS), this study evaluated the potential of rice straw fermented with <i>Pleurotus sajor-caju</i> (FRS) as dairy goat feed.Methods: Spent <i>Pleurotus sajor-caju</i> mushroom substrate was used as fungi inoculum to break the lignocellulose linkage of rice straw, which was solid-fermented at 25°C to 30°C for 8 weeks. The ruminal degradation of pangolagrass hay (PG), FRS, and RS were measured <i>in situ</i> for 96 hours in three dry Holstein cows, respectively. Effect of fungi fermented RS on milking performance was studied in feeding trials. A total of 21 Alpine goats a trial were divided into 3 groups: a control group in which PG accounted for 15% of the diet dry matter, and FRS or RS was used to replace the PG in the control group. Goats were fed twice a day under two 28-day trial in individual pens. Meanwhile, a 3×3 Latin square trial (14 days/period) was conducted to study the rumen digestion of three diets by using three fistulated dry goats. Rumen contents were collected for metabolite analyses every one to three hours on the last two days.Results: <i>In situ</i> study showed that fermentation could elevate the rumen degradable fraction and effective degradability of RS (p<0.05). Effective degradability of FRS dry matter was significantly increased from 29.5% of RS to 41.7%. Lactating trial results showed that dry matter intake and milk yield in the PG group and FRS group were similar and higher than those in RS group (p<0.05). The concentration of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acid in the RS group tended to be lower than those in PG group (p<0.10). There were no differences in rumen pH value and ammonia nitrogen level among the groups tested.Conclusion: Fermentation of rice straw by spent <i>Pleurotus sajor-caju</i> mushroom substrate could substantially enhance its feeding value to be equivalent to PG as an effective fiber source for dairy goat. The fermented rice straw is recommended to account for 15% in diet dry matter.

Effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of Leghorn layers

Fan Geng-Jen,Shih Bor-Ling,Lin Hui-Chiu,Lee Tzu Tai,Lee Churng-Faung,Lin Yih-Fwu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.3

Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers. Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloricisonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks. Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer’s acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups. Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers. Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers.Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks.Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer’s acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups.Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers.

The Inhibitory Effect of Ginseng Pectin on L-929 Cell Migration

Yuying Fan,Hairong Cheng,Dan Liu,Xu Zhang,Bo Wang,Lin Sun,Guihua Tai,Yifa Zhou 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.5

We tested the effects of ginseng pectin prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of ginseng polysaccharides on cell migration. Ginseng pectin impaired the migration of L-929 cells and reduced their migration speed by up to 50% of control in the presence or absence of serum, suggesting it worked on both serum-dependent and serum-independent migration pathways. Ginseng pectin impaired cell migration via decreased cell spreading. These findings represent a significant contribution towards understanding the bioactivities of ginseng polysaccharides and applying them to health food and medicine.

A homogenization approach for uncertainty quantification of deflection in reinforced concrete beams considering microstructural variability

김정중,Tai Fan,Mahmoud M. Reda Taha 국제구조공학회 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.38 No.4

Uncertainty in concrete properties, including concrete modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture, are predicted by developing a microstructural homogenization model. The homogenization model is developed by analyzing a concrete representative volume element (RVE) using the finite element (FE)method. The concrete RVE considers concrete as a three phase composite material including: cement paste, aggregate and interfacial transition zone (ITZ). The homogenization model allows for considering two sources of variability in concrete, randomly dispersed aggregates in the concrete matrix and uncertain mechanical properties of composite phases of concrete. Using the proposed homogenization technique, the uncertainty in concrete modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture (described by numerical cumulative probability density function) are determined. Deflection uncertainty of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, propagated from uncertainties in concrete properties, is quantified using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Cracked plane frame analysis is used to account for tension stiffening in concrete. Concrete homogenization enables a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between concrete materials and structural modeling, which is necessary for realistic serviceability prediction.

