Cross-section classification of elliptical hollow sections

T. M. Chan,L. Gardner 국제구조공학회 2007 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.7 No.3

Tubular construction is widely used in a range of civil and structural engineering applications. To date, the principal product range has comprised square, rectangular and circular hollow sections. However, hot-rolled structural steel elliptical hollow sections have been recently introduced and offer further choice to engineers and architects. Currently though, a lack of fundamental structural performance data and verified structural design guidance is inhibiting uptake. Of fundamental importance to structural metallic design is the concept of cross-section classification. This paper proposes slenderness parameters and a system of cross-section classification limits for elliptical hollow sections, developed on the basis of laboratory tests and numerical simulations. Four classes of cross-sections, namely Class 1 to 4 have been defined with limiting slenderness values. For the special case of elliptical hollow sections with an aspect ratio of unity, consistency with the slenderness limits for circular hollow sections in Eurocode 3 has been achieved. The proposed system of cross-section classification underpins the development of further design guidance for elliptical hollow sections.

Gender-Sensitive Research in a Chinese Community

T.M. Simon Chan,Ian Shaw 한국사회복지학회 2016 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.10 No.1

The aim of this article is to foster an awareness of the need for gender-sensitive research in the context of the methodological and ethical challenges posed by such research. We trace the development of gender sensitivity and masculinity in social work practice and research and connect this to an overview of the issues posed by research on sensitive topics. Reflecting on a research project involving Chinese male sexual abuse survivors, we draw conclusions illustrating and proposing a range of methodological practices and ethical safeguards. We underscore the importance of gender-sensitivity in performing research on sensitive topics with men in a Chinese community

다결정 아연 결정립의 전기화학적 성질에 미치는 결정방위의 영향

박찬진(Chan Jin Park),권혁상(Hyuk Sang Kwon),(M . M . Lohrengel),(T . Hamelmann),(M . Pilaski) 한국부식방식학회 2001 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.30 No.5

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Optimal wind-induced load combinations for structural design of tall buildings

C.M. Chan,F. Ding,K.T. Tse,M.F. Huang,K.M. Shum,K.C.S. Kwok 한국풍공학회 2019 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.29 No.5

Wind tunnel testing technique has been established as a powerful experimental method for predicting wind-induced loads on high-rise buildings. Accurate assessment of the design wind load combinations for tall buildings on the basis of wind tunnel tests is an extremely important and complicated issue. The traditional design practice for determining wind load combinations relies partly on subjective judgments and lacks a systematic and reliable method of evaluating critical load cases. This paper presents a novel optimization-based framework for determining wind tunnel derived load cases for the structural design of wind sensitive tall buildings. The peak factor is used to predict the expected maximum resultant responses from the correlated three-dimensional wind loads measured at each wind angle. An optimized convex hull is further developed to serve as the design envelope in which the peak values of the resultant responses at any azimuth angle are enclosed to represent the critical wind load cases. Furthermore, the appropriate number of load cases used for design purposes can be predicted based on a set of Pareto solutions. One 30-story building example is used to illustrate the effectiveness and practical application of the proposed optimization-based technique for the evaluation of peak resultant wind-induced load cases.

Risk factors for child physical abuse and neglect among Chinese young mothers

Lo, Camilla K.M.,Tung, Keith T.S.,Chan, Ko Ling,Yip, Paul S.F.,Lau, Joseph T.F.,Wong, Wilfred H.S.,Wong, Rosa S.,Tsang, Anita M.C.,Tsang, Hannah Y.H.,Tso, Winnie W.Y.,Ip, Patrick Elsevier 2017 Child abuse & neglect Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although studies have reported a linkage between young pregnancy and child maltreatment risk, it is still unclear about what factors place young mothers at greater risk of maltreating their child in Chinese context. Based on the socio-ecological model, risk factors in 4 domains: family background/structure, maternal stressors, mother-child interaction, and child behavioral issue in relation to physical assault, neglect, both physical assault and neglect, and either physical assault or neglect among Chinese young mothers in Hong Kong were assessed. 392 young mothers were recruited from an integrated supportive program for young mothers. The mean age of mothers at delivery was 21.8 (SD=3.0) and 52.3% were married. Individual risk factors and cumulative risk domains related to different child maltreatment groups were examined. Our results show both overlapping and unique risk factors across the domains associated with physical assault and neglect. Further, young families exposed to higher number of risk domains show higher rates for physical assault and neglect, co-occurrence of physical assault and neglect, and either form of maltreatment. In addition, various risk domains were found to be particularly important for different forms of maltreatment: family background/structure domain was found to be an important risk domain for neglect; mother-child interaction domain for both physical assault and neglect; family background/structure and maternal stressors domains for either physical assault or neglect. Closer examination of a subgroup of adolescent mothers aged 18 and below shows that family background/structure was an important risk domain for this group.</P>

Randomized phase II placebo controlled study of codrituzumab in previously treated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Abou-Alfa, G.K.,Puig, O.,Daniele, B.,Kudo, M.,Merle, P.,Park, J.W.,Ross, P.,Peron, J.M.,Ebert, O.,Chan, S.,Poon, T.P.,Colombo, M.,Okusaka, T.,Ryoo, B.Y.,Minguez, B.,Tanaka, T.,Ohtomo, T.,Ukrainskyj, S Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of hepatology Vol.65 No.2

