서해안 일부(서산, 태안)해안의 퇴적물 및 패류중 중금속 함량

홍태기,함태식 한서대학교 산학협력연구원 부설 환경연구소 1999 환경연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

본 조사에서 퇴적물과 패류 시료는 서해안 일부(서산, 태안) 연안에서 채취되었고, 이 시료 중 존재하는 구리, 납, 카드뮴 및 크롬의 함량을 분석하기 위해 원자흡광광도법과 양극 벗김 전압전류법을 사용하였다. 얻어진 결과는 이 지역의 중금속의 오염 상태가 염려할 상태는 아님을 보여주고 있으며 다른 지역에서 얻어진 값들과 비교하였으며, 또한 다른 나라의 수산물 중 중금속의 허용 규제치와도 비교하였다. In this survey samples of sediment and shellfish were collected along the western coast (Seosan. Taean) and analyzed for copper, lead. Cadmium and Chromium by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and anodic stripping voltammetry. The obtained results showed no significant heavy metal pollution in the studied area. compared with values found in literature for metal concentrations in other part of our country and those restricted by law in other part of the world.

A Study of a Diet Improvement Method for Controlling High Sodium Intake Based on Protective Motivation Theory

Tae-Shik Hahm,Sung-Hee Choi,Tae-Yeon Lee 한국식품위생안전성학회 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.2

고염식식습관은 다양한 질병을 일으키고 공중보건을 위협할 수 있다. 그 동안 고염식식습관을 통제하기 위한 다양한 시도가 이루어져 왔으나 건강커뮤니케이션을 통해 고염식식습관을 변화시킬 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 아직 이루어지지 못하였다. 본 연구는 고염식의위험성과 식습관의 통제가능성에 대한 인식이 고염식식습관을 얼마나 예측하는지를 검토함으로써 식습관 개선 교육을 위한 시 사점을 찾고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 보호동기 이론의 하위요인인심각성, 취약성, 효율성, 효능 및 행동 경향을 측정하기 위한 설문지를 개발하였으며 설 문지를 충남소재 대학의 대학생들과 그들의 가족을 대상 으로 배포하였다. 설문결과를 SPSS프로그램으로 분석한 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청년층은 장년층보다 나 트륨섭취가 더 많았다. 둘째, 상관관계분석에서 장년층은 고염식으로 인한 위험에 취약하다는 것을 알고 있지만 고 염식을 억제할 수 있다고 확신할 때 까지는 식습관을 바꾸지 않는다. 셋째, 구조모델분석에 따르면 대처지각이 높을수록 고염식식습관의 경향성이 낮아지는 경향을 보인다. 이 결과는 고염식식습관을 줄이기 위해서는 실행 가능한 정보를 제공하고 저염식을 하였을 때 어떤 변화가 발생하는지를 인식 시킴으로써 대처지각을 높이는 방안이 더 효과적임을 시사한다. High sodium dietary habits may cause various diseases, thereby threatening the public health. Various efforts have been made to control high sodium use in diets, but few studies have been conducted on health communication efforts to modify such habits. This study looks for suggestions for diet improvement education by examining whether or not high sodium dietary habits can be predicted by a consumer’s perception on the threat and controllability of high sodium diets. In this study, a questionnaire was developed to measure the severity, vulnerability, efficiency, efficacy, and behavioral tendencies of the consumer, which were subscales of the protective motivation theory. The questionnaire was given to university students and their families in Chungnam Province. The results of a statistical analysis were as follows: First, more young people preferred high-sodium diets than older people. Second, the correlation analysis showed that older people knew that they were vulnerable to the negative effects of high sodium diets, but they would not change their dietary habits until they were confident that they could control the high-sodium diet. Third, the structural model analysis showed that the higher the coping perception was, the lower was the tendency to consume a high-sodium diet. These results suggest that in the effort to reduce high-sodium diets, it is more effective to provide viable information and improve efficacy.

A Study of a Diet Improvement Method for Controlling High Sodium Intake Based on Protective Motivation Theory

Hahm, Tae-Shik,Choi, Sung-Hee,Lee, Tae-Yeon The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.2