汉语的外來洞与韩汉洞汇小考

韓容洙,范開泰 中韓人文科學硏究會 2007 한중인문학연구 Vol.22 No.-

중국어에는 다양한 지역에서 유입된 외래어가 이제는 중국어와 함께 많이 사용되어지고 있다. 고래로 부터 유입된 외래어는 주변국 뿐 아니라 먼 서양의 언어까지 다양하게 포함하고 있어 이것은 지금까지 이루어지고 있는 문화교류의 산물이라고 할 수 있다. 다민족 국가인 중국과 단일민족의 한국은 서로 다른 교류를 통해 그들의 문화를 이루어 왔다. 이런 문화를 유지 발전시키고 있는 요인 가운데 하나가 어휘인데, 양 국가 간의 어휘를 통해 지금 사용하고 있는 어휘가 과연 어디에서 온 것인지를 살펴본다. 동양문화가 이루어 온 융합성 즉 동양문화는 같은 문화권을 형성하고 있으면서 다원적인 관계를 통해 융합하고 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 문화의 중요매체인 언어는 물질문화의 성과를 보여주었고 제도와 사상문화를 이루게 하였다. 언어는 문화의 매개물인 메신저 역할을 톡톡히 한다. 때문에 특수한 ‘코드능력’을 가지고 있다. 이런 코드 능력은 사물의 지칭과 사물의 진술을 나타나게 하였고 사람의 감정태도의 표현을 나타나게 하였다. 중국어에는 문화교류의 각도에서 볼 수 있는 많은 외래어가 생겨났다. 그중에는 외부와의 교류가 빈번해지면서 다양한 외래어가 나타났는데 이중에는 한국어 어휘의 사용은 특이할 만 하다. 특히 20세기에 들어서 많은 한국인들의 이동으로 중국에서도 한국어 외래어를 사용하고 있다. 그것은 그 음을 그대로 전달하고 있는 것에서부터 한자음을 전달하는 것 등의 다양한 어휘가 있다. 반대로 한국에서 사용하고 있는 중국어는 예로부터 교류로 인해 그 영향이 많은 바 한국어휘의 대다수인 한자어를 통해 그 언어성분으로 한국어와 비교해 본다. 중국어에서의 한국어와 한국어에서의 중국어의 연구는 문화언어교류의 언어비교연구를 넘어서 비교언어학의 방법을 통해 연구해야 할 것이다. 지금까지 한중양국의 학자들은 이 문제에 대해 연구가 부족했기에 앞으로 이것을 기점으로 다양한 관점에서의 분석과 토론이 이루어지리라 여긴다. Korea and China, Both countries differ from the kind of their national races, one has composed of one racial group, another has composed of many multiracial groups. Their cultures have been well developed in their own ways. When being considered in one of the driving forces of their growth, it would be found in the fact that they have been using their own languages with many vocabularies. This paper focuses on the commonness and diversity in their vocabularies in order better to understand their cultures. The eastern cultures in both Korea and China have drawn the same cultual boundary that made their cultures constituted the harmonious union for a long time. The cultural interchange between two nations was very activated so that it could be deeply related and communicated in various directions. The Language as an expression of human being is one of the medium of communication with different cultures. Language also has shown the consequence of material civilization and pushed forward the advance in cultures. Language playes an important role in a medium to have the communication among the diversities. It has the great capability to be appeared in accordance among people's different minds and opinions. It is called 'Code ability' that makes it possible to have the generalization driven from the particularity. The Code ability accompanied with language could designate things, objectify the phenomenon around the world, and express in human's feeling and mind. Chinese language happened the form of words from foreign languages through the process in cultural exchange. The use of Korean in modern china has peculiar characteristics in the vocabularies due to an inflow of Korean people in the 20th century. There are the variety from the pronunciation to the expression in Chinese characters. Korean language in the other side had been influenced by Chinese because of the exchange in several sides during the long term of the relationship. This paper aims at the comparison between two languages in an approach from the angle of vision with the analysis of components in vocabulary. The study on the vocabulary in Korean and Chinese should be done by the method of comparative philology. So far, the linguists in both countries has neglected the problem on this. Therefore, the study has to make the progress in the various ways of the dispute and analysis with comparative philology.

Vibration response analysis caused by rubbing between rotating blade and casing

Hui Ma,Fanli Yin,Xingyu Tai,Di Wang,Bang-chun Wen 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.5

Two types of blade-tip rubbing due to the static misalignment of the bladed-disk center and casing center and casing deformation are simulated. By applying aerodynamic load in the blade lateral/flexural direction, vibration responses due to blade-casing rubbing are analyzed under the run-up process with constant angular acceleration and the steady-state process at 10000 rev/min. The effects of some parameters, such as the static misalignment e c , casing stiffness k c and casing deformation n p , on the system vibration responses are also illustrated by spectrum cascades, time-domain waveforms of displacement, normal rubbing forces, amplitude spectra and the impulse P in a single blade-casing rubbing period. The results show that blade-tip rubbing will cause amplitude amplification and harmonic resonance phenomena when the multiple frequencies (nf r ) of rotational frequency (f r ) coincide with the first three flexural dynamic frequencies of the blade (f n1 , f n2 and f n3 ). For example, the displacement amplitudes at 3f r , 14f r and 38f r are large and the vibration is dominant near f n1 . In addition, the casing deformation mainly excites the dominant Blade passing frequency (BPF), which is related to the casing deformation coefficient n p . By comparing these impulse values, for the selected parameters in this paper, the casing stiffness has a greater effect on impulse than the static misalignment and casing deformation coefficient. The impulse shows a linear increase trend with the increasing static misalignment, and it decreases under the large n p because the contact time decreases with the increase of n p .

Re-approaching Universal Welfare

Yang Yi-Fan,Xiao Tai-Xi 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2011 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.2 No.1

Along with China's in-depth development of reform, it has become difficult to effectively deal with the increasingly austere social risks in the countryside and meet the aged residents’pressing demands of a pension guarantee. This article seeks to shed light on the development of the Chinese rural pension policy from a growing body of literature. This article argues that the rise of the new rural pension scheme is directly related to the emerging ideas of “social security for all”, which abandons the previous policy idea that farmers could still rely on their land and family supplemented by private commercial insurance. However, even though the state has become more involved with this issue, the old-age security of farmers in rural China is still standing on very thin ice and the prospect for further more active state involvement in long run remains ambiguous due to many restrictive conditions. There should be more attention to crucial groups including those households that practice family planning by having only one child or two girls, the elderly, and households with no children, and concentrate on some policy instruments like old-age allowances, micro-insurance and tax-free saving plans for the aged. All in all, the target is to make the rural social old-age security system match with the traditional family protection, collective mutual aid organizations so as to construct Chinese characteristics of multi-level old-age security system between rural and urban areas.