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Effect of Mn and C on Age Hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C Lightweight Steels
Sung‑Won Park,Jun Young Park,Kyong Mox Cho,Jae Hoon Jang,Seong‑Jun Park,Joonoh Moon,Tae‑Ho Lee,Jong‑Ho Shin 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.3
The effects of Mn and C content on the age hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C lightweight steels, which have austenitic or duplex(austenite and ferrite) microstructures, were investigated. An increase in Mn content induced a delay of the age hardeningthat is caused by the formation of intra-granular κ-carbides. In order to interpret the effect of Mn content, first-principlescalculations were conducted using the supercells of Fe24Al8C8,Fe24Al8C7,Fe24(Al7Mn)C8, and Fe24(Al7Mn)C7. The calculationsshowed that an increase in Mn content could be the source of the delay of the intra-granular κ-carbide formation bysuppressing C atom’ occupation of the vacancy at the body-centered site of L12. An increase in C content accelerated theformation of intra-granular κ-carbides, which induced the intense age hardening, and coarse inter-granular κ-carbides, whichresulted in significant decrease in impact absorbed energy due to inter-granular fracture.
Effect of Developmental Lead Exposure on the Expression of Hippocampal NMDA Receptor Subunit mRNA
Kim, Tae-Wan,Chung, In-Sung,Bae, Jae-Hoon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, Joon-Sik 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
목적: in vivo 및 vitro에서 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연 폭로 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 흰쥐 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 NR2A, NR2B 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연의 영향은 정상군과 연 폭로군의 출생 후 7일, 14일, 22일 흰쥐의 해마에서 in situ hybridization으로 mRNA 발현 정도를 densitometer로 측정하여 비교하였고, 연과 NMDA 의 세포독성은 해마 신경세포 일차배양 후 도립현미경을 이용한 형태학적인 관찰과 LDH 활성도를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: 연 과 NMDA 에 의한 세포독성에 대한 in vitro 실험에서 형태학적 소견과 LDH 활성도에서 해마 미성숙 신경세포와 성숙 신경세포사이의 차이가 있었으므로, 연과 NMDA 독성효과는 해마 신경세포의 발달 단계에 따라 차이가 있다. 정상군의 해마에서의 NR2A mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나, NR2B mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나 NR2B mRNA 발현은 연령의 증가에 따른 변화가 없었다. 연 폭로에 희한 NR2A mRNA 발현은 유의하게 감소하였으나(p<0.05), NR2B mRNA 발현은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 만성적 연 폭로는 NR2A를 포함하는 NMDA 수용체를 감소시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론: 연은 해마신경세포의 발생단계에서 NMDA 수용체 아단위 특히 NR2A mRNA 발현의 변화를 야기하여 시냅스 신호 전달에 영향을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. Hippocampus
디스패칭 룰 기반의 시뮬레이션 모델을 활용한 S-PMS 설계
이재용(Jae-yong Lee),김상태(Sang-tae Kim),박선영(Seon-young Park),신문수(Moonsoo Shin1),조용주(Yongju Cho) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2015 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.추계
The up-to-date small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Korea have tried to respond flexibly and rapidly to dynamic business environment and to establish efficient production management system based on information technologies. However, most of SMEs have faced with low applicability of the production management system resulting from high costs of introduction and maintenance. In this paper, a production planning and control system, that is S-PMS (production management system for SMEs), is proposed to solve the problem of low applicability and limited human resources. S-PMS enables production managers to efficiently collect and manage master data with the actual target production systems and explores the bottleneck process by means of simulation techniques to improve productivity. Furthermore, it implements rescheduling mechanism in terms of a variety of process routes. In essence, intuitive dispatching rules and integrated data management of S-PMS improve field applicability of production management system. Consequently, S-PMS is expected to be used as an efficient production management system of SMEs in Korea.
HCC : O-048 ; Laparoscopic liver resection for T1 and T2 hepatocellular carcinoma
( Sang Hyun Song ),( Choon Hyuck David Kwon ),( Jae Won Joh ),( Jong Man Kim ),( Milljae Shin ),( Sung Joo Kim ),( Suk Koo Lee ),( Tae Suk Kim ),( Hyung Hwan Moon ),( Young Nam Roh ),( Sang Hoon Lee ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Laparoscopic liver resection has gained much popularity in recent years, but relatively few centers have performed laparoscopic hepatectomies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients due to the technical difficulties. We now present our early experience with laparoscopic liver resection in HCC performed in a single institution. Methods: From January 2008 until February 2011, total 761 patients of hepatectomy was done and we excluded TNM stage 3, tumors over 5cm and location of tumors of segment I, VII, VIII. 84 laparoscopic liver resections were performed and open conversion was 13 cases (15.4%). To reduce selection bias we made a propensity case matching and selected 50 pairs of each operation group. Results: The cause of open conversion were bleeding for 7 cases, inability to find a mass for 3 cases, severe adhesion for 2 cases and tumor margin for 1 case. Preoperative variables of each group were comparable. The length of hospital stay was shorter in laparoscopic resection group than open resection group. (9.5 days vs 13.2 days, p=0.018) Disease free survival was not different with each group and overall survival was also comparable. 3 year disease free survival in laparoscopic resection group was 35.3% and open resection group was 51.6%. (p=0.409) 3 year survival rate in laparoscopic resection group was 81.3% and open resection group was 90.2%. (p=0.590) Conclusions: Laparoscopic liver resection for HCC can be a feasible and safe operative method in early stage HCC. To draw a final conclusion, randomized control study and long term follow up is needed.