고염식식습관은 다양한 질병을 일으키고 공중보건을 위협할 수 있다. 그 동안 고염식식습관을 통제하기 위한 다양한 시도가 이루어져 왔으나 건강커뮤니케이션을 통해 고염식식습관을 변화시킬 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 아직 이루어지지 못하였다. 본 연구는 고염식의위험성과 식습관의 통제가능성에 대한 인식이 고염식식습관을 얼마나 예측하는지를 검토함으로써 식습관 개선 교육을 위한 시사점을 찾고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 보호동기 이론의 하위요인인심각성, 취약성, 효율성, 효능 및 행동 경향을 측정하기 위한 설문지를 개발하였으며 설문지를 충남소재 대학의 대학생들과 그들의 가족을 대상으로 배포하였다. 설문결과를 SPSS프로그램으로 분석한 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청년층은 장년층보다 나트륨섭취가 더 많았다. 둘째, 상관관계분석에서 장년층은 고염식으로 인한 위험에 취약하다는 것을 알고 있지만 고염식을 억제할 수 있다고 확신할 때 까지는 식습관을 바꾸지 않는다. 셋째, 구조모델분석에 따르면 대처지각이 높을수록 고염식식습관의 경향성이 낮아지는 경향을 보인다. 이 결과는 고염식식습관을 줄이기 위해서는 실행 가능한 정보를 제공하고 저염식을 하였을 때 어떤 변화가 발생하는지를 인식 시킴으로써 대처지각을 높이는 방안이 더 효과적임을 시사한다. High sodium dietary habits may cause various diseases, thereby threatening the public health. Various efforts have been made to control high sodium use in diets, but few studies have been conducted on health communication efforts to modify such habits. This study looks for suggestions for diet improvement education by examining whether or not high sodium dietary habits can be predicted by a consumer's perception on the threat and controllability of high sodium diets. In this study, a questionnaire was developed to measure the severity, vulnerability, efficiency, efficacy, and behavioral tendencies of the consumer, which were subscales of the protective motivation theory. The questionnaire was given to university students and their families in Chungnam Province. The results of a statistical analysis were as follows: First, more young people preferred high-sodium diets than older people. Second, the correlation analysis showed that older people knew that they were vulnerable to the negative effects of high sodium diets, but they would not change their dietary habits until they were confident that they could control the high-sodium diet. Third, the structural model analysis showed that the higher the coping perception was, the lower was the tendency to consume a high-sodium diet. These results suggest that in the effort to reduce high-sodium diets, it is more effective to provide viable information and improve efficacy.

Influence of Gas Transfer Velocity Parameterization on Air-Sea $CO_2$ Exchange in the East (Japan) Sea

Hahm, Do-Shik,Rhee, Tae-Siek,Kang, Dong-Jin,Kim, Kyung-Ryul The Korean Society of Oceanography 2003 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.38 No.3

Gas flux across the air-sea interface is often determined by the product of gas transfer velocity k) and the difference of concentrations in water and air. k is primarily controlled by wind stress on the air-sea interface, thus all parameterizations ofk involve wind speed, a rough indicator of wind stress, as one of the independent variables. We attempted to explore the spatial and temporal variations of k in the East (Japan) Sea using a database from Naet al. (1992). Three different parameterizations were employed: those of Liss and Merlivat (1986), Wanninkhof(1992), and Wanninkhofand McGillis (1999). The strong non-linear dependence of k on wind speed in all parameterizations leads us to examine the effect of time resolution, in which the binned wind speeds are averaged, on the estimation ofk. Two time resolutions of 12 hours (short-term) and one month (long-term) were chosen. The mean wind speeds were fed into the given parameterizations, resulting in six different transfer velocities of $CO_2$ ranging from 12 to 32 cm/h. In addition to the threefold difference depending on the choice of parameterization, the long-term average of wind speed results in a value ofk up to 20% higher than the short-term (12 hours) average of wind speed due to the non-Rayleigh wind distribution in the East (Japan) Sea. While it is not known which parameterization is more reliable, this study proposes that the time-averaged wind speed should not be used in areas where non-Ralyleigh wind distribution prevails such as the East (Japan) Sea. The net annual $CO_2$ flux was estimated using the value of k described above and the monthly ${\Delta}fCO_2$ of Oh et al. (1999); this ranges from 0.034 to 0.11 Gt-C/yr.

Effects of Initial Peroxide Contents on the Oxidative Stability of Soybean Oil to Prevent Environmental Pollution

함태식 한서대학교 산학협력연구원 부설 환경연구소 1988 환경연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

