기능성 위장관장애 환자의 자율신경계기능과 음-양(陰陽)체질 특성에 관한 연구

이정호,송지영,황의완,정두훈,김영미 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4

연구목적 : 기질적 원인이 없이 장기간 소화장애 및 복통이 지속되는 기능성 위장관 장애 환자를 대상으로 하여, 음양체질의 특성이 위장관을 조절하는 자율신경계 기능 이상과 관련되는지를 알아보기 위하여, 사상체질 특성에 따른 자율신경계 기능의 차이유무를 측정해 보고자 하였다. 이로써 이들 환자에서 보이는 자율신경계 기능의 불균형 상태가 한의학에서 말하는 음양(陰陽)이론으로 설명할 수 있을지 알아 보고자 하였다. 그리고 만일 이러한 설명이 가능하게 되면 향후 기능성 위장관 장애 환자에 대한 음양이론에 입각한 치료의 이론적 배경이 될 것으로 기대하였다. 방 법 : 기능성 위장관 장애 환자 27명과 대조군으로서 위장관 증상 이외의 증상을 가진 신체형 장애 환자(이하 기타 신체형 장애) 28명과 건강 대조군 26명을 조사 대상으로 하였다. 이들에게 사상체질(四象體質)분류검사를 이용하여 소음 체질과 기타 체질군으로 나누고, 자율신경 기능검사를 실시하여 체질에 따른 자율신경계 기능을 비교해 보았다. 결 과 : 기능성 위장관 환자군에서 소음체질이 의미있게 많은 빈도를 차지하지는 않았으며, 기능성 위장관 장애군과 기타 신체형 장애군과의 비교에서 자율신경 기능의 차이는 없었다. 이로서 비기질성 기능 장애의 하나인 기능성 위장 장애에서 체질 특성과 부교감신경계 기능 저하와는 관련성은 거의 없다고 추정된다. 단지 기능성 위장 장애군과 기타 신체형 장애군을 합한 신체형 장애 환자군에서는 건강 대조군에 비하여 소음체질의 빈도가 높았으며 부교감신경 기능이 의미있게 낮은 소견을 보였다. 결 론 : 비기질성 기능 장애인 기능성 위장관 장애에서는 한의학에서의 음양가설이라는 일원론에 입각한 이분법적인 개념이 자율신경계의 교감, 부교감 신경계 기능과 일치하는 부분은 적은 것으로 추정된다. 기능성 위장관 장애를 대상으로 해서 앞으로는 음양의 체질이라는 포괄적인 개념보다는 확실한 증상 몇 개 중심으로 하는 좀 더 세분화된 부분으로부터 접근해 볼 필요가 있으리라 사료된다. Objectives : It was revealed that autonomic dysfunction especially decreased parasympathetic functions, seems to be one of the major etiological factors in functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID). The physiological characteristics of sympathetic and parasympathetic functions are externally similar to the features of Yin and Yang based on oriental medicine theory. And it was also revealed that gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in Lesser Yin con-stitutional type(少陰) originated from four types of constitution shown in Sasang constitutional theory(四象醫學). If we obtain the findings on the similarities or compatibilities between autonomic nervous functions and physical constitutional features in functional gastrointestinal disorders, we could apply various oriental treatment modalities to the patients with functional disorders, especially according to Yin-Yang constitutional concept. Methods : We investigated the correlations between characteristics of physical constitution (Yin and Yang) and imbalance of the autonomic functions in patients with FGID. Subjects consisted with three groups : 27 patients with FGID (including irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain syndrome according to the Rome criteria), 28 patients with somatoform disorders who had symptoms other than abdominal symptoms(other somatoform disorders), and 26 normal healthy controls. Characteristics of constitutions were evaluated and divided into two major groups, i.e., Lesser Yin constitution and other constitutions(Greater Yin & Yang and Lesser Yang included) according to the Je-Ma Lee's Classification Questionnaire for Four Constitutional Types(Song et al. 1993). For evaluating the autonomic functions, three parasympathetic functions and two sympathetic functions were measured. Levels of anxiety and depression were also evaluated to be used as a covariant controlling the autonomic functions. Results : 1) FGID group showed significantly lower parasympathetic functions compared to healthy controls, however, there was no differences between FGID and other somatoform disorder groups. 2) Lesser Yin constitutional type was not so prevalent in FGID group. 3) When FGID and other somatoform disorder groups were combined and compared with normal healthy controls, the former group showed significantly lower parasympathetic functions than the latter group. Conclusions : According to these results, Lesser Yin constitutional type do not seem to be closely related with FGID. However, it was suggested that decreased parasympathetic functions were partly associated with this group. We could not find any correlations or compatibilities between two constitutional characteristics and autonomic dysfunction in FGID. This means that functional symptoms of FGID when those were deducted as Yin and Yang characteristics based on oriental medicine could not be understood as two oppositional and co-operative functions such as autonomic functions. Further research with more restricted symptoms selected in the functional disorders and with other physiological cues applied would be needed.

