Experimental Validation of an IoT Based Device Selective Power Cut mechanism Using Power Line Carrier Communication for Smart Management of Electricity

Sumit Kumar Jindal,Kishan Kumar,Shulin Saraswat,Ajay Kumar,Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.1

There is a huge diff erence between electricity production and its demand. In order to meet the requirements, a selective power cut is carried out which is currently based on area and time. Although this is a simplistic solution, it has many drawbacks such as the area gets completely deprived of even the very basic appliances such as lights and fans, which do not contribute signifi cantly to the power consumption. This creates a need to come up with a solution so that no one gets deprived of using basic appliances at any time and still be able to reduce power consumption to fulfi ll the ever-growing demand. This work has dealt with the same by implementing a device selective protocol which can selectively cut power of particular devices depending on their energy rating, power rating, manufacturer etc. by the use of power line carrier communication. Hence, revolutionizing the whole concept of area selective power cut to device selective power cut. Since, IoT refers to a network of devices or “Things”, this work incorporates the basic principles of IoT by essentially creating a network of devices which can communicate with each other, over low bandwidth.

Molecular Characterization of Rathi and Tharparkar Indigenous Cattle (Bos indicus) Breeds by RAPD-PCR

Sharma, Amit Kumar,Bhushan, Bharat,Kumar, Sanjeev,Kumar, Pushpendra,Sharma, Arjava,Kumar, Satish Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.9

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis was carried out using DNA samples of 30 animals of Rathi cattle and 42 animals of Tharparkar cattle. Genomic DNA was isolated as per standard protocol and evaluated for its quality, purity and concentration. Twenty three random primers were screened out of which 15 primers yielded satisfactory amplifications and were used for further analysis. Average numbers of polymorphic fragments per primer were 7.07${\pm}$0.86 in Rathi and 6.80${\pm}$0.61 in Tharparkar cattle. The percentage of polymorphic bands in these two cattle breeds were 86 and 87%, respectively. Within breed genetic similarities for pooled over primers in the animals of Rathi and Tharparkar breeds were .577${\pm}$0.30 and 0.531${\pm}$0.02, respectively on the basis of band frequency (BF) and 0.645${\pm}$0.04 and 0.534${\pm}$0.04, respectively on the basis of band sharing (BS). Averages of between breed genetic similarities for pooled over primers were 0.97 and 0.92 according to BF and BS, respectively, which reflect higher degree of genetic similarity between Rathi and Tharparkar cattle breeds. Index of genetic distance based on BF and BS for pooled over primers was 0.030${\pm}$0.011 and 0.088${\pm}$0.031, respectively. Percentage of polymorphic bands and within-breed genetic similarities on the basis of band frequency (BF) and band sharing (BS) for pooled over primers revealed higher genetic similarity in Rathi than Tharparkar cattle population. High estimates of between breed genetic similarities for pooled over primers indicated that either Rathi is having decent from Tharparkar or both the cattle breeds are having common descent. Low value of Index of genetic distances between these two cattle breeds may be due to the fact that Rathi and Tharparkar cattle breeds are the native of Thar Desert in Northwest India. The results of between breed genetic distances also confirm the existence of high degree of genetic similarity between these two breeds of cattle.

Changes in patterns of plastic surgery emergencies at a level I trauma center in India during the COVID-19 pandemic

( Veena Singh ),( Ansarul Haq ),( Sarsij Sharma ),( Sanjeev Kumar ),( Aditya Kumar ),( Amarjeet Kumar ),( Neeraj Kumar ),( Anil Kumar ) 대한외상학회 2022 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had major effects worldwide, including sudden and forceful setbacks to the healthcare system. The COVID-19 pandemic has also led to changes in the plastic and reconstructive management of emergency cases, including those due to road traffic accidents. This study analyzed changes in patterns of plastic surgery emergencies and modifications in consultation policies to minimize the exposure of healthcare workers. Methods: Data on plastic surgery emergency calls received from the trauma and emergency department were collected for a period of 2 months before and during lockdown. The data were then analyzed with respect to the cause, mechanism, and site of the injury, as well as other variables. Results: During lockdown, there was a 40.4% overall decrease in the plastic surgery emergency case volume (168 vs. 100). The average daily number of consultations before lockdown was 2.8 as compared to 1.6 during lockdown. Road traffic accidents remained the most common mechanism of injury in both groups (45.8% vs. 39.0%) but decreased in number during the lockdown (77 vs. 39). Household accidents, including burns, were the second most common cause of injury in both phases (7.7% vs. 20.0%), but their proportion increased significantly from 7.7.% to 20.0% in the lockdown phase (P=0.003). The percentage of minor procedures done in the emergency department increased from 53.5% to 72.0% during lockdown (P=0.002). Procedures in the operating room decreased by 73.1% during lockdown (67 vs. 18, P=0.001). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown orders in India greatly influenced trends in traumatic emergencies as observed by the plastic surgery team at our tertiary care center. Amidst all the chaos and limitations of the pandemic period, providing safe and prompt care to the patients presenting to the emergency room was our foremost priority.