과산화물가가 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 과 10인 대두유를 조제하였다. 시료 15mL를 35mL의 병에 옮기고 공기가 들어가지 않도록 테플론 마개와 알루미늄뚜껑으로 막았다. 시료는 55℃의 오븐에 6일간 저장하면서 매일 산화안정성을 측정하였다. 산화정도의 측정은 시료병 안의 공기중 산소감소량과 휘발성물질의 양을 측정하였으며 가스크로마토그래피로 측정하였다. 초기의 과산화물가가 0에서부터 10으로 증가할수록 시료병 내의 산소는 감소하였으며 휘발성물질의 양은 중가 하였다. 초기과산화물가 8에 TBHQ 100ppm을 첨가한 시료보다 산화안정성이 더 강하였다. 초기과산화물가 8에 TBHQ 50ppm을 첨가한 시료가 과산화물이 없고 TBHQ가 첨가되지 않은 시료보다 산화안정성이 더 강하였다. 모든 결과는 P<0.05의 값을 보였다. Soybean oils having peroxide values (pv) of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 were prepared in duplicate. Fifteen milliliters of sample were transferred into a 35mL serum bottle and sealed air-tight with Teflon septum and aluminum cap. The samples were stored in an air-forced oven at 55℃ and the oxidative stability of oil was evaluated daily for 6 days by measuring the oxygen content and volatile compounds in the headspace of bottle by gas chromatography. As the initial peroxide contents of oil increased from 0 to 10 pv, headspace oxygen decreased and volatile compounds increased significantly at P<0.05. The effects of 50 and 100ppm TBHQ on the oxidative stability of soybean oil having 4 or 8 pv indicated that the oxidative stability of oil having 4 pv and 50 ppm TBHQ was better than the oil having 8 pv and 100ppm TBHQ. The oil of 8 pv and 50ppm TBHQ had better oxidative stability than the control oil having no peroxides and no TBHQ at P<0.05.

중추성 요붕증과 신경 뇌하수체의 결절성 종괴를 보였던 림프구성 누두신경 뇌사수체염(Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis) 1 예

강태욱,김지향,양태영,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,정인경,조건영,함종열,서연림 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.2

Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis was known as a cause of idiopathic central diabetes insipidus. Until recent time, it is characterized into two groups. One has thickening of the pitutitary stalk, enlargement of the neurohypophysis and loss of hyperintense signal of the normal neurohypophysis, the other has only loss of hyperintense signal but not morphological change. A 51-year-old man presented with a one month history of polydipsia and polyuria. The interpretation of water deprivation test was compatible with complete central diabetes insipidus. Endocrinologic examination of the adenohypophysis hormones and its triple stimulation test were normal apart from thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which showed low response despite thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). Sellar MRI scan disclosed an loss of hyperintense singnal of normal neurohypophysis and about 10 mm-sized nodular mass lesion on neurohypophysis. However, thickness of the pituitary stalk was normal. Pathologic examination demonstrated diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells. No adenomas, menigitis, sarcoidosis or granulomas were present. We supposed that this case was an atypical type of lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis, which did not belong to any other part of two groups described above.(Korean J Med 61:168-172, 2001)

에나멜 상피종성 및 유두상 두개인두종의 임상상과 자기공명영상 ( MRI ) 소견의 비교

강태욱,양태영,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,김종현,나동규,정인경,함종렬,권성욱,조건영,이지민,배문희,서연림,유재욱 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.2

Background : Craniopharyngioma is a suprasellar or intrasellar epithelial neoplasm that occurs in both children and adults. It accounts for 1.2 to 3 % of intracranial tumors with an incidence of 0.5 to 2 cases per one million populations each year. Recently, it has been postulated that it may have two pathogenetically separate subtypes, which are adamantinous and papillary craniopharyngioma, and that their clinical features may be different. However, there are some disagreements in this postulation. Therefore, we studied 22 consecutive patients with craniopharyngioma to evaluate the differences in clinical features and MRI findings between two subtypes. Methods : We studied 22 patients with histologically proven craniopharyngioma after surgery at Samsung Medical center from 1995 to 1999. Thirteen patients were male, and nine patients were female. The average age was 30 years, with a range from 1 to 58 years. We divided 22 patients into two histopathologically separate subtypes; adamantinous and papillary subtypes. We compared the clinical features and MRI findings of two subtypes by reviewing medical records. Results : Out of 22 patients with craniopharyngioma, 19 patients had an adamantinous subtype and 3 patients had a papillary subtype. The adamantinous subtype occurred frequently in the fifth decade and below twenty years, while the papillary subtype occurred predominantly in forth and fifth decades. The adamantinous subtype located in suprasellar or intrasellar portion as well as extrasellar portion, while the papillary subtype was restricted to the suprasellar location. The average tumor size of the adamantinous subtype was 3.7 cm, with a range from 1.4 to 6.0 cm, which was larger than that of the papillary subtype (average size 1.8 cm with a range from 1.5 to 2.3 cm, p $lt; 0.05). The adamantinous subtype was predominantly cystic, while the papillary subtype was predominantly solid (p $lt; 0.05). There were no significant differences in the preoperative clinical features and the postoperative complications between two subtypes. Conclusion : The adamantinous subtype had two peaks of occurrence in the fifth decade and below twenty years, while the papillary subtype occurred predominantly in forth and fifth decades. The adamantinous subtype was larger and had cystic portion, while the papillary subtype was smaller and had solid portion. The preoperative clinical features and the postoperative complications between two subtypes seemed not to be different (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 15:170-178, 2000).