Classification of maturity group in 100 Korea soybean varieties
Sang-Ouk Shin,Tae-Joung Ha,Seong-Hyu Shin,Sea-Gyu Lim,Kyung-Jin Choi,In-Yeul Baek,Keum-Yong Park,Sang-Chul Lee 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
This study was carried out to classify Korean soybean varieties based maturity group. One hundred (100) domestic soybean varieties ( 56 for fermentation, 26 for sprouting, 17 for mixed with rice) were used and seeding date was scheduled at April 30. This experiment carried out at Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, NICE situated at Miryang from 2005 to 2006. Classification of maturity group in 100 soybeans was followed by Kweon et al's method (1974) The main difference between this experiment and that of Kweon et al's method (1974) were the planting region and planting date. This experiment was conducted on April 30 at Miryang while Kweon et al. was conducted on May 23 in Seoul. Results of maturity grouping of Korean soybean varieties showed that Keunol, which was represented among 3 varieties, belonged to Group 0, Seonnok and Danmi in GroupⅡ, Shinrok in GroupⅢ, Seonyu, represented by 17 cultivars, in GroupⅣ, Taekwang, having 44 cultivars in GroupⅤ, Daewon, represented by 25 cultivars in GroupⅥ, and Kwangdu and Keumdu in GroupⅦ.
Incorporation of real-world data to a clinical trial: use of external controls
Tae-Eun Kim,Sang-In Park,Kwang-Hee Shin 대한임상약리학회 2022 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.30 No.3
As real-world data (RWD) becomes more available and the methodology for handling RWDevolves, the use of RWD in drug development and drug approval is drawing interest. Oneof the ways RWD can be applied to a clinical trial is using an external control, a cohort ofpatients established separately ser ving as a control group for the clinical trial’s treatmentgroup. Although external controls have the possibility of bias as a result of differences inbaseline characteristics between the external control and experimental groups, selectingan appropriate data source and ensuring comparability through proper handling of the datacan increase the utility of external controls, raising the efficiency of drug development. Thisarticle discusses several topics relevant to using external controls in clinical trials, includingthe definition of external control, the selection of data sources, the strategy ensuringcomparability, current regulator y circumstances, and future directions.
( Sang Heon Nam ),( Yu Shin Ha ),( Tae Wook Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a system to optimize drying potential energy of the exhausted hot air bychanging relative humidity of the air. This study modified the conventional drying method into a drying method changingexhaust cycle and time in order to control the relative humidity of the exhausted hot air during drying process. Method: Avalve on the vent was controlled according to a preset time to change the exhaust cycle and time. This study analyzed theinfluence of the two different types of drying method on the drying characteristics, required energy, and quality of the driedpeppers: conventional drying method exhausting hot air continuously and new drying method controlling exhaust cycle andtime. Results: Drying characteristics based on exhaust time showed that drying time increased with exhaust time, andspecific energy consumption was reduced by 28% from 18.39 MJ/kg (conventional method) to 13.24 MJ/kg when exhausttime was set to one minute. Drying characteristics based on heating time showed that drying time increased with heatingtime and specific energy consumption was reduced by 30% from 18.39 MJ/kg (conventional method) to 12.87 MJ/kg whenexhaust time was set to 22 minutes. Drying characteristics based on exhaust cycle showed that drying time increased withexhaust cycle, and specific energy consumption was reduced by 31% from 18.39 MJ/kg (conventional method) to 12.69MJ/kg when exhaust time was set to one minute and exhaust cycle was set to 22 minutes before drying and 40 minutes afterdrying. The quality of the dried red peppers showed that capsaicin, color, and sugar content were high as 34.87 mg/100g,66.33, and 11.87%, respectively, when exhaust time was set to one minute and exhaust cycle was set to 22 minutes beforedrying and 40 minutes after drying. Conclusions: In order to utilize the drying potential energy of the exhausted air duringdrying process, the conventional drying method was modified into the drying method controlling exhaust cycle and time. The results showed that drying with exhaust cycle of one minute was more efficient in terms of drying time, requiredenergy, and quality of the dried peppers than the one with exhaust cycle of 20~40 minutes.