MiR-21 Upregulation Induced by Promoter Zone Histone Acetylation is Associated with Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Enhanced Malignancy of Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Song, Wei-Feng,Wang, Lei,Huang, Wei-Yi,Cai, Xun,Cui, Jiu-Jie,Wang, Li-Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background and Aims: MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is reported to be overexpressed and to contribute to proliferation, apoptosis and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). The aims of this study were to explore regulation of miR-21 expression by epigenetic change and its impact on chemoresistance and malignant properties of of pancreatic cancer. Materials and methods: We retrospectively collected 41 cases of advanced pancreatic cancer patients who were sensitive or resistant to gemcitabine and assessed levels of serum circulating miR-21 for correlation with cytotoxic activity. Histone acetylation in the miR-21 promoter was also studied in gemcitabine-sensitive and gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells. Gemcitabine-resistant HPAC and PANC-1 cells were transfected with pre-miR-21 precursors (pre-miR-21) and antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miR-21), and were treated with TSA. Finally, invasion and metastasis assays were performed and alteration in mir-21, PTEN, AKT and pAKT level was evaluated in these cells. Results: Serum miR-21 levels were increased in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC patients compared with gemcitabine-sensitive subjects. The miR-21 levels were increased in 6 PDAC cells treated with gemcitabine significantly, associated with 50% inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}s$). Histone acetylation levels at miR-21 promoter were increased in PDAC cells after treatment with gemcitabine. Enhanced invasion and metastasis, increased miR-21 expression, decreased PTEN, elevated pAKT level were demonstrated in gemcitabine-resistant HPAC and PANC-1 cells. Pre-miR-21 transfection or TSA treatment further increased invasion and metastasis ability, decreased PTEN, and elevated pAKT levels in these two lines. In contrast, anti-miR-21 transfection could reverse invasion and metastasis, and PTEN and pAKT expressions induced by gemcitabine. Conclusions: MiR-21 upregulation induced by histone acetylation in the promoter zone is associated with chemoresistance to gemcitabine and enhanced malignant potential in pancreatic cancer cells.

Rock bridge fracture model and stability analysis of surrounding rock in underground cavern group

Song Yu,Wei-shen Zhu,Wei-min Yang,Dun-fu Zhang,Qing-song Ma 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.3

Many hydropower stations in southwest China are located in regions of brittle rock mass with high geo-stresses. Under these conditions deep fractured zones often occur in the sidewalls of the underground caverns of a power station. The theory and methods of fracture and damage mechanics are therefore adopted to study the phenomena. First a flexibility matrix is developed to describe initial geometric imperfections of a jointed rock mass. This model takes into account the area and orientation of the fracturedsurfaces of multiple joint sets, as well as spacing and density of joints. Using the assumption of the equivalent strain principle, a damage constitutive model is established based on the brittle fracture criterion. In addition the theory of fracture mechanics is applied to analyze the occurrence of secondary cracks duringa cavern excavation. The failure criterion, for rock bridge coalescence and the damage evolution equation, has been derived and a new sub-program integrated into the FLAC-3D software. The model has then beenapplied to the stability analysis of an underground cavern group of a hydropower station in Sichuan province, China. The results of this method are compared with those obtained by using a conventional elasto-plastic model and splitting depth calculated by the splitting failure criterion proposed in a previous study. The results are also compared with the depth of the relaxation and fracture zone in the surrounding rock measured by field monitoring. The distribution of the splitting zone obtained both by the proposed model and by the field monitoring measurements are consistent to the validity of the theory developed herein.

