DNA Polymorphism in SLC11A1 Gene and its Association with Brucellosis Resistance in Indian Zebu (Bos indicus) and Crossbred (Bos indicus×Bos taurus) Cattle

Kumar, Nishant,Ganguly, Indrajit,Singh, Rajendra,Deb, Sitangsu M.,Kumar, Subodh,Sharma, Arjava,Mitra, Abhijit Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.7

The PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in and around TM4 of SLC11A1 gene and its association with the incidences of brucellosis in Hariana breed (Bos indicus) and Holstein Friesian crossbred (Bos indicus${\times}$Bos taurus) cattle was examined. A fragment of 954 bp encoding the TM4 was amplified, and RFLP was identified by digestion of the amplicon independently with AluI and TaqI. The amplicon (GenBank Acc. No. AY338470 and AY338471) comprised of a part of exon V (<59 bp) and VII (62>), and entire intron 5 (423 bp), exon VI (71 bp) and intron 6 (339 bp). Digestion with AluI revealed the presence of two alleles viz, A (281, 255, 79 and 51 bp) and B (541, 255, 79 and 51 bp). The frequency of A allele was estimated as 0.80 and 0.73 in Hariana and crossbred cattle, respectively. Due to presence of a polymorphic TaqI site at intron 5, two alleles: T (552 and 402 bp) and Q (231, 321 and 402 bp) were identified. The frequency of T allele was estimated as 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. For association study, on the basis of serological tests and history of abortion, the animals were grouped into "affected" and "non-affected". However, no association could be established with the observed RFLPs.

Overexpression, Purification, and Immunogenicity of Recombinant Porin Protein of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi (S. Typhi)

Verma Shailendra Kumar,Vandana Gautam,Konduru Balakrishna,Subodh Kumar 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.9

Current updates in acute traumatic aortic injury: radiologic diagnosis and management

Shivani Gupta,Atin Kumar,Tejinder Kaur,Shivanand Gamanagatti,Abhinav Kumar,Amit Gupta,Subodh Kumar 대한응급의학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.9 No.2

Acute traumatic aortic injuries, which have substantial lethal outcomes at the time of admission, are fatal in 80% to 90% of cases. These injuries are relatively rare and have nonspecific clinical presentations. Radiologists and emergency physicians need to identify the radiological signs of acute traumatic aortic injury and differentiate them from common imaging errors to ensure accurate diagnosis and determine appropriate management protocols. In combination with image-guided interventions, advances in cross-sectional imaging have enabled nonsurgical management of acute traumatic aortic injuries. Timely and precise diagnoses of these injuries following prompt treatment are essential as up to 90% of patients presenting at the hospital can undergo early repair.

In vitro Meristem Tip Culture of Rosa hybrida

Debasis Chakrabarty,Subodh Kumar Datta 한국원예학회 2006 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.47 No.2

A micropropagation method for Rosa hybrida cv. Contempo and Mrinalini is presented using shoot tip proliferation onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.2 ㎎ㆍL?¹ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) along with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Percent of explant producing multiple shoots, number of shoots per responded explant and growth of shoots varied with BAP concentration. The optimum results were recorded in 2 ㎎ㆍL?¹ BA. Addition of AgNO₃ in the medium reduced leaf abscission of the in vitro developed shoots. The regenerated plants were transferred to rooting medium (×1/4 MS with 0.1 ㎎ㆍL?¹ IAA, 0.1 ㎎ㆍL?¹ indole-3-butyric acid, 30 gㆍL?¹ sucrose, and 0.6% agar). The highest percentage of root formation was observed in ‘Contempo’ (57.1%), whereas very low percentage of rooting (16.6%) was observed in ‘Mrinalini’. When rooting medium was supplemented with different concentrations of activated charcoal, increase in rooting percentage with increasing the concentration was recorded in the case of ‘Mrinalini’. At the end of 21-28 days, however, the shoots were deteriorated due to yellowing of leaflets. When the plantlets were rooted in liquid medium, on the contrary, the percentage of yellowing leaflets was almost zero. The resulting plantlets were acclimatized and grown in potted soil where they developed normally.