Electricity Price Forecasting in Ontario Electricity Market Using Wavelet Transform in Artificial Neural Network Based Model

Sanjeev Kumar Aggarwal,Lalit Mohan Saini,Ashwani Kumar 대한전기학회 2008 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.6 No.5

Electricity price forecasting has become an integral part of power system operation and control. In this paper, a wavelet transform (WT) based neural network (NN) model to forecast price profile in a deregulated electricity market has been presented. The historical price data has been decomposed into wavelet domain constitutive sub series using WT and then combined with the other time domain variables to form the set of input variables for the proposed forecasting model. The behavior of the wavelet domain constitutive series has been studied based on statistical analysis. It has been observed that forecasting accuracy can be improved by the use of WT in a forecasting model. Multi-scale analysis from one to seven levels of decomposition has been performed and the empirical evidence suggests that accuracy improvement is highest at third level of decomposition. Forecasting performance of the proposed model has been compared with (ⅰ) a heuristic technique, (ⅱ) a simulation model used by Ontario's Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO), (ⅲ) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model, (ⅳ) NN model, (ⅴ) Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARlMA) model, (ⅵ) Dynamic Regression (DR) model, and (ⅶ) Transfer Function (TF) model. Forecasting results show that the performance of the proposed WT based NN model is satisfactory and it can be used by the participants to respond properly as it predicts price before closing of window for submission of initial bids.

Detection of Microcalcification Using the Wavelet Based Adaptive Sigmoid Function and Neural Network

( Sanjeev Kumar ),( Mahesh Chandra ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.4

Mammogram images are sensitive in nature and even a minor change in the environment affects the quality of the images. Due to the lack of expert radiologists, it is difficult to interpret the mammogram images. In this paper an algorithm is proposed for a computer-aided diagnosis system, which is based on the wavelet based adaptive sigmoid function. The cascade feed-forward back propagation technique has been used for training and testing purposes. Due to the poor contrast in digital mammogram images it is difficult to process the images directly. Thus, the images were first processed using the wavelet based adaptive sigmoid function and then the suspicious regions were selected to extract the features. A combination of texture features and graylevel co-occurrence matrix features were extracted and used for training and testing purposes. The system was trained with 150 images, while a total 100 mammogram images were used for testing. A classification accuracy of more than 95% was obtained with our proposed method.

Functional synapse formation between compartmentalized cortical neurons cultured inside microfluidic devices

Sanjeev Kumar Mahto,송휴섭,이석우 한국바이오칩학회 2011 BioChip Journal Vol.5 No.4

In this work, the formation of functional synapses between compartmentalized cortical neurons cultured inside three-compartment microfluidic devices in a controlled fashion is described. The proposed device can direct axons in an isolated compartment and, thus, facilitates isolated axons forming functional synapses with dendrites of other neurons in an isolated microenvironment. This microfluidic approach allows continuous real-time monitoring of neuronal processes and fluorescently tagged biomolecules involved in synapse formation, and provides an easy, simple, cost effective, and efficient method to develop and manipulate synapses in an isolated microenvironment without using surface patterning techniques or electrical stimulation. The results presented here suggest that this microfluidic approach could be used as an alternative method for the formation of functional synapses and their exhaustive examinations.

Gd Doping Effect on Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of ZnO Thin Films Synthesized by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Technique

Sanjeev Kumar,Rajalingam Thangavel 대한금속·재료학회 2017 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.13 No.2

Nanocrystalline Gd-doped ZnO thin films were deposited onsapphire (0001) substrates using sol-gel spin coatingtechnique. The structural and optical properties of depositedthin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) andmicro Raman spectroscopy. Structural and optical studiesshow that the doped Gd ions occupy Zn sites retaining thewurtzite symmetry. Photoluminescence (PL) studies reveal thepresence of oxygen vacancies in Gd doped ZnO thin films. The resistivity of Gd doped ZnO thin film decreases withincrease in Gd doping upto 4%. Gd-doped ZnO filmsdemonstrate weak magnetic ordering at room temperature.

