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Pete, D.J.,Mhaisalkar, S.G.,Helonde, J.B.,Vairagar, A.V. Techno-Press 2012 Advances in materials research Vol.1 No.2
Electromigration-induced void evolutions in typical upper and lower layer dual-inlaid Copper (Cu) interconnect structures were simulated by applying a phenomenological model resorting to Monte Carlo based simulations, which considers redistribution of heterogeneously nucleated voids and/or pre-existing vacancy clusters at the Copper/dielectric cap interface during electromigration. The results indicate that this model can qualitatively explain the electromigration-induced void evolutions observations in many studies reported by several researchers heretofore. These findings warrant need to re-investigate technologically important electromigration mechanisms by developing rigorous models based on similar concepts.
MODULATING CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 PEROVSKITE CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR THROUGH PRECURSOR CONCENTRATION
KUNWU FU,SUBODH MHAISALKAR,SWEE SIEN LIM,PABLO P. BOIX,NRIPAN MATHEWS,YANAN FANG,LYDIA H. WONG,TZE CHIEN SUM 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.5
Perovskite-based photovoltaic devices have recently achieved impressively high e±ciencies be-yond 15% and gained great interest. We show here the formation of perovskite cluster overlayerstructures which consist of individual perovskite grains on top of mesoporous TiO 2 ¯lms, coex-isting with the randomly distributed nanocrystals within the ¯lms. Perovskite solution concen-tration was found to play an important role in modulating the perovskite crystallization andcluster overlayer formation process. Absorbance increase in visible wavelength range and shift ofphotoluminescence (PL) responses of perovskite ¯lms due to the e®ect of precursor concentrationchange were observed and investigated in detail. The crystallographic analysis of theCH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ¯lms shows a gradual decrease of the perovskite lattice parameters and shrinkage ofunit volume as precursor solution concentration increases, which is correlated to the changes ofoptical properties. Finally, perovskite-based solar cell device performance was enhanced at higherprecursor concentration.
High efficiency electrospun TiO2nanofiber based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cell
Dharani, Sabba,Mulmudi, Hemant Kumar,Yantara, Natalia,Thu Trang, Pham Thi,Park, Nam Gyu,Graetzel, Michael,Mhaisalkar, Subodh,Mathews, Nripan,Boix, Pablo P. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Nanoscale Vol.6 No.3
The good electrical and morphological characteristics of TiO2 nanofibers and the high extinction coefficient of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite are combined to obtain a solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 9.8%. The increase of the film thickness dramatically diminishes the performance due to the reduction in porosity of the TiO2 nanofiber framework. The optimum device (similar to 413 nm film thickness) is compared to a planar device, where the latter produces higher V-oc but lower J(sc), and consequently lower efficiency at all measured light intensities.