<i>Deqi</i> Is Double-Faced: The Acupuncture Practitioner's and the Subject's Perspective

Yin, Chang Shik,Chae, Younbyeong,Kang, O-Seok,Kim, Seung-Tae,Hahm, Dae-Hyun,Park, Ji-Yeun,Lee, Hyejung,Park, Hi-Joon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2015 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. While therapeutic acupuncture perception (<I>deqi</I>) has recently been investigated only for the subject's perception, classical acupuncture discussed acupuncture perception for both the practitioner and the subject. The aim of this study was to explore the practitioner's and the subject's acupuncture perception during acupuncture. <I>Methods</I>. Explorative crossover study to quantitatively document acupuncture perception of both the practitioner and the subject. Eighty-one participants acted as a practitioner or a subject. The practitioner's and the subject's acupuncture perceptions were collected using self-report type checklists. Acupuncture needles were inserted to LI4 or ST36, adopting a four-phase method: insertion into shallow, middle, and deep depths, followed by twirling manipulation. Pain, transmission, dullness, and soreness feelings of the subject and thick, tangled, solid, and empty feelings of the practitioner were analyzed for their correlation. <I>Results</I>. The practitioner's and the subject's perception showed a significant correlation. Acupuncture perception varied over four phases of needling, with a tendency to be rated higher when inserted deep. Perception for LI4 was generally higher than those for ST36. <I>Conclusion</I>. The practitioner's acupuncture perception was successfully documented and analyzed in relation to the subject's acupuncture perception and different needling conditions.</P>

결절성 갑상선질환 환자에서 일상적 혈청 칼시토닌 농도 측정의 중요성

김성훈,양태영,김동준,오은영,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,정인경,함종렬,김병준 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.1

Background : Serum calcitonin is a sensitive and specific marker for diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and its determination leads to accurate preoperative diagnosis and gives chances of definite cure. However, since many non-MTC diseases are also associated with calcitonin elevation, its significance in patients with mild or moderately elevated basal serum calcitonin levels is not clear. Furthermore, the normal value of calcitonin using immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) kit has not so far been definitely ascertained. This study is aimed at assessing the clinical significance of routine measurement of serum basal calcitonin concentration in nodular thyroid disease patients and evaluating the pentagastrin stimulation test in case of mild or moderate elevation of basal calcitonin level. We also measured serum calcitonin value in 408 normal individuals. Methods : The basal serum calcitonin concentrations using a commercial IRMA kit (Medgenix CT-U.S.-IRMA) were measured in 818 patients with nodular thyroid disease (average age 45 years with a range from 13 to 82 years; 125 males and 693 females) who visited thyroid clinics in Samsung Medical Center between June 1997 and December 1998. Serum concentrations of T3, T4, TSH and thyroid autoantibodies were measured and ultrasonography of thyroid and thyroid scan using 131I or 99mTc-pertechnetate were performed in all patients. We also studied 408 healthy subjects without any thyroid disease (average age 48 years with a range from 20 to 86 years; 224 females). Results : The calcitonin value in normal subjects was found to range from 0 to 13 pg/mL, and it was shown that men had higher calcitonin level than women(p $lt; 0.05). The rate of serum calcitonin elevation($gt; 10pg/mL) in nodular thyroid disease was 1.71%(14/818), and the incidence of MTC was 0.73% (6/818) in this study. MTC was found in all patients with basal serum calcitonin levels more than 100 pg/mL. Pentagastrin stimulation test was also required to diagnose MTC in patients with basal serum calcitonin levels between 30 and 100pg/mL. The calcitonin concentration stimulated by pentagastrin increased more than 400pg/mL or more than 3.8 times of basal concentration. It was possible to diagnose MTC with fine needle aspiration and cytology in only one case out of six patients with MTC. Conclusion : Fine needle aspiration and cytology in diagnosing MTC was not sensitive and not devoid of false positive results. We confirmed that serum calcitonin measurement was very useful means for the preoperative diagnosis of unsuspected MTC. Pentagastrin stimulation test may be a reliable means of evaluation in nodular thyroid disease patients with mild or moderate elevation of basal calcitonin level. We recommend routine measurement of serum calcitonin concentration in patients with nodular thyroid disease(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 15:70-84, 2000).

Microencapsulation of Ascorbic Acid in Sucrose and Lactose by Cocrystallization

Suk-Shin Kim,Youn-Jeong Han,Tae-Jeong Hwang,Hoe-Jin Roh,Tae-Shik Hahm,Myung-Sub Chung,Seong-Gyun Shin 한국식품과학회 2001 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.10 No.2