Identification of Novel Source of Resistance and Differential Response of Allium Genotypes to Purple Blotch Pathogen, Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri

Satyabrata Nanda,Subodh Kumar Chand,Purander Mandal,Pradyumna Tripathy,Raj Kumar Joshi 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.6

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis)Cifferi, is a serious disease incurring heavy yield lossesin the bulb and seed crop of onion and garlic worldwide. There is an immediate need for identification ofeffective resistance sources for use in host resistancebreeding. A total of 43 Allium genotypes were screenedfor purple blotch resistance under field conditions. Allium cepa accession ‘CBT-Ac77’ and cultivar ‘ArkaKalyan’ were observed to be highly resistant. In vitroinoculation of a selected set of genotypes with A. porri,revealed that 7 days after inoculation was suitableto observe the disease severity. In vitro screening of43 genotypes for resistance to A. porri revealed tworesistant lines. An additional 14 genotypes showedconsistent moderate resistance in the field as well as invitro evaluations. Among the related Allium species, A. schoenoprasum and A. roylei showed the least diseaseindex and can be used for interspecific hybridizationwith cultivated onion. Differential reaction analysis ofthree A. porri isolates (Apo-Chiplima, Apn-Nasik, Apg-Guntur) in 43 genotypes revealed significant variationamong the evaluated Allium species (P = 0.001). Alltogether, the present study suggest that, the newlyidentified resistance sources can be used as potentialdonors for ongoing purple blotch resistance breedingprogram in India.

Oxygen Isotope Records of Globigerina Bulloides Across a North-south Transect in the South-western Indian Ocean

Neloy Khare,Subodh Kumar Chaturvedi,Rajeev Saraswat 한국해양과학기술원 2009 Ocean science journal Vol.44 No.2

Along a north-south transect (9.69˚N to 55.01˚S) in the southwestern Indian Ocean during the Indian Pilot Expedition to Southern Ocean (PESO), the oxygen isotopic analysis of planktic foraminifera (Globigerina bulloides) from 23 surface sediment samples was carried out to assess the relationship between isotopic composition of G. bulloides and the prevailing physical (seawater temperature and salinity) conditions of the ambient seawater. An increasing trend in the δ18O value is noticed towards higher latitude. Apparently such an increase in δ18O values is inversely related to the temperature changes along the transect. However, slight mismatch is observed at a few stations due to calcification out of optimum conditions or due to the salinity changes. The preliminary results of the present study, if extended to the subsurface sediments coupled with other parameters, may contribute to the reconstruction of the paleohydrography of the region, especially the position of various seawater fronts during the geologic past albeit with areal limitation. Along a north-south transect (9.69˚N to 55.01˚S) in the southwestern Indian Ocean during the Indian Pilot Expedition to Southern Ocean (PESO), the oxygen isotopic analysis of planktic foraminifera (Globigerina bulloides) from 23 surface sediment samples was carried out to assess the relationship between isotopic composition of G. bulloides and the prevailing physical (seawater temperature and salinity) conditions of the ambient seawater. An increasing trend in the δ18O value is noticed towards higher latitude. Apparently such an increase in δ18O values is inversely related to the temperature changes along the transect. However, slight mismatch is observed at a few stations due to calcification out of optimum conditions or due to the salinity changes. The preliminary results of the present study, if extended to the subsurface sediments coupled with other parameters, may contribute to the reconstruction of the paleohydrography of the region, especially the position of various seawater fronts during the geologic past albeit with areal limitation.

Identification of Novel Source of Resistance and Differential Response of Allium Genotypes to Purple Blotch Pathogen, Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri

Nanda, Satyabrata,Chand, Subodh Kumar,Mandal, Purander,Tripathy, Pradyumna,Joshi, Raj Kumar The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.6

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi, is a serious disease incurring heavy yield losses in the bulb and seed crop of onion and garlic worldwide. There is an immediate need for identification of effective resistance sources for use in host resistance breeding. A total of 43 Allium genotypes were screened for purple blotch resistance under field conditions. Allium cepa accession 'CBT-Ac77' and cultivar 'Arka Kalyan' were observed to be highly resistant. In vitro inoculation of a selected set of genotypes with A. porri, revealed that 7 days after inoculation was suitable to observe the disease severity. In vitro screening of 43 genotypes for resistance to A. porri revealed two resistant lines. An additional 14 genotypes showed consistent moderate resistance in the field as well as in vitro evaluations. Among the related Allium species, A. schoenoprasum and A. roylei showed the least disease index and can be used for interspecific hybridization with cultivated onion. Differential reaction analysis of three A. porri isolates (Apo-Chiplima, Apn-Nasik, Apg-Guntur) in 43 genotypes revealed significant variation among the evaluated Allium species (P = 0.001). All together, the present study suggest that, the newly identified resistance sources can be used as potential donors for ongoing purple blotch resistance breeding program in India.