<P>Background & Aims: Codrituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against Glypican-3 (GPC3) that is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), interacts with CD16/FccRIIIa and triggers antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. Codrituzumab was studied vs. placebo in a randomized phase II trial in advanced HCC patients who had failed prior systemic therapy. Methods: Patients with advanced HCC who had failed prior systemic therapy, >= 18 years, Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) 0-1, Child-Pugh A were randomized 2: 1 to biweekly codrituzumab 1600 mg vs. placebo. Patients were stratified based on GPC3 immunohistochemical expression: 2+/3+, 1+, and 0. Primary endpoint was progression free survival. Secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and an exploratory endpoint in biomarkers analysis. Results: 185 patients were enrolled: 125 received codrituzumab and 60 placebo: Median age 64/63, 85/75% male, 46/42% Asian, ECOG 0 65/63%, 74/77% having vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic metastasis. 84%/70% had prior sorafenib. Drug exposure was 98.4% of planned dose, with an identical adverse events profile between the 2 groups. The median progression free survival and overall survival in the codrituzumab vs. placebo groups in months were: 2.6 vs. 1.5 (hazard ratios 0.97, p = 0.87), and 8.7 vs. 10 (hazard ratios 0.96, p = 0.82). Projected Ctrough at cycle 3 day 1 based exposure, high CD16/FccRIIIa on peripheral immune cells, and GPC3 expression in the tumor, were all associated with prolonged progression free survival and overall survival. Conclusions: Codrituzumab did not show clinical benefit in this previously treated HCC population. Whether higher codrituzumab drug exposure or the use of CD16 and GPC3 as potential biomarkers would improve outcome remain unanswered questions. Lay summary: Codrituzumab is a manufactured antibody against a liver cancer protein called glypican-3. In this clinical trial, codrituzumab was not found be effective against liver cancer. It was suggested though that a higher dose of codrituzumab or selecting patients with high level of glypican-3 or its mediator CD16 might improve outcome. (C) 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Evaluation of typhoon induced fatigue damage using health monitoring data for the Tsing Ma Bridge

Chan, Tommy H.T.,Li, Z.X.,Ko, J.M. Techno-Press 2004 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.17 No.5

This paper aims to evaluate the effect of typhoons on fatigue damage accumulation in steel decks of long-span suspension bridges. The strain-time histories at critical locations of deck sections of long-span bridges during different typhoons passing the bridge area are investigated by using on-line strain data acquired from the structural health monitoring system installed on the bridge. The fatigue damage models based on Miner's Law and Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) are applied to calculate the increment of fatigue damage due to the action of a typhoon. Accumulated fatigue damage during the typhoon is also calculated and compared between Miner's Law and the CDM method. It is found that for the Tsing Ma Bridge case, the stress spectrum generated by a typhoon is significantly different than that generated by normal traffic and its histogram shapes can be described approximately as a Rayleigh distribution. The influence of typhoon loading on accumulative fatigue damage is more significant than that due to normal traffic loading. The increment of fatigue damage generated by hourly stress spectrum for the maximum typhoon loading may be much greater than those for normal traffic loading. It is, therefore, concluded that it is necessary to evaluate typhoon induced fatigue damage for the purpose of accurately evaluating accumulative fatigue damage for long-span bridges located within typhoon prone regions.

Psocoptera Survey by Using Malaise Trap in Central Taiwan

M. L. Chan,J. T. Yang 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Co-expression and Sequence Determination of Estrogen Receptor Variant Messenger RNAs in Swine Uterus

Ying, C.,Chan, M.-A.,Cheng, W.T.K.,Hong, W.-F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.12

Steroid hormones and their receptors play an important role in reproductive process. Estrogen is intimately involved with pregnancy and its function is mediated through the estrogen receptor which has been chosen as a candidate gene to study litter size in pigs. In this study, we report that two estrogen receptor variants, designated pER-1 and pER-2 were co-expressed in the uteri of normal cycling Lan-Yu pig (Sus vittatus; a small-ear miniature in Taiwan) with the pER-1 expression level appeared to be several times higher than that of pER-2. These receptor variants were isolated using reverse transcription-PCR from the pig uteri and their sequences were determined. The pER-1 and pER-2 sequences, which are homologous to those found in other mammalian estrogen receptors, encode putative proteins consisting of 574 and 486 amino acids, respectively. A deletion in exon I was identified in both sequences, with deletion lengths of 63 bp in pER-1 and 327 bp in pER-2. The deletion in pER-1 is internal to that in pER-2 and both deletions resulted in a truncation of the B domain, which confers the transactivating activity of estrogen receptor protein. This result describes the existence of estrogen receptor variants with a deletion in exon I and implies the possibility that physiological functioning of an estrogen receptor may not require the presence of an intact B domain.

압축비 변화에 대한 중형 수소-천연가스기관의 성능특성

김용태(YOUNG T. KIM),정찬운(CHAN M. CHUNG),정대용(D.Y. JEONG),이종태(JONG T. LEE) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.5_1

A medium duty hydrogen-natural gas fueled engine using hydrogen enriched CNG fuel can obtain stable operation at ultra lean condition and reduce emissions extremely. Reduction of CO₂in its engine is the one of most benefit. In this study, compression ratio were investigated including performance of this engine. As results, it was found that phenomenon of pressure oscillation it means occurring knock was increased due to large specific volume of hydrogen when R_(dH2) was increased. Even if same compression ratio, pressure oscillation was remarkable according to increasing R_(dH2).