Evolutionary Head Pose Measurement by Improved Stereo Model Matching

Wei Song,Mamoru Minami,Yasushi Mae 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

Personality Based Motivation Generation for Virtual Human Simulation

Wei Song(송웨이),Kyungeun Cho(조경은),Kyhyun Um(엄기현) 한국멀티미디어학회 2008 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2008 No.1

Virtual agents are becoming more and more intelligent and adaptive to the dynamic virtual environment. The agents must make behavior planning based on characteristics that differ from one to the other. This paper describes a personality-based motivation oriented behavior planning system for an autonomous agent in games and virtual environments. The motivation selection process is implemented by evaluating and extracting motivation. The motivation extraction by both interception with personality variable and probability distribution allows the NPC to make multiple decisions in certain situations in order to embody realistic virtual humans. This model increases the complexity of the virtual human's action selection by adding personality attributes. The proposed behavior planning system was tested in the restaurant simulation game "Crazy Waitress" to elucidate the mechanism of the framework.

A Motivation Filter Scheme for Behavior Sequence Learning in Virtual Environment

Wei Song,Beibei Zhang,Kyungeun Cho,Kyhyun Um 한국멀티미디어학회 2009 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2009 No.-

This paper proposes a motivation filter scheme for behavior sequence learning system which does not require predefined probability of the states' transition. When interacting with unknown environments, a virtual agent needs to learn how to generate a behavior sequence to achieve a goal and determine the transition probability based on the current state and the action taken. In a sequence learning process, the sensed states are grouped by a set of proposed motivation filters in order to reduce the learning computation of the large state space. The proposed motivation filters work motivated by the change in the agent's internal variables. We simulate a virtual environment to elucidate the process of the system.

Motivation based Behavior Sequence Learning for an Autonomous Agent in Virtual Reality

Wei Song,Kyungeun Cho,Kyhyun Um 한국멀티미디어학회 2009 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.12 No.12

Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of CuSCN with Cu Vacancies

Wei Jin,Guo-Qing Yue,Fu-Shun Ke,Song Wu,Hai-Bin Zhao,Liang-Yao Chen,Song-You Wang,Yu Jia 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.8

Based on density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) using the CASTEP code, we calculated the formation energy of a Cu vacancy, as well as the band structure and the optical properties of β-CuSCN with Cu vacancies. Removal a Cu atom from the 32-site and the 72-site supercell results in an enlargement of the band-gap and a slight relaxation in the lattice parameter. An accepter level above the valence band maximum is observed in the 32-site supercell with a Cu vacancy, which results in the onset of a small absorption pre-peak at 0.65 eV.

BCC-DPSO Algorithm for Task Scheduling on NOC

Wei Gao,Yubai Li,Song Chai,Jian Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.7 No.5

In this paper, a BCC-DPSO scheduling algorithm is proposed to solve multi-objective optimization problem for task scheduling on Network-on-Chip (NoC). In our proposal, the relative advantage of the solution is evaluated by calculating its efficiency using BCC model in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the referred-time method is introduced to rank the BCC-efficient solution. Moreover, a sub-swarm strategy is adopted to reduce the high computational requirement introduced by the DEA. There are four sub-swarms, each of which optimizes one of four observed metrics, namely makespan, energy, link load and workload balance. Meanwhile, the speed vector updating formulation is modified to comply with the sub-swarm strategy. By conducting comparative simulations, the results show that our proposal produces more efficient schedule solution than other multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).

Polyethylenimine-coated biomass-chitosan composite fibers for recovery of ruthenium from industrial effluents: Effects of chitosan molecular weight and drying method

Song, Myung-Hee,Kim, Jeong Ae,Wei, Wei,Kim, Sok,Yun, Yeoung-Sang Elsevier 2018 Hydrometallurgy Vol.182 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Sustainable recovery of precious metal ions from secondary sources is of high interest due to their limited availability, high demand, and high cost. The objective of this study was to establish manufacturing conditions of acid-stable and high-performance composite fibers and to apply the fibers for recovery of ruthenium from industrial effluents generated from acetic acid making Cativa™ process. The polyethylenimine-coated onto biomass-chitosan composite fibers (PBCFs) were prepared by different methods. The molecular weight of chitosan and drying methods were selected major factors affecting the stability and adsorption performance of PBCFs. The drying method largely affects the stability and adsorption performance, while the effect of molecular weight was not significant. After adsorption, Ru was successfully recovered as a solid state by incineration of the Ru-loaded PBCFs. The present study provided optimized conditions for fabricating stable and high-performance PBCFs able to be used for recovery of Ru through the adsorption-incineration technique.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PBCFs were fabricated to recover Ru from real industrial effluents. </LI> <LI> Effects of chitosan Mw and drying methods on sorption performance were investigated. </LI> <LI> The Ru uptake of PBCFs was 14.4 times higher than that of commercial resin. </LI> <LI> This study provided optimalconditions for fabricating PBCFs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>