Molecular Links between Alcohol and Tobacco Induced DNA Damage, Gene Polymorphisms and Patho-physiological Consequences: A Systematic Review of Hepatic Carcinogenesis

Mansoori, Abdul Anvesh,Jain, Subodh Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.12

Chronic alcohol and tobacco abuse plays a crucial role in the development of different liver associated disorders. Intake promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species within hepatic cells exposing their DNA to continuous oxidative stress which finally leads to DNA damage. However in response to such damage an entangled protective repair machinery comprising different repair proteins like ATM, ATR, H2AX, MRN complex becomes activated. Under abnormal conditions the excessive reactive oxygen species generation results in genetic predisposition of various genes (as ADH, ALDH, CYP2E1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTM1) involved in xenobiotic metabolic pathways, associated with susceptibility to different liver related diseases such as fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is increasing evidence that the inflammatory process is inherently associated with many different cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinomas. The generated reactive oxygen species can also activate or repress epigenetic elements such as chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs (micro-RNAs), DNA (de) methylation and histone modification that affect gene expression, hence leading to various disorders. The present review provides comprehensive knowledge of different molecular mechanisms involved in gene polymorphism and their possible association with alcohol and tobacco consumption. The article also showcases the necessity of identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers for early cancer risk assessment among alcohol and tobacco users.

High efficiency electrospun TiO2nanofiber based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cell

Dharani, Sabba,Mulmudi, Hemant Kumar,Yantara, Natalia,Thu Trang, Pham Thi,Park, Nam Gyu,Graetzel, Michael,Mhaisalkar, Subodh,Mathews, Nripan,Boix, Pablo P. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Nanoscale Vol.6 No.3

The good electrical and morphological characteristics of TiO2 nanofibers and the high extinction coefficient of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite are combined to obtain a solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 9.8%. The increase of the film thickness dramatically diminishes the performance due to the reduction in porosity of the TiO2 nanofiber framework. The optimum device (similar to 413 nm film thickness) is compared to a planar device, where the latter produces higher V-oc but lower J(sc), and consequently lower efficiency at all measured light intensities.

Naringenin suppresses aluminum-induced experimental hepato-nephrotoxicity in mice through modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation

Rai Ravina,Ahmad Zaved,Jain Subodh Kumar,Jat Deepali,Mishra Siddhartha Kumar 한국독성학회 2024 Toxicological Research Vol.40 No.1

Aluminum is a widely used metal substance in daily life activities that has been shown to cause severe hepato-nephrotoxicity with long-term exposure. Natural dietary flavonoids are being utilized as a newer pharmaceutical approach against various acute and chronic diseases. Naringenin (NAR) has shown efficient therapeutic properties, including effects against metal toxicities. However, the protective efficacy of NAR on aluminum chloride ( AlCl3)-induced hepato-renal toxicity needs investigation as aluminum has shown serious environmental toxicity and bioaccumulation behavior. In this study, mice were treated with AlCl3 (10 mg/kg b.w./day) to assess toxicities, and a group of mice were co-treated with NAR (10 mg/kg b.w./ day) to assess the protective effects of NAR against hepato-nephrotoxicity. The levels of blood serum enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, and the apoptosis marker caspase-3 were measured using histological examinations. NAR treatment in AlCl3- treated mice resulted in maintained levels of liver and kidney function enzymes and lipid profiles. NAR treatment attenuated oxidative stress by regulating the levels of nitric oxide, advance oxidation of protein products, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation. NAR also replenished reduced antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced the levels of glutathione and oxidized glutathione. NAR regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and elevated the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ). The histological study further confirmed the protective effects of NAR against AlCl3- induced hepato-renal alterations. NAR decreased the expression of caspase-3 as a mechanism of protective effects against apoptotic damage in the liver and kidney of AlCl3- treated mice. In summary, this study demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of NAR, leading to the suppression of AlCl3- triggered hepato-renal apoptosis and histological alterations. The results suggest that aluminum toxicity needs to be monitored in daily life usage, and supplementation of the natural dietary flavonoid naringenin may help maintain liver and kidney health.