A hybrid Taguchi-artificial neural network approach to predict surface roughness during electric discharge machining of titanium alloys

Sanjeev Kumar,Ajay Batish,Rupinder Singh,T. P. Singh 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.7

In the present study, electric discharge machining process was used for machining of titanium alloys. Eight process parameters werevaried during the process. Experimental results showed that current and pulse-on-time significantly affected the performance characteristics. Artificial neural network coupled with Taguchi approach was applied for optimization and prediction of surface roughness. Theexperimental results and the predicted results showed good agreement. SEM was used to investigate the surface integrity. Analysis formigration of different chemical elements and formation of compounds on the surface was performed using EDS and XRD pattern. Theresults showed that high discharge energy caused surface defects such as cracks, craters, thick recast layer, micro pores, pin holes, residualstresses and debris. Also, migration of chemical elements both from electrode and dielectric media were observed during EDS analysis. Presence of carbon was seen on the machined surface. XRD results showed formation of titanium carbide compound which precipitatedon the machined surface.

Identification and SWOT analysis of ecological and security issues of battery electric vehicles

Sanjeev Kumar,Amit Pal Techno-Press 2022 Advances in energy research Vol.8 No.3

Environmental sustainability is critical; else, the whole planet would face climatic disasters in the near future. A transportation system based on electric vehicles is assumed to be capable of providing long-term mobility. However, despite several attempts by national and international authorities, a great aim could not be met in India or the rest of the globe. Existing electric cars have a number of limits and obstacles. This report highlighted significant environmental and safety-related constraints that contribute to the low adoption rate of BEVs in India. A SWOT analysis was also carried out to identify the important elements influencing the future of BEV penetration in India.

The Political System and Processes in India : Problems and Prospects with Special Reference to Southern India

Sanjeev Kumar Shrivastav 경북대학교 아시아연구소 2008 아시아연구 Vol.- No.3

본 논문은 인도의 정치 체계에 대한 고찰을 목적으로 한 소고 형태의 논문입니다. 인도 정치에 대한 새로운 이슈를 제기하기 보다는 인도 정치 제도와 현황에 대한 설명을 통하여 여타의 정치 체제에서는 찾아보기 힘든 인도의 독특 한 정치문화에 대한 이해를 높이고자 합니다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 집필의 의도에 충실히 따르기 위하여 인도의 정치를 여러 가지 단면으로 나누어 각각의 주제에 대한 설명을 나열하는 형식을 취하고 있습니다. 덧붙여 이러한 인도 정 치의 지역별 연구의 시작으로서 남부지역의 주 정부들의 정치적 현황과 제도적 특징 그리고 정치적 경험들에 대하여 간단히 소개함으로서 남부 인도에서의 정치적 성과에 대해 소개하고자 합니다. 인도 문명은 유럽, 이슬람교 사회뿐만 아니라 유교와 불교의 영향을 받은 동아시아의 문명과도 구분되는 독특한 면을 가지고 있다. 1947년 8월 15일 독립당시의 4억 인구는 현재에 이르러 10억을 초과한 상태이다. 알려진 대로 인도는 선거권을 가진 인구의 수와 정치에 참여하는 정당의 숫적 측면에서 보면 세계 최대의 민주주의 국가이다. 또한 인도에는 다양한 종류의 이해집단들이 존재하고 있다. 이러한 이해집단들은 지역, 언어, 계급, 종교 등 여러 가지 다각적인 사회 정체성을 가진 집단들이다. 이들 이해집단들은 자신들의 처한 상황에 따라 다양한 요구들을 표출하고 있다. 이러한 요구들은 인도 내에서 자신들의 문화에 대한 자치권에 대한 요구도 있으며, 더 나아가 자치 독립 국가를 원하는 집단들도 존재하고 있다. 이러한 여러 가지 다양한 문제들에도 불구하고 인도는 하나의 독립국가로서 독립이후 존재해오고 있다. 인도는 연방 의회제의 민주 국가이며, 여러 정당의 대표가 있다. 실질적인 인도의 정치권력은 수상이 수행하지만, 형식적인 권력은 대통령에게 있다. 이것은 영국의 군주제도에서 왕이 차지하는 위치와 같은 표면상의 국가수반의 지위에 해당한다. 행정은 정부가 담당하고 있으며, 연방의 입법에 대한 권한은 정부와 상원과 하원으로 구성된 인도 의회에 있다. 사법은 입법과 행정으로부터 독립되어 기능하고 있다. 인도 연방제는 정당의 분열과 의회 권력의 약화 그리고 일반 대중들의 정치적 압력으로 인하여 다른 연방제 국가들과 비교하여 중앙 집중화 정도가 약한편이다. 시장 개혁과 몇 몇 주들에서 받아들인 세계 은행의 구조 조정 계획 그리고 투자에 대한 인도 국내 수요의 증가로 인하여 연방제는 여러 가지 경제적 문제에 직면해 있다. 경제문제에 대한 의사결정의 권한을 개별 주 정부에 부여함으로 인하여 투표를 의식한 대중적 정당의 정책 등으로 재정 문제는 악화되 었으며, 또한 불균형 발전이 가속화 되었다. 중앙 정부와 지방정부간의 정치와 안보에 관한 견해 차이로 인하여 중요한 정치적 문제들이 나타나고 있다. 또한 새로운 주를 만들기 위한 정치적 집단들의 움직임도 있으며, 촌락단위 정치 의 결 조직에 대한 헌법 조항을 설립하려는 정치적 움직임도 있다. 이처럼 연방제로 인하여 인도는 중앙 정부의 권한이 강화되기 보다는 지방정부의 권력이 강화되면서 지역, 언어, 카스트, 계급 등의 다양한 문제들이 중요한 정치적 과제 로 등장하게 되었다. 1999년의 의회 선거 이후로 중앙 정부는 20개의 중소 지역 정당들이 참여한 연합 정부를 구축하였으며, 당분간 이러한 연합 정부 형태는 지속될 것으로 보인다. 이러한 외적 내적 문제들에도 불구하고 인도는 매우 성공적인 민주주의적 질서와 정부를 유지해 오고 있다. 현재까지 인도는 독립이후 파키스탄과 중국 에 대항하여 네 번의 전쟁을 겪어왔다. 그리고 자무와 카시미르 지역, 북동 지역 그리고 펀잡지역에서 계속되는 반정부 시위를 겪고 있다. 현재 인도는 모택동주의자들과 낙살라이트들의 반정부 시위를 경험하고 있다. 카스트와 부족 문제들은 여전히 해결의 기미를 보이지 않고 있으며, 인도의 법과 질서에 위험을 안겨줄 수 있는 중대한 과제로 등장하였다. 무엇보다 가장 큰 문제는 전 세계에 있어 현재 가장 큰 정치적 위험이 되고 있으며, 수년간 인도를 계속해서 고통에 빠뜨리는 테러리즘과의 전쟁을 현재 수행하고 있다는 것이다. 인도는 이러한 모든 정치적 문제들에 대해서 용기와 신념을 갖고 싸워왔다. 이러한 심각한 문제들에 대항하여 힘든 싸움을 해오면서도 인도는 국민들의 복지와 빈곤퇴치를 위해 성공적인 성과를 거두어왔다. 이러한 측면에서 본다면 남부 인도의 여러 주 정부들은 다른 지역의 주 정부와 비교하여 상대적으로 성공적이었으며, 국민들의 복지와 빈곤퇴치에 성공적이었음을 알 수 있다. Indian civilization is distinct from the East Asian, mainly Confucian and Buddhist inspired civilizations, as well as from European or Islamic societies. When India attained independence on 15th August, 1947, its population was around 400 million people. Now there are more than a billion people in India. India is the largest democracy in the world. It has the biggest number of people with franchise rights and the largest number of political parties, which take part in election campaign. India also has many internal problems. Different communities with different identities-regional, language, caste, religion-demanded different rights for their communities. Some communities demanded more autonomy for their cultures within the Indian states. Others demanded autonomous states within the Indian Union, while the others demanded to be independent from India. With all its problems India survives as a single state with democratic character. India is a federal parliamentary democratic state, having multiparty representation. The Prime Minister of India is the head of government, while the President of India is the formal head of state and holds substantial reserve powers, placing him or her in approximately the same position as the British monarch. Executive power is exercised by the government. Federal legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the Parliament of India. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Indian federalism has become less centralized as a result of popular pressures, the breakdown of Congress dominance, and the fragmentation of political parties. Economic challenges to cooperative federalism emerge from market reforms, the search for investments, and the World Bank structural adjustment plans adopted in selected states. Devolution of economic decision-making to the states aggravates fiscal crises by facilitating populist political strategies and accentuating uneven development. Political challenges arise from issues such as central vs. state control of police and security forces; movements for the creation of new states; and the implementation of constitutional provisions for village-level governance. Change in India’s federalism has come about less through the adaptation of formal institutions than through the proliferation of state-based political parties, aggregating varied interests based on region, language, caste, class, or views on secularism. After the elections of 1999, more than 20 parties managed to provide a stable national coalition government, transforming the political processes. At present India has a coalition government and the same coalition is likely to remain in upcoming years in